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Battle of the Biospheres Revision Flashcards
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- 1Battle of the Biospheres Revision Flashcards
- 2What is an Ecosystem?A grouping of plants and animals that interact with each other and their local environment.
- 3What is a Biome?A large ecosystem - a grouping of plants and animals over a large area
- 4How many Biomes are there?8
- 5What are the 8 Biomes?Tundra
Taiga
Temperate Deciduous Forest
Scrub forest
Grassland
Desert
Tropical Rainforest
Temperate Rainforest - 6What is a Coniferous Biome?Coniferous forests are at higher latitudes where the Sun's rays are weak. Trees are adapted to the cold experienced here with needle-like leaves
- 7What is a Deciduous Biome?Deciduous forests have high rainfall and there are seasonal variations in the Sun's rays. Trees lose their leaves in the cool winters.
- 8What is a Tundra Biome?The tundra is within the Arctic Circle. This area receives little heat from the sun and there is little rainfall. Only tough, short grasses survive here.
- 9What is a Tropical Biome?Tropical rainforests are normally found near the equator. The temperature is hot and there is a lot of heavy rainfall.
- 10What is a Desert Biome?Deserts are close the tropics of Cancer and Capricorn. This is where hot dry air sinks down to the Earth's surface and the Sun's rays are concentrated making it very hot during the day.
- 11What does the Biosphere do for us?It regulates the gases that make up the atmosphere - plants absorb carbon dioxide and produce oxygen for us to breathe.
It regulates the water cycle - plants slow the flow of water to rivers and filter water to make it clean.
It keeps soil healthy for plants to grow - new nutrients are provided by rotting plant material. - 12What food does the biosphere provide us with?Fish
Meat
Fruits
Nuts
Berries - 13How are medicines provided by the biosphere?Plants used to make medicines
- e.g: quinine from bark, St John's wort, periwinkle - 14What are some raw materials provided by the biosphere?Timber
Bamboo
Rubber
Water
Oil and gas store carbon - 15What threats to the biosphere come from direct human impacts?Deforestation
Mining
Quarrying
Farming
Overfishing - 16What threats to the biosphere come from indirect human impacts?Pollution and climate change causing:
sea temperature rise
seawater acidification
melting of polar ice caps
changes in amounts of rainfall
treeline changes
stress within ecosystems due to rapid change. - 17What are some reasons for rainforest destruction?Timber used for buildings, furniture and fuel.
Land needed for agriculture such as growing crops or grazing animals
Mining and quarrying of minerals for the construction industry, jewellery, etc.
Transport routes
Building human settlements
Building dams and power stations to provide power. - 18What is Ramsar?Set up in 1971 by Iranis Ramsar an international treaty protects important wetlands by law.
Has been signed by over 153 states and protects over 1.5 million SQ km - 19What is CITES?Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species
Formed in 1960's to ensure sustainable trade between animals. Started because extinction was getting high.
Aims to make sure international trade between countries of wild animals is fair, safe and sustainable.
Over 30,000 species protected - 80% are plants - 20What is BAPs?What is BAPs?
- 21What is Tropical Rainforest Conservation?Started in 1980's to reduce the size of Guatemala's foreign debt to be reduced.
Protects areas from human action. It is important to maintain biodiversity. Round the equator. - 22What are National Parks?1991 when the UK government agreed to protect areas with beauty and national importance. Preserves and protects landscapes. Conserves natural beauty, wildlife & Culture. The UK has 14 Nation Parks.
- 23Where is The Kilum Forest?The Kilum forest is in the North West of Cameroon. It has Lake Oku lying in a crater in its center.
- 24What is happening in the Kilum Forest?There is a community-based forest management system to ensure sustainable use of the forest. Communities have control over implementing forest management. Local livelihoods are improved in ways which contribute to the conservation of the Kilum forest.
- 25What sustainable uses of the rainforest occur in Kilum?Forest Reserve protected area with minimum human interference.
Multiple zoning e.g. hunting, tourism, conservation.
Area of selective logging, no clear cut felling so a tree cover is maintained.
Reserves linked by natural corridors for migration. - 26How is the community involved in the management of Kilum Forest?Ecotourism.
Tree nurseries to replace cut down forest i.e. afforestation.
Long term leases/selective small-scale clearance with replanting.
Size of reserve is large enough to support wildlife. Tree cover is maintained on watershed. - 27How are the local livelihoods improved in Kilum Forest?Extractive reserve e.g. rubber, nuts.
Agroforestry - maintains biodiversity of agricultural land. Crops can be grown beneath the shade of banana trees.
Tree cover in watersheds reduces flood risk and improves water quality and quantity for villagers.
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- GCSE Geography Karteikarten am Battle of the Biospheres Revision Flashcards, erstellt von Livi_Eastman am 15/01/2016.
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