Karteikarten
Ohne Titel
Karten in diesem Stapel (17)
- 1Patterns in Group 3:- Energy Level = 3
- General increase in 1st I.E
- Nuclear charge increases
- Mg to Al = Al outer electrons in 3p orbital
- P to S = S has a pair of electrons (BMR) - 2ShieldingIf the elements are on the same level, then there is the same amount of shielding
- 3Across the group-Nuclear charge is increasing but shielding does not.
-Therefore the electrons are strongly attracted to the nucleus and are drawn in.
-Thus increasing atomic radii. - 4Mass spectrometer- Vaporised
-Electron gun (high energy)
-Make ions with plus one charge
-Accelerated with electric field
-Magnetic field changed strength
-Heavier ions = less of a curve
-Electrons moving makes a current
-Measures m/z and abundance - 5IsotopesAtoms of the same element with the same atomic number, but a different number of neutrons
- 6Relative Atomic MassThe average mass of the atoms, taking into account the natural relative abundance of the isotopes in the element, compared to 1/12 of the mass of carbon 12
- 7ArAverage mass of 1 atom of 1 element
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1/12 of the mass of C12 - 81st Ionisation energyThe amount of 'enthalpy' needed to remove 1 mole of electrons from 1 mole of atoms in the gaseous phase
- 9Avogadro Number23
6.022 x 10 - 10Electrons/StructureEnergy level - 1. 2. 3.
Sub level- 1. 2. 3.
Orbital types- S. S,P. S,P,D
Number of electrons- 2e. 8e. 18e - 11Rules for electrons-Electrons always occupy the orbital with the least energy
-Each orbital can only hold 2 electrons
-Electrons have opposite spins - 12BIG MOMMA RULEElectrons will go in their own orbital if possible, as they are negatively charged, therefore they repel each other. However they will pair up if they have to
- 13Cr and CuCronium -
1S(2)2S(2)2P(6)3S(2)3P(6)4S(1)3D(5)
Copper-
1S(2)2S(2)2P(6)3S(2)3P(6)4S(1)3D(10) - 14ISOELECTRICSame electron configuration but different elements.
Na= 1S(2)2S(2)2P(6)3S(1)
Na+=1S(2)2S(2)2P(6)
O= 1S(2)2S(2)2P(4)
O2- = 1S(2)2S(2)2P(6)
Na+ is the same as 02- - 15Electrostatic AttractionSize of nucleus -
Bigger nucleus = bigger EA
Distance from nucleus -
Larger distance = bigger EA - 16Shortened equationsCalcium=
1S(2)2S(2)2P(6)3S(2)3P(6)4S(2)
OR
[Ar]4S(2) - 17Equation for 1st Ionisation energyX ---> X(+) + e(-)
(G) (G)
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- Karteikarten am Ohne Titel, erstellt von jesshornx am 21/10/2014.
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