Karteikarten
Social construction of crime and deviance: media, police, courts
Karten in diesem Stapel (15)
- 1Social Construction of Crime and Deviance-Stanley Cohen:
Moral Panics of Mods and Rockers:
The Mods vs Rockers media hype in the late1960’s.According to the media the violence between the ‘Mods’ and ‘Rockers’ was a national problem that represented the decay of society.
Cohen reached very different conclusions compared to what the media was reporting - 21.The violence that the media reported was actually minimal. 2.The majority of young people at the seaside during these so called riot were not mods or rockers. 3. The media seemed to have painted a picture of events and sensationalised the clashes between these two groups.-Goode and Ben Yehuda:
They said Moral Panic had five features.
1.Increased public concern over the behaviour of a group.
2.Increased Hostility towards the group.
3.A level of public disagreement that there is a real threat and that it is caused by the group.
4.Public concern is out of proportion to the real harm caused by the group.
5.Moral panics appear and disappear very quickly. - 3The MediaLeslie Wilkins:
Argues that when acts are defined as deviant, the deviants become stigmatised and cut off from mainstream society. They become aware others see them as deviant because of this they develop their own subculture which leads to intense pressure, further isolation which further confirms their deviance. - 4The PoliceBecker- Interactionist:
Police target specific groups, acts labelled deviant tend to be committed by certain types of people. - 5Reiner- Interactionist : Police hold stereotypes of ‘typical criminal’.Cicourel - Interactionist :
Studied police and they held a stereotype and those who fit this was likely to be stopped, searched, arrested and charged. - 6Holdaway- Interactionist: Police canteen culture is still characterised by racist language, jokes and banter and this racist culture an often underpins the decision to stop black Britons.Pollak- Feminist:
Police less likely to arrest females.
Women get away with crime, the crime statistics underestimate the amount of female crime committed. - 7Allen-Feminist: The police and courts are lenient towards female offenders.Dobash and Dobash-Feminist:
Police less likely to arrest for domestic violence. - 8Jock Young-Left Realist: The police are seen to play am important part in the CJS. If they are seen acting unfairly then this would lead to more disorder. The police need to cooperate with the marginalised groups.Wilson-Right Realist:
In order to maintain social order the police is needed. - 9Chambliss-Marxist: The police time is spent with minor offences than serious offences this will affect how many offences are recorded.Box- Marxist:
The law is applied selectively to criminalise the working class and hide the true deviants. - 10The CourtsBecker-Interactionist:
Noted that the agents of social control such as the police and CJS work on behalf of the politically powerful groups to apply these labels to less powerful groups. - 11Rodger Hood-Interactionist: Did a study and found that blacks were more likely than whites to receive a sentence for similar crimes.Sharp and Budd-Interactionist:
Found that black youths have lower offence levels than white but are still likely to b arrested and convicted. - 12Smart-Feminist: ‘Rape on Trial’- quotes statements made by trial judges as evidence shows that women are treated harshly by the CJS with rape trials. ‘Women who say no do not always mean no. If she doesn’t want it she only had to keep her legs shut’- Judge Wild.Campbell-Feminist:
Female suspects were more likely to be cautioned rather than prosecuted (1990, 29% females, 49% males). - 13Walby and Allen-Feminist: In 2004, 36% of women reported an experience of domestic violence , stalking and sexual victimisation. The police and court procedures serve to discourage these women from reporting crimes that have been committed against them.Heidonsohn-Feminist:
Women are treated more harshly when they deviate from societal norms of female sexuality. Sexually promiscuous girls are more likely to be taken in to care. Courts are often reluctant to imprison mothers with young children. - 14Pollak-Feminist: Men are socialised to be chivalrous and are likely to punish women less than men.Allen-Feminist:
Courts are more lenient to women. - 15Marxist: White collar crimes rarely prosecuted which means the law does not define criminals of the upper class and instead work in favour of them.
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- A-Level Revision Tracker Karteikarten am Ohne Titel, erstellt von Beth Vickers am 23/03/2016.
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