Karteikarten
Lecture 5
Karten in diesem Stapel (18)
- 1Laryngeal examinationindirect laryngoscopy
direct laryngoscopy
fiberoptic laryngoscopy
-flexible
-rigid
stroboscopy
high speed imaging - 2Indirect laryngoscopyprocedure: mirror inserted into oropharynx, position to relfect VF, mirror warmed, tongue pulled forward.
quick, minimal pain/trauma.
limitations: gag, view may be difficult, P cant speak normally - 3Direct laryngoscopyprocedure: hospitalisation, anesthesia, endoscope inserted directly into oropharynx and close to larynx.
Advantages: detailed exam, biopsies, enable manipulation of structures.
Limitations: invasive, costly, unable to observe laryngeal function - 4Fiberoscopic (rigid)procedure: rigid tube inserted into oropharynx, tongue pulled forward,
limitations: limits speech and laryngeal activity, restricted access to laryngeal cavity - 5Fiberoscopic (flexible)procedure: passed through nasal cavity over soft palate, local anesthetic required, scope positioned slightly above epiglottis.
advantages: flexibility, zoom lens, P able to speak and sing, all ages, overcomes gag - 6Stroboscopyprocedure: stroboscropic light source (rigid or flexible), enables detailed view of vibratory behaviour of VF, strobe light emits rapid pulses at rate controlled by examiner.
basic principle: light pulse=vocal frequency (static image), slow motion image.
parameters: symmetry, regularity, closure, amplitude, mucosal wave, lesions and effects - 7High speed imagingimaging of VF up to 2000 frames per second
allows clearer examination of VF vibration
costly
for research purposes - 8Physiological Examinationelectro-glottography (EGG)
laryngeal aerodynamics
electro-myography (EMG)
respiratory function - 9EGG2 electrodes placed externally on thyroid cartilage, small electrical current passes through.
VF ab - no current passes through
VF ad - current passes through
changes in flow=glottal cycle - Lx waveform
Laryngograph
normal (sharp closure, gradual open)
breathy (too long open phase)
harsh (too short open phase)
limitations: electrode placement, P movement - 10Laryngeal Aerodynamicsparameters: airflow rate, subglottal pressure, SPL, laryngeal resistance, ad/ab rate of VF
instrumentation: aeroplane ll (Kay Elementrics - 11EMGmeasures electrical activity of muscles
direct - electrodes inserted
indirect - surface electrodes
parameters: onset and offset activity, pattern, amplitude, abnormal.
uses: diagnosis, predictions, guiding botox injections - 12Respiratory FunctionSpirometry: vital capacity and forced (expiratory) vital capacity. (FEV1)=FEV in 1st sec of FVC.
Kinematic Ax: recodeing of changes in circumference of RC and AB, determines presence of asynchronous or arrhythmic repiratory behavious.
instrumentation=respitrace
interpretation= normal (equal contribution of RC and AB to lung volume reduction)
also measures: freq. paradoxing, mean syllables/breath, max phonation time, speaking rate - 13Acoustic Analysisvisipitch
computerised speech lab
phonetogram/voice range profile
praat - 14Visipitchreal time delay of Fo and energy of voice
parameters: average Fo and range, average intensity and range, frequency perturbation (shimmer), noise-to-harmonic ratio - 15CSLsimilar parameters to Visipitch
more sophisticated
spectrograms - reflex properties of VF vibration and vocal tract - 16Voice Range Profilemeasures the max phonational pitch and intensity range, 2D visual, graphical representation, intensity plotted against frequency, profile area=max phonational capacity of individual
- 17Praatacoustic analysis freeware
purpose: assess voice quality using acoustic analysis, extract energy info using spectrographic frequency and pertubation methods.
2 data methods: acoustic signal typing using spectrogram, voice report - 18report writingbackground info, results of evaluation, clinical impressions, recommendations
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- Beschreibung
- Instrumental Assessment & Report Writing
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- alicecartwright9
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