Karteikarten
HSE204 - Study Area 1, Topic 3 - Changes in learning and transfer of learning
Karten in diesem Stapel (21)
- 1Fitt's and Posner's 3 Stage Model of Skill Learning1. Cognitive Stage
2. Associative Stage
3. Autonomous Stage - 21. Cognitive Stage (Fitts & Posner)High cognitive activity;
Trying to understand activity;
Dealing with instruction and feedback - 32. Associative Stage (Fitts & Posner)Begins to refine motor skills;
Associates environmental cues to movements;
Can detect and correct errors - 43. Autonomous Stage (Fitts & Posner)Skill is almost automatic;
Cognitive activity reduced;
Consistant performance;
Error detection improved - 5Gentile's 2 Stage Model of Learning (Closed Skill)Understanding skill;
differentiation between regulatory/non-reg conditions;
basic movement pattern
V
Fixation;
Refinement of movement - 6Gentile's 2 Stage Model of Learning (Open Skill)1. Understanding skill;
differentiation between regulatory/non-reg conditions;
basic movement pattern
V
2. Diversification;
Adapting basic movement pattern - 7Changes that occur when a skill is learnt1. Diminishing improvement;
2. Movement coordination;
3. Movement pattern;
4. Efficient muscle & energy use;
5. Visual selective attention;
6. Error detection & correction;
7. Expertise - 8Transfer of LearningTransfer of a learnt skill to another situation or skill
- 9Positive Transfer of LearningPrevious experience improves performance of another skill
- 10Negative Transfer of LearningPrevious experience hiders performance of a skill
Eg - Driving on the right side of the road - 11Zero Transfer of LearningPrevious experience has no effect on new skill
Eg - Using a phone and drinking water - 12Near (Generalised) Transfer of LearningOverlap between situations, original and transfer contexts are similar.
- 13Far Transfer of LearningLittle overlap between situations, original and transfer settings are dissimilar.
- 14Identical Elements Theory (Thorndike)The number of identical elements between two skills determines amount and direction of transfer
- 15Transfer Appropriate Processing Theory (Lee)Transfer occurs when cognitive processes are similar.
- 16Bilateral TransferTransfer of a skill occurs from either limb to the other
- 17Asymmetric TransferWhen more transfer occurs from one limb than from another limb
- 18Symmetric TransferWhen transfer occurs equally well regardless of which limb it is
- 19Bilateral Transfer - Cognitive Learning ExplanationCognitive information is transferred;
Knowing what to do - 20Bilateral Transfer - Motor Program Explanatiion1. Generalised Motor Program - The learner can use the same for both limbs.
2. Dynamic Pattern Theory - The pattern learned is not limb specific. - 21Spillover EffectTransmission of neural activity spills over to the contralateral side via the corpus collosum