Karteikarten
data representation terms
Karten in diesem Stapel (12)
- 1OpcodeThe op-code tells the processor the job that needs to be done. A simple operation might be 'add' or 'subtract'. If we use the analogy of a recipe, the op-code might be 'chop' or 'mix'.
- 2MnemonicsAssembly language instructions use abbreviations called mnemonics. An example of a mnemonic assembly language instruction is LDA 50 which stores the value 50 into a register of the CPU. Mnemonics are easier for humans to remember and understand than binary machine code instructions.
- 3Assembly languageAssembly language is a low-level language which closely reflects how op-codes and operands work. It is much quicker for computers to convert assembly instructions to machine code than to convert high-level source code to machine code.
- 4Running a programSoftware programs are sets of instructions. For a CPU to execute these instructions, each one must first be translated into machine code – simple binary codes that activate parts of the CPU.
- 5The main parts of the CPUhttp://a.files.bbci.co.uk/bam/live/content/zpdngk7/medium
- 6Arithmetic logic unit (ALU)The ALU carries out calculations and makes decisions on the data sent to the processor.
- 7Control unit (CU)The CU, which is also called the controller, controls data moving through the processor, and controls the timing of operations and the instructions sent to the processor and the peripheral devices. The CU directs the system to carry out program instructions. It does the fetching, decoding, and managing of instructions.
- 8RegistersRegisters are also called internal memory or immediate access memory stores. A register is a small amount of fast temporary memory within the processor where the ALU or the CU can store and change values needed to execute instructions.
- 9TranslatorsA piece of translator software, which is usually included within programming software, converts high-level languages into machine code. These translators are known as compilers and interpreters. Programs are translated using either a compiler or interpreter.
- 10CompilerA compiler translates a human-readable program directly into an executable, machine-readable form before the program can run.
- 11InterpreterAn interpreter translates a human-readable program into an executable, machine-readable form, instruction by instruction. It then executes each translated instruction before moving on to the next one. A program is translated every time it is run. Python is an example of an interpreted language.
- 12OperandThe operand specifies the data that needs to be acted on. The operand can also refer to a place in memory, such as a register.
Informationen
- Beschreibung
- packets : data is sent over a network
- Erstellt von
- nelson woo
- Aufrufe
- 4
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