Karteikarten
Deviant Behavior Final
Karten in diesem Stapel (74)
- 1Queer PoliticsA return to radicalism and a celebration of differences within the gay movement
- 2politics of bisexualityemerges for 3 reasons
1. counter culture that rebelled against fixed identities
2. certain organizations (such as the sexual freedom league) advocated a freer/guiltless sexuality and encouraged individuals to explore sexuality
3. the lesbian/gay movement at times made bisexuality into an ideal - 3Metrosexualsa non homophobic man who embraces things that we normally associate with felinity and gay men
- 4queer gays and lesbianspeople in the gay and lesbian community who challenge the notion of sexual identities and labels
- 5queer straightssomeone who embraces and learns a lot about gay culture
- 61962 Model Penal Code1. decriminalized adult consensual heterosexual behavior
2. shifts how we view sex, it is now a fundamental individual right that humans have - 7Griswold v Connecticut1965
decriminalized contraception for married couples - 8Eisenstadt vs Baird1972
extended Griswold v Connecticut (the decriminalization of contraception) to everyone - 9Roe v Wade1973
the right to an abortion - 10laws on interracial marriage= anti miscegenation laws (1661-1967)
gov't telling you who you can and can't sleep with
goal is to maintain white privilege
last law overturned by Loving v Virginia - 11sexual autonomyMore laws for women
-laws against rape and domestic violence
-Roe v Wade
-no fault divorce laws
-affirmative consent
Less laws for men
-legalized prostitution - 12regulation of marriagelaws to protect marriage include anti prostitution laws
criminalized non-marital intimacy
laws against interracial marriage
laws against birth control and abortion
forced sterilizations (targeted blacks, native americans, and puerto ricans) - 13decriminalization of homosexualitybegan in the 1970's
- 14was the 1960's a sexual revolution?YES
-gay liberation
-birth control made legal
-playboy
-pre marital engagement sex
NO
-images of gays and lesbians in media was negative
-increased tolerance for the "normal" gay in hollywood
-rarely get the idea that there is an alternative to heterosexuality - 15censorship of pornographyAnthony Comstock= spearheaded an anti obscenity campaign
Between WW2 and WW1 the supreme court narrowed the def of obscenity
eventually censorship of public expression ends and the porn industry generates $4-7 billion in sales - 16feminists against pornographyCatherine Mackinnon and Andrea Dworkin
argument:
-degrades women
-adds to a culture of male domination
-promoted violence and rape
-the women in the industry are exploited - 17feminists in support of pornographyargument
-gives us a sense that were all sexual beings - 18oppression paradigmused to understand sex workers
=sex workers are generally women who have been abused physically or emotionally as children
-often addicted to drugs
-use prostitution to support a drug habit
-many women are run aways
-abused by "pimps" or customers
-about male dominance
-drug habits are developed thru prostitution - 19empowerment paradigmused to understand sex workers
=argues that sex work is no different that any other employer/employee transaction
-if women can make a living off of it, then why not?
-COYOTE: call off your old tired ethics
-used by sex positive feminists - 20white collar crimecrimes committed by middle and upper class people in the course of their business activities
ex. embezzlement, corporate, bankruptcy, schemes - 21political crimeillegal acts intended to influence the political system
ex. war crimes, gov't surprises revolts in other countries - 22corporate crimeillegal acts committed during the operation of a business during the pursuit of profit
ex. environmental pollution, stock market manipulation, price fixing - 233 types of acts that make up elite deviance1. economic domination: violations of anti trust laws, price fixing
2. crimes of gov't and gov't control: corporate welfare
3. a detail of basic human rights: the gov't upholds racist laws - 24deregulationunder Raegan
start of the 2008 Great Recession
overturned the Glass-Stegall Act
effect: allowed banks to engage in risky financial ventures - 25Glass-stegall Actmeant to prevent a future depression
prohibited bank owning companies from owning other companies - 26power eliteC. Wright Mills
Power elite= the leaders of most dominant institution in America Society
1. Federal gov't: almost everyone in our gov't either comes from corporate america or military
2. military: retired military leaders often work for big manufacturing firms or industries
3. corporations - 27evidence of a power elite-less the 1% of American population is in a position of power in dominant institutions
-0.5% of the population controls the largest 500 manufacturing firms and the top 50 financial institutions
-90% of the media in America is owned by 4 populations - 28Media as a Monopolyownership of the media is highly concentrated among 5 for profit global organizations
- 29evidence the media is NOT liberalChomsky & Herman's 5 filters
1. ownership is concentrated among 5 global corporations
2. mass media relies on advertising, which will bias the story it tells
3. sourcing= media relies on powerful sources for stories and doesn't want to offend them
4. # of right winged outlets that force the media to follow a corporate agenda has increased
5. mass media is consumed with the ideology of evil - 30campaign financingPAC's and super PAC'S give millions $$$
citizens united= b/c money is considered free speech there is no longer a limit on how much money you can give to a campaign - 31higher immoralityC. Wright Mills
=a moral insensitivity among the most wealthy and powerful members of the US corporate, political, and military elite
ex. the form pinto
ex. raising prescription drug prices - 326 types of higher immorality1. interpersonal manipulation
2. unethical practices relating to executive salaries and expense accounts
3. unfair executive and corporate tax advantages
4. deliberate creation of political/economic crises by power elite
5. manipulation of public opinion
6. violation of anti trust laws - 33penalties for corporate crime-no deterrence
-80% of convictions result in a $5,000 fine
-elites often get off the hook because the average person thinks corporate crime ins't that serious AND because media doesn't focus on corporate crime - 34organized crime=business enterprises organized for the purpose of making money through illegal activities
-money laundering
-political assassinations
-suppress labor unions - 35monopoly=a company that has cornered the market and has no competition
why is it deviant?
they make the rich richer and the poor poorer and doesn't allow the market place to function as it should - 36price fixing=an explicit agreement amongst competitors to keep prices high
ex. gas prices - 37price gauging=taking extraordinary advantage of consumers in response to a variety of situations
- 383 ways of price gauging1. taking advantage of poor people
-they pay more proportionally for rent, food, insurance
2. taking advantage of unusual events
-when a hurricane is coming to NOLA and surrounding states raise hotel prices
3. making profits through deception
-pharmaceutical industry (lower prices in other countries, spend tons of $ on advertising, costs lots of $ to bring a drug to the market, advertise to consumers who will demand a drug from doctors) - 39fraud=when one is induced to part with money or values through deceit, lies, or misinterpretation
- 40deceptive advertising=all about creating a need
- 41unsafe productsex. ford pinto
20 million americans are injured in their home as a result of product malfunction
2005: peak year for safety issues
110,000 permanently disabled - 42food pollution*cutting corners for profit*
-adulterated products
-use of chemical additives
-sugar/fat consumption (the sugar lobby is keeping the FDA from talking about the harms of sugar)
-enticing children through advertising - 43jeopardies to human health1. unsafe products
2. food pollution
3. tobacco industry
4. dangerous working conditions
5. societal impacts - 44tobacco industrycounters the anti smoking industry
- 45dangerous working conditionsOSHA: occupational safety/health admin
-only covers a few select businesses
-has "no teeth"
mining
BP oil spill
asbestos
workplace carcinogen exposure - 46societal impacts of corporate devianceglobal warming
wasting resources
pollution - 47military industrial complex=refers to the entire network of contracts people, and flows of money between corporations, defense contractors, the pentagon, the executive branch, and congress
- 483 types of unethical government acts1. illegal/unethical practices relating to US defense policy (US is the only country to use nuclear weapons)
2. conducts of multinational corporations abroad
3. violations of human rights by nations we support (we have supported the overthrow of a democratically elected leader) - 49political graft=act of taking advantage of ones political position to gain money or property
- 50evidence that sexuality is a social construction (5)1. defn's of appropriate sexual behavior change across time and place
2. society plays a role in shaping our sexual identities, desires, and behaviors
3. there is no solid scientific evidence that sexuality is innate
4. many people have inconsistent sexual desires or behaviors
5. where do bisexuals fit in? - 51Simon Levaystudies brains of gay men to look for a "gay gene"
all he found was that they had a smaller hypothalamus which isn't verifiable - 52sexologythe factual science and study of sex and sexuality
helped increase the tolerance for different forms of sexuality - 534 key ideas of sexology1. humans are born with a sexual nature
2. sexuality is at the core of what it means to be human
3. sexuality is a driving force in human behavior
4. sexual instinct is by nature heterosexual - 54importance of Freud's work1. sexuality is a pleasure instinct
2. normal sexuality includes a wide range of non procreative ideas
3. he viewed sexuality as a social phenomenon
4. sex is as much about fantasy as it is about physical sensation - 55stages of homosexualitypre 1880- criminalized behavior
1880- type of person
1970- positive identity thanks to the gay movement - 56arguments for naturalized heterosexuality in society-its the majority of the population
-its about procreation
-there is a natural fit (physically and mentally) - 57Karl Marxeconomic determinist= the economy is central to everything (how we live, how our family forms, our personalities)
critic of industrial capitalism:
-it represses personality and desexualizes laborers
-requires harsh discipline and rigidly controls sexuality - 58Nancy ChodorowReproductive mothering
-girls are more relationship oriented
-boys are more pleasure oriented
-boys have to separate from their mothers
-the family shapes our sexual self - 59Adrienne Richcompulsory heterosexuality=women are coerced into heterosexuality
Why?
-the romancing of sexuality (in movies)
-domestic violence or punishment for being gay
-economic systems (can't sign contracts) - 60Catherine Makkinonsexuality is an extension of mens power over women
-men have the power to define what feelings, desires, and behaviors and sexual
-men have the power to define a women's sexuality - 61Gayle Rubin"the traffic in women" all about how society transforms biological sexuality into products of human activity which satisfy sexual needs
"thinking sex" all about how social groups define behaviors as good/natural or bad/unnatural - 62Simon and Gagnonsexual script= a non individualized blueprint that helps us make sense of sexuality
3 levels of meaning making
-cultural scenarios
-interpersonal experiences
-the conversations in our head - 63sexual socializationwe learn sexual knowledge, norms, and expectations through interactions with others
Tearoom Trade:
studied anonymous homosexual behavior in public places and found that only 1/3 of the men observed publicly identify as gay - 64Jeffrey Weeksessentialism= sexuality is a basic and essential part of being human (innate)
vs
constructionism= sexuality is learned (not innate) - 65Jonathan Ned KatzInvention of heterosexuality
-1880's definition: deviant
-current definition: the norm
invention of homosexuality
-original definition: more about gender that sexuality
-current definition: deviant/stigmatized - 66Michele Foucalt: The history of sexualityrejects the repressive hypothesis= sexuality needed to be and was repressed during the victorian era
discourse of sexuality:
-an effort to control sexuality
-the church said you had to confess to your sexual acts
-sex became a focus of science
-we start criminalizing sexual acts - 67shift of heterosexualitywent from a behavior to an identity
went from reproductive to sexual desire
start of a gender crisis
-feminist movement
-mens jobs require less labor
-hetere reasserts gender differences
-homophobia emerges
-gender/sexual deviance is more stigmatized - 68sexual hierarchybeing heterosexual or perceived as heterosexual puts you in a privileged or dominant group
-the ability to marry (and it's financial benefits)
-privilege not to have to come out
-legal to discriminate against LGBT
-world of heterosexual media images - 69sexual politicsthe making and contesting of sexual hierarchies
- 70WW2 and homosexualityww2 dramatically changed things for lesbians and gays
-the army was the first time men and women were surrounded by those of the same sex
-after war instead of going home many congregated in big cities - 71cold war and homosexualityconservative era
McCarthyism= anticommunist and homophobic (you could be turned in for being "deviant")
-gays were banned from joining the military
-federal government purged labor of suspected gays
-homosexuality became a mental illness in 1973
-police raided gay bars (arrest=job loss) - 72Mattachine society and daughters of bilitismattachine: comprised of all men
daughters: lesbian group
both emerged in the col war period
met in secret
had a newspaper to spread info
were reform oriented (wanted to change peoples attitude toward gays)
interested in helping the individual - 73gay liberationiststhe problem isn't homosexuality, its homophobia
3 goals
1. to change a heterosexist and homophobic society
2. to revolt against being in the closet
3. to emphasize that homophobia was harmful to heterosexuals as well - 74lesbianism as a political choicea movement for full equality and an end to discrimination
and
improvement for gay youth (who have the highest suicide rate)`
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- Beschreibung
- Karteikarten am Deviant Behavior Final, erstellt von Jordyn Friedman am 11/12/2015.
- Erstellt von
- Jordyn Friedman · Dez 2015
- Aktualisiert
- 3 Feb 2018
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