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Intro To Weather Practice Test for Mid Term

Beschreibung

Quiz am Intro To Weather Practice Test for Mid Term, erstellt von Christina Warner am 14/03/2017.
Christina Warner
Quiz von Christina Warner, aktualisiert more than 1 year ago
Christina Warner
Erstellt von Christina Warner vor etwa 7 Jahre
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Zusammenfassung der Ressource

Frage 1

Frage
Once a parcel of air rises above the lifting condensation level, the rate of cooling slows because
Antworten
  • A. latent heat is released when water vapor condenses.
  • B. the air surrounding the parcel is cooler.
  • C. water droplets absorb visible light much better than water vapor does.
  • D. The parcel of air continues to cool at the dry adiabatic lapse rate.

Frage 2

Frage
Adiabatic Processes.....
Antworten
  • A. Occur with the addition or loss of energy.
  • B. Are relatively uncommon in the atm
  • C. Often involve changes in both temperature and pressure
  • D. Are relatively not reversible

Frage 3

Frage
What will be the temperature of an unsaturated parcel of air at an altitude of 430 meters if it has a temperature of 10 degrees Celsius at the surface?
Antworten
  • A. 14 degrees Celsius
  • B. 10 degrees Celsius
  • C. 5.7 degrees Celsius
  • D. 0 degrees Celsius

Frage 4

Frage
If the Environmental Lapse Rate is 5 degrees Celsius per 1000 meters and the surface temperature is 22 degrees Celsius, which of the following describes the temperature an unsaturated air parcel would have, relative to its surroundings, if it was lifted from the surface to 3000 meters?
Antworten
  • A.Warmer than its surroundings
  • B. Colder than its surroundings
  • C. The same temperature as its surroundings
  • D. This cannot be determined from the information provided

Frage 5

Frage
The most common mechanism of cloud formation is
Antworten
  • A. lowering the air temperature to the dew point by adiabatic cooling of rising air.
  • B. adding water vapor to the air.
  • C. mixing warm moist air with cold air.
  • D. both adding water vapor to the air and mixing warm moist air with cold air.

Frage 6

Frage
Which of the following best describes the result when a parcel of air is lifted and the Environmental Lapse Rate is greater than the dry adiabatic lapse rate?
Antworten
  • A. Unconditionally stable air
  • B. Conditionally stable air
  • C. Absolutely stable air
  • D. Absolutely unstable air

Frage 7

Frage
This type of air will keep rising after an initial upward push.
Antworten
  • statically stable air
  • statically neutral air
  • statically unstable air
  • air that is colder and denser than surrounding air

Frage 8

Frage
This type of air neither rises on its own following an initial lift nor sinks back to its original level.
Antworten
  • A. statically neutral air
  • B. statically unstable air
  • C. statically stable
  • D. none of these types of air rises on its own following an initial lift nor sinks back to its original level

Frage 9

Frage
Conditionally unstable air
Antworten
  • A. contains a mixture of absolutely stable air and absolutely unstable air.
  • B. moves through an environmental lapse rate that is between the dry adiabatic lapse rate and the wet adiabatic lapse rate.
  • C. always has a negative buoyancy.
  • D. rarely provides precipitation.

Frage 10

Frage
This type of air neither rises on its own following an initial lift nor sinks back to its original level.
Antworten
  • A. statically neutral air
  • B. statically unstable air
  • C. statically stable
  • D. none of these types of air rises on its own following an initial lift nor sinks back to its original level

Frage 11

Frage
The environmental lapse rate typically decreases at night because
Antworten
  • A. the surface cools more rapidly than the air aloft.
  • B. the surface absorbs more longwave radiation than the air aloft.
  • C. the surface absorbs less longwave radiation than the air aloft.
  • D. the surface cools more slowly than the air aloft.

Frage 12

Frage
Ascending parcels of unstable air seldom extend above the tropopause because
Antworten
  • the stratosphere is extremely stable.
  • the stratosphere is extremely unstable.
  • the troposphere is extremely stable.
  • the troposphere is extremely unstable.

Frage 13

Frage
An inversion
Antworten
  • implies that a layer of air is unstable.
  • indicates that a layer of air is stable.
  • has no significance as far as a meteorologist is concerned.
  • means that a layer of air is overturning.

Frage 14

Frage
In which environment is an air parcel most likely to rise?
Antworten
  • Absolutely stable
  • Absolutely unstable
  • At the condensation level
  • Conditionally unstable

Frage 15

Frage
Radiation fog
Antworten
  • does not form if there is any wind.
  • disappears through "lifting."
  • is the type of fog that envelops San Francisco in the summer.
  • occurs most often on cloudless nights.

Frage 16

Frage
Advection fog
Antworten
  • occurs when warm air passes over a cool surface.
  • is the result of adiabatic cooling.
  • rarely travels more than 100 meters from its point of origin.
  • is responsible for the Tule fog of the Central Valley of California.

Frage 17

Frage
The high incidence of fog in the Pacific northwest is primarily due to (there is a picture)
Image:
c1611487-3d5a-4d4c-a0ab-0bac37dc3b97 (image/png)
Antworten
  • a. very strong winds
  • b. orographic lifting.
  • c. the advection of moist oceanic air over cold surfaces.
  • d. reduced amounts of daylight at these high northern latitudes.

Frage 18

Frage
The [blank_start]_____________[blank_end] cloud type can form from air converging and rising vertically (clouds of vertical development), and is associated with heavy downpours of rain.
Antworten
  • Cumulonimbus
  • Nimbus
  • Stratus
  • Alto
  • High
  • Cirrus

Frage 19

Frage
The _______ cloud type can form from air converging and rising vertically (clouds of vertical development), and is associated with heavy downpours of rain. The [blank_start]______[blank_end] form of clouds produces the heaviest precipitation. _______ clouds would most commonly be associated with orographic lifting along mountain ranges. A cloud that occupies a range of approximately 8,000 to 10,000 feet would have the prefix _________
Antworten
  • Nimbus
  • Cumulonimbus
  • Alto
  • High
  • Stratus
  • Cirrus

Frage 20

Frage
Label the clouds
Image:
12d18a4b-6800-4d39-8f87-89b842ffa57f (image/jpeg)
Antworten
  • altocumulus
  • stratus
  • altostratus
  • cirrus
  • cumulonimbus

Frage 21

Frage
Drag the appropriate labels to their respective target on the cold front
Image:
41471052-76f7-4e09-8fb9-a378a9cb56cc (image/jpeg)
Antworten
  • Cirrus
  • Stratus
  • Cumulonimbus
  • Alto Stratus

Frage 22

Frage
warm front
Image:
ee6bcc7f-a0c5-484c-98e2-56c88aab4adc (image/jpeg)
Antworten
  • Stratus
  • Altostratus
  • Cirrus
  • Alto
  • Cumu

Frage 23

Frage
Hail formation is associated with
Antworten
  • cumulonimbus.
  • cumulus.
  • stratocumulus.
  • nimbostratus.

Frage 24

Frage
This is not a form of low cloud.
Antworten
  • nimbostratus
  • stratus
  • nimbocumulus
  • stratocumulus

Frage 25

Frage
Cirrostratus clouds
Antworten
  • contain a mixture of ice crystals and supercooled water droplets.
  • are formed by wind shear.
  • are responsible for the halo effect.
  • are more likely to herald coming precipitation than are cirrocumulus clouds.

Frage 26

Frage
Which of the following pairs of clouds are the primary precipitation-producing ones?
Antworten
  • altostratus and nimbostratus
  • stratocumulus and cumulonimbus
  • stratus and nimbostratus
  • nimbostratus and cumulonimbus

Frage 27

Frage
Stratus clouds
Antworten
  • have a high-water content.
  • are a most responsible for colorful sunsets.
  • form only from the adiabatic lifting of air.
  • can form sheets up to several hundred miles long.

Frage 28

Frage
Cumulus congestus
Antworten
  • have large temperature differences between the bottom and top.
  • do not have temperatures below about -4 degrees Celsius.
  • are formed in stable air, typically in inversion layers.
  • are composed entirely of supercooled water droplets.

Frage 29

Frage
Which of the following are not in the High Cloud group?
Antworten
  • cirrus
  • altostratus
  • cirrocumulus
  • cirrostratus

Frage 30

Frage
Stratocumulus clouds are considered
Antworten
  • clouds with extensive vertical development.
  • low clouds.
  • middle clouds
  • high clouds

Frage 31

Frage
High clouds
Antworten
  • have a typical ceiling around 4500 meters.
  • are composed of ice crystals.
  • include altostratus clouds.
  • have a fairly large water content.

Frage 32

Frage
Lenticular clouds
Antworten
  • result in a substantial net accumulation of moisture within the clouds.
  • usually form over gently sloping plains.
  • have linear shapes.
  • are the result of waves in the air flow.

Frage 33

Frage
have linear shapes.
Antworten
  • provide smooth flying for commercial airliners.
  • are prevented by the tropopause from entering the stratosphere.
  • are typically composed of ice near the bottoms of the clouds.
  • can span nearly the entire troposphere.

Frage 34

Frage
Label the Chart with drop downs
Image:
e3b534c3-4566-4994-94c6-4d4b5e7ec75f (image/jpeg)
Antworten
  • Percipitation
  • Rain Cloud
  • Surface runoff
  • Infiltration
  • Evapotranspiration
  • Evaporation
  • Cloud Formation

Frage 35

Frage
Label the picture
Image:
ca8deec6-fec6-4425-a910-fad0aaff79bd (image/jpeg)
Antworten
  • Rain Cloud
  • Infiltration
  • Evapotranspiration
  • Cloud Formation
  • Evaporation
  • surface runoff

Frage 36

Frage
Place Labels: - Water Table - Zone of Soil Moisture - Unsaturated Zone - Saturated Zone - Material of high porosity & permeability - Material of low porosity & permeability
Image:
ca00120c-555b-454a-b8e2-0dd3c3676467 (image/jpeg)
Antworten
  • Unsaturated Zone
  • Zone of Soil Moisture
  • Saturated Zone
  • Water Table
  • Material of high porosity & permeability

Frage 37

Frage
The residence time of water in the atmosphere is about
Antworten
  • 12 hours
  • 100 days
  • 10 days
  • 1 day

Frage 38

Frage
Liquid water at the ground does not always flow along the land surface, but instead penetrates into the ground in the process called
Antworten
  • transpiration
  • interception
  • infiltration
  • both interception and infiltration

Frage 39

Frage
Water is unique because
Antworten
  • its coefficient of expansion as it freezes is linear.
  • it exists in all three states naturally at the same time.
  • it vaporizes at a very low temperature.
  • it can be forced through pipes at considerable pressure.

Frage 40

Frage
Saturation
Antworten
  • occurs when the condensation rate equals the evaporation rate.
  • is a state of disequilibrium.
  • occurs even when there are still substantial fluctuations in the concentration of water vapor above the surface.
  • requires the presence of other gases besides water vapor.

Frage 41

Frage
Saturation vapor pressure is dependent upon this variable.
Antworten
  • air pressure
  • temperature
  • air composition
  • time of day

Frage 42

Frage
Specific humidity
Antworten
  • is a ratio of one mass to another mass.
  • is temperature dependent.
  • typically has values of 10 percent or greater.
  • has little use for scientific studies.

Frage 43

Frage
Humidity
Antworten
  • is measured only one way.
  • is unrelated to the vapor pressure of water.
  • is a measure of only the water vapor in the air.
  • applies to water, whether solid, liquid, or vapor.

Frage 44

Frage
When the relative humidity is 100 percent
Antworten
  • the specific humidity is greater than the saturation specific humidity
  • water will condense out of the air.
  • evaporation ceases.
  • the saturation specific humidity is greater than the specific humidity.

Frage 45

Frage
Relative humidity
Antworten
  • is independent of air temperature.
  • depends on the actual amount of water vapor.
  • can change substantially during the course of a day.
  • allows easy comparison of water vapor at different locations.

Frage 46

Frage
As the temperature increases, generally, the relative humidity
Antworten
  • is unaffected
  • is erratic
  • increases
  • decreases

Frage 47

Frage
The relative humidity can increase or decrease even though the water vapor content doesn't change because
Antworten
  • relative humidity is temperature dependent.
  • relative humidity is tied to the amount of dry air present in the sample considered.
  • relative humidity is directly dependent on cloud cover.
  • water vapor is a locally conservative property of the atmosphere

Frage 48

Frage
Water vapor amounts are generally lower during winter because
Image:
1db62022-f260-48af-9df9-e92a8824da79 (image/png)
Antworten
  • weaker winds reduce the atmosphere's ability to contain water vapor.
  • colder temperatures increase the atmosphere's ability to contain water vapor.
  • stronger winds reduce the atmosphere's ability to contain water vapor.
  • colder temperatures reduce the atmosphere's ability to contain water vapor.

Frage 49

Frage
Higher amounts of water vapor are found near the Gulf of Mexico because
Image:
9d56869e-d6ef-42cd-81a6-ed9f9d38b7f9 (image/png)
Antworten
  • the Gulf's low water temperature promotes condensation.
  • the Gulf's high water temperature promotes condensation.
  • the Gulf's high water temperature promotes evaporation.
  • the Gulf's low water temperature promotes evaporation.

Frage 50

Frage
Which of the following does NOT describe a way in which air can become saturated?
Antworten
  • Lowering the temperature down to the dew point
  • Moist Air
  • Decreasing the relative humidity to 0 percent
  • Mixing cold air with warm air

Frage 51

Frage
The effect of humidity and high temperature on human comfort is given by the
Antworten
  • heat index.
  • moisture index.
  • cooling degree-days.
  • heating degree-days.

Frage 52

Frage
Which of the following pairs of change-of-state processes bypass the liquid state of water?
Antworten
  • evaporation and condensation
  • sublimation and deposition
  • freezing and melting
  • freezing and condensation

Frage 53

Frage
What would be the best time of day to water a lawn to minimize the evaporation of water from the surface of the grass, assuming the dew point temperature remained constant?
Image:
6c672135-d660-4546-b8ee-4016bf971256 (image/png)
Antworten
  • 9am
  • 3pm
  • 6am
  • 9pm

Frage 54

Frage
What is the most effective index of water vapor content?
Antworten
  • precipitation
  • dew point
  • absolute humidity
  • relative humidity

Frage 55

Frage
The dew point
Antworten
  • is not a very effective indicator of water vapor content.
  • is high when there is little water vapor in the air.
  • can be used with air temperature to indicate the value of relative humidity.
  • can be higher than the current air temperature.

Frage 56

Frage
Why is the sky blue?
Antworten
  • Mie scattering by particles in the atmosphere
  • Rayleigh scattering of solar radiation by air molecules
  • Absorption by air molecules
  • Solar reflection off of the oceans

Frage 57

Frage
The difference between "Rayleigh" scattering and "Mie" scattering is
Antworten
  • the wavelengths of the incoming radiation.
  • the size of the scattering particulates.
  • the length of time the Sun shines.
  • the wavelength of the incoming radiation and the size of the scattering particulates.

Frage 58

Frage
Albedo
Antworten
  • is the same for all geographic features.
  • is high for sand and dirt.
  • is high for ice, snow and thick clouds.
  • varies with latitude and not the various surfaces.
  • is high for water.

Frage 59

Frage
The planetary albedo of the earth is
Antworten
  • 50%
  • 7%
  • 30%
  • 15%

Frage 60

Frage
The radiation emitted by Earth
Antworten
  • is in the form of radio waves.
  • had its origin in radioactive elements in the earth's interior.
  • has little effect on the earth's energy budget.
  • is primarily absorbed by the atmosphere.

Frage 61

Frage
Water vapor is the primary carrier of
Antworten
  • radiative heat transfer.
  • latent heat.
  • small pox.
  • conductive heat transfer.

Frage 62

Frage
Sweating cools people because
Antworten
  • it involves a transfer of sensible heat.
  • it utilizes evaporative cooling.
  • colder molecules in a passing wind adhere to the wet skin.
  • it changes the heat capacity of the body.

Frage 63

Frage
Greenhouse gases
Antworten
  • did not exist in significant concentrations until the coming of the Industrial Age.
  • cause the earth to have much wider swings in daily temperature ranges than if the gases were not present.
  • keep the earth at a comfortable temperature.
  • are good absorbers of shortwave radiation.

Frage 64

Frage
The region with the greatest difference between summer and winter average temperatures would be
Antworten
  • eastern Siberia.
  • central Australia.
  • north Africa.
  • northern North America.

Frage 65

Frage
Compared to land, water bodies
Antworten
  • are more greatly influenced by continentality
  • have a lower specific heat.
  • cool more slowly.
  • warm more quickly.

Frage 66

Frage
The range of daily temperatures is ________ during cloudy conditions because ________.
Antworten
  • enlarged; clouds reduce both the incoming shortwave radiation and the outgoing longwave radiation
  • reduced; clouds reduce both the incoming shortwave radiation and the outgoing longwave radiation
  • reduced; clouds reduce the incoming shortwave radiation and increase the outgoing longwave radiation
  • enlarged; clouds reduce the incoming shortwave radiation and increase the outgoing longwave radiation

Frage 67

Frage
Solar noon is typically not the warmest time of the day because
Image:
a2ea4cc7-f4ea-468e-991d-5c37b39108cc (image/jpeg)
Antworten
  • surface temperature increases as long as the energy gained by the surface is less than the energy lost.
  • surface temperature increases as long as the energy gained by the surface is greater than the energy lost.
  • surface temperature decreases as long as the energy gained by the surface is greater than the energy lost.
  • surface temperature decreases as long as the energy lost by the surface is greater than the energy lost.

Frage 68

Frage
The ________ attempts to tell us what it "feels like" in cold, windy conditions.
Antworten
  • Heat Index
  • Growing Degree-Days
  • Cooling Degree-Days
  • Wind Chill Index

Frage 69

Frage
Latent heat released during dew formation is [blank_start]_______[blank_end] the latent heat required for water to freeze from its liquid state.
Antworten
  • More Than
  • Less Than
  • Same As

Frage 70

Frage
The latent heat released during rainfall is [blank_start]______[blank_end] the latent heat released during snowfall.
Antworten
  • More than
  • Less than
  • Same As

Frage 71

Frage
Latent heat [blank_start]_____[blank_end] during evaporation of lake water is same as the latent heat released during fog formation.
Antworten
  • More Than
  • Same as
  • Less Than

Frage 72

Frage
Latent heat is [blank_start]_____[blank_end] during glacial melt.
Antworten
  • Released
  • Absorbed

Frage 73

Frage
Latent heat is _[blank_start]____[blank_end] during frost formation.
Antworten
  • Absorbed
  • Released

Frage 74

Frage
The atmosphere is a(n)
Antworten
  • absorber of all radiation equally.
  • inferior absorber of x-rays.
  • selective absorber.
  • blackbody absorber.

Frage 75

Frage
This method of energy transfer does not involve the net movement of particles or waves in the direction of energy transfer:
Antworten
  • convection.
  • radiation.
  • conduction.
  • All three of the above involve the movement of particles.

Frage 76

Frage
Convection
Antworten
  • involves mixing in a fluid.
  • does not involve an actual transfer of energy.
  • involves potential energy only.
  • is another term for conduction.

Frage 77

Frage
Energy is traditionally defined as the ability to
Antworten
  • do work.
  • cause acceleration.
  • create movement.
  • none of the above

Frage 78

Frage
Ultraviolet, visible, and infrared are all types of radiation with different
Antworten
  • wavelengths.
  • latent heat.
  • potential energy.
  • gravity

Frage 79

Frage
This is a form of kinetic energy:
Antworten
  • electrical power.
  • a charged battery not in use
  • firewood
  • water behind a dam

Frage 80

Frage
Which of the following statements describes the Stefan-Boltzmann Law?
Antworten
  • The law demonstrates that a cooler body will radiate with greater intensity than will a hotter body.
  • The law quantifies the intensity of emitted radiation by an object in Watts per square meter.
  • It does not apply to blackbodies.
  • It is derived from Wien's Law.

Frage 81

Frage
At the speed of light, energy from the sun takes how much time to reach the Earth?
Antworten
  • 30 seconds
  • 24 minutes
  • 8 minutes
  • 1 second

Frage 82

Frage
The single factor that determines how much energy a blackbody radiates is its
Antworten
  • size
  • diameter
  • temperature
  • distance

Frage 83

Frage
The visible light spectrum is bounded by these two types of radiation:
Antworten
  • ultraviolet and near infrared.
  • x-ray and radio wave.
  • microwave and gamma ray.
  • x-ray and thermal infrared.

Frage 84

Frage
Why is summer generally a warmer season than winter?
Antworten
  • A hemisphere experiencing summer is tilted towards the sun.
  • There is more land in the Northern Hemisphere.
  • Earth's orbit is elliptical.
  • Earth is closer to the Sun during summer.

Frage 85

Frage
Most areas in the Northern Hemisphere receive the greatest intensity of solar energy during which time of year?
Antworten
  • The June solstice
  • The vernal equinox
  • The winter solctice
  • The March equinox

Frage 86

Frage
The Earth is actually the farthest from the sun on
Antworten
  • January 3rd
  • July 4th
  • April 1st
  • December 25th

Frage 87

Frage
The Tropic of Capricorn is directly under the Sun during the
Antworten
  • March equinox.
  • December solstice.
  • June solstice.
  • September equinox.

Frage 88

Frage
The earth's axis of rotation is tilted roughly this number of degrees away from a line perpendicular to the plane of the earth's orbit:
Antworten
  • 90
  • 5.3
  • 23.5
  • 11.2

Frage 89

Frage
At perihelion the earth is ________ closer to the sun than at Aphelion.
Antworten
  • 30$
  • 3%
  • 0.3%
  • 0.000003%

Frage 90

Frage
Of the following, which latitude would experience the fewest hours of daylight on the June solstice?
Antworten
  • 60 degrees South
  • 20 degrees South
  • 0 degrees (the equator)
  • 60 degrees North

Frage 91

Frage
The peak of the Earth's emission is ________, while the sun's peak is 0.5 microns.
Antworten
  • 0.1 microns
  • 100 microns
  • 1 micron
  • 10 microns

Frage 92

Frage
Choose the correct listing of radiation from the longest wavelengths to the shortest wavelengths:
Antworten
  • x-rays, ultraviolet, infrared, gamma rays, visible, radio.
  • gamma rays, radio, ultraviolet, infrared, visible, x-rays.
  • radio, infrared, visible, ultraviolet, x-rays, gamma rays
  • radio, gamma rays, ultraviolet, visible, infrared, x-rays.

Frage 93

Frage
The measurement used to specify wavelengths is called the
Antworten
  • nanometer.
  • micrometer
  • decameter.
  • macrometer.

Frage 94

Frage
According to the Stefan-Boltzmann Law, if the absolute temperature of an object quadruples, the maximum energy emitted goes up by a factor of how much?
Antworten
  • 4
  • 16
  • 256
  • 64

Frage 95

Frage
Which of the following temperature scales is the only one to begin at the zero point?
Antworten
  • Fahrenheit
  • Celsius
  • Argon
  • Kelvin

Frage 96

Frage
Calculate the average decrease in temperature per km (lapse rate) from the surface to the top of the troposphere.
Antworten
  • 3.6 degrees C per km
  • 6.5 degrees C per km
  • 8.3 degrees C per km
  • 11.8 degrees C per km

Frage 97

Frage
Minus 273.16 degrees Celsius equals how many Kelvins?
Antworten
  • 0 K
  • 32 K
  • 100 K
  • 212 K

Frage 98

Frage
Minus 20 degrees Fahrenheit is equal to how many degrees Celsius?
Antworten
  • -29 degrees C
  • -52 degrees C
  • 52 degrees C
  • 29 degrees C

Frage 99

Frage
Which of the following has the longest wavelength?
Antworten
  • GAMMA
  • RADIO
  • ULTRAVIOLET
  • THERMAL INFRARED

Frage 100

Frage
The atmosphere is a mixture of
Antworten
  • gas molecules, small particulates, and moisture.
  • precipitation and air.
  • particulate matter and water.
  • moisture and gas molecules only.

Frage 101

Frage
The most costly average annual weather event is
Antworten
  • floods.
  • tornadoes.
  • extreme hot or cold episodes.
  • hurricanes.

Frage 102

Frage
The scientific method may be trusted because
Antworten
  • it is an extremely strict process.
  • its value has been proven over centuries of use.
  • it has several logical steps.
  • it led to the invention of the computer.

Frage 103

Frage
The scientific method, a framework for answering scientific questions, is essentially
Antworten
  • a large collection of facts.
  • a strict procedure for proving the truth of something.
  • a way to verify facts that are already known.
  • a convention regarding what it means to "know" something.

Frage 104

Frage
According to the scientific method, a hypothesis
Antworten
  • must have already been tested in previous experiments.
  • must always be understandable to the layperson.
  • must lead to predictions.
  • must be phrased in highly technical jargon.

Frage 105

Frage
The scientific method can only disprove a hypothesis because
Antworten
  • the hypothesis must constantly be revised.
  • experiments must be performed several times before a hypothesis is considered proven.
  • if the prediction is correct, other explanations cannot be ruled out.
  • they might be accepted as scientific theory.

Frage 106

Frage
According to the scientific method, an experiment
Antworten
  • must always be performed by researchers with good reputations.
  • must produce data that allows the prediction to be evaluated.
  • must always be performed in a laboratory setting.

Frage 107

Frage
Relatively speaking, the earth's atmosphere is
Antworten
  • stops when we reach "space."
  • stops at the top of the troposphere.
  • very thin when compared to the earth's diameter.
  • very thick when compared to the earth's diameter.

Frage 108

Frage
Compared to the size of the earth, the atmosphere is very thin because
Antworten
  • most of the air molecules float off into space.
  • the sun can't penetrate through the clouds.
  • it is highly compressed.
  • the clouds hold the air close to the surface.

Frage 109

Frage
The depth of the atmosphere is approximately what percentage of Earth's thickness from the center?
Antworten
  • 0.027 %
  • 2.7 %
  • 27 %
  • 36 %

Frage 110

Frage
Of the following atmospheric layers, which is the most effective at shielding the Earth's surface from harmful ultraviolet radiation?
Antworten
  • Mesosphere
  • Tropopause
  • Troposphere
  • Stratosphere

Frage 111

Frage
Identify the four atmospheric layers (from lowest to highest) that are distinguished by their temperature profiles.
Antworten
  • Troposphere, tropopause, mesopause, ionosphere
  • Troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, ionosphere
  • Troposphere, mesosphere, thermosphere, stratopause
  • Troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, thermosphere

Frage 112

Frage
This is the most abundant gas in the atmosphere.
Antworten
  • water vapor
  • oxygen
  • nitrogen
  • carbon dioxide

Frage 113

Frage
Water vapor
Antworten
  • can comprise up to five percent of the total mass of the atmosphere.
  • has evaporation as its primary source.
  • does not absorb infrared radiation.
  • typically increases in concentration at higher altitudes within the troposphere.

Frage 114

Frage
Carbon dioxide
Antworten
  • comprises up to two percent of the atmospheric gases.
  • is removed from the atmosphere by photosynthesis.
  • is not present in significant amounts in the atmosphere of Venus.
  • is being removed from the atmosphere faster than it is being inputted.

Frage 115

Frage
The mass of a given substance contained in a unit of volume is referred to as which of the following?
Antworten
  • Density
  • Escape velocity
  • Weight
  • Pressure

Frage 116

Frage
The highest temperatures are typically found in the
Antworten
  • stratosphere.
  • troposphere.
  • thermosphere.
  • mesosphere

Frage 117

Frage
The "stratosphere" warms because of
Antworten
  • the injection of moisture by meteors.
  • the injection of moisture by high-flying jet aircraft.
  • dust and dirt deposited by volcanoes
  • the interaction of ozone and ultraviolet light.

Frage 118

Frage
An inversion
Antworten
  • never occurs in the atmosphere.
  • refers to a temperature increase with height.
  • promotes upward motion in the atmosphere
  • refers to a temperature increase with height and inhibits upward motion in the atmosphere.

Frage 119

Frage
The difference between the atmosphere's "permanent" gasses and "variable" gasses is that
Antworten
  • permanent gasses exhibit a constant proportion from the earth's surface to higher reaches of the atmosphere.
  • variable gasses are dependent on storms for world-wide dispersion.
  • permanent gasses exchange rapidly between the atmosphere and the biosphere.
  • variable gasses are so called because of their horizontal displacement.

Frage 120

Frage
Temperatures generally decrease with height in which layers of the atmosphere?
Antworten
  • Stratosphere and troposphere
  • Troposphere and mesosphere
  • Stratosphere and thermospherE
  • Mesosphere and stratosphere

Frage 121

Frage
This is NOT a variable gas.
Antworten
  • argon
  • ozone
  • water vapor
  • carbon dioxide

Frage 122

Frage
Which of the following gases are crucial to the existence of all forms of life?
Antworten
  • oxygen
  • carbon dioxide
  • argon
  • nitrogen

Frage 123

Frage
Which of the following will increase given an increase in pressure?
Antworten
  • volume
  • density
  • mass
  • both mass and volume

Frage 124

Frage
Which of the following is the primary difference between weather and climate?
Antworten
  • Weather deals with long-term changes, and climate does not.
  • They are both the same.
  • Weather deals with the instantaneous effects on Earth, whereas climate is over a period of 30 years.
  • Climate deals with only temperature patterns over the span of a week.
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