939036
Description
Mind Map by mcgowan-w-10, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by mcgowan-w-10
almost 10 years ago
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IB SL Biology: Membranes
- Fluid Mosaic Model
- Phospholipid bilayer
- Phospholipid molecules
- Hydrophobic hydrocarbon tail
- Attracted to each other; on inside of membrane
- Attracted to each other; on inside of membrane
- Hydrophilic hydrocarbon head
- Attracted to water; on outsides of membrane
- Attracted to water; on outsides of membrane
- Hydrophobic hydrocarbon tail
- Very stable
- Fluid
- Allows change of shape
- Allows vesicles to be pinched off
- Allows vesicles to be fused to membrane
- Allows vesicles to be fused to membrane
- Allows vesicles to be pinched off
- Allows change of shape
- Integral proteins
- float loosely in membrane
- Cannot be removed easily without damage
- Cannot be removed easily without damage
- float loosely in membrane
- Peripheral proteins
- On surface of protein; little movement
- Simple removal without damage
- Simple removal without damage
- On surface of protein; little movement
- Cholesterol
- Makes membrane more fluid
- Makes membrane more fluid
- Glycoproteins
- Body recognition; sticks to other glycoproteins to form tissues
- Body recognition; sticks to other glycoproteins to form tissues
- Membrane proteins
- Hormone binding sites
- Allows hormone to bind to site of protein
- Signal transmitted to inside of cell
- Signal transmitted to inside of cell
- Allows hormone to bind to site of protein
- Enzymes
- Catalyse reactions
- AS outside: catalysed outside
- AS inside: catalysed inside
- AS inside: catalysed inside
- AS outside: catalysed outside
- Catalyse reactions
- Glycoproteins
- cell-to-cell communication
- cell adhesion
- cell adhesion
- cell-to-cell communication
- Channels for passive transport
- Allows specific substances across membrane
- Allows specific substances across membrane
- Pumps for active transport
- Release energy from ATP
- Used to move specific substances across membrane
- Used to move specific substances across membrane
- Release energy from ATP
- Hormone binding sites
- Phospholipid molecules
- Phospholipid bilayer
- Transport
- Passive
- Diffusion
- Passive, net movement of particles from
a region of higher conc. to a region of
lower conc., as a result of the
random motion of particles
- Simple diffusion
- Simple diffusion
- Facilitated diffusion
- Channel proteins
- Allow specific substances across the membrane
- Allow specific substances across the membrane
- Channel proteins
- Passive, net movement of particles from
a region of higher conc. to a region of
lower conc., as a result of the
random motion of particles
- Osmosis
- Passive, net movement of
water molecules from a
region of low solute conc. to a
region of higher solute conc.,
across a partially permeable
membrane
- Attractions between water molecules and solute particles
- Attractions between water molecules and solute particles
- Passive, net movement of
water molecules from a
region of low solute conc. to a
region of higher solute conc.,
across a partially permeable
membrane
- Diffusion
- Active
- Movement of substances across
membranes using energy from ATP
- Can move substances against concentration gradient
- Can move substances against concentration gradient
- Protein pumps
- Different pumps for different substances
- Only work in one direction
- Only work in one direction
- 1. Particle enters
pump from side with
lower conc.
- 2. Particle
binds to
specific site
- 3. Energy from
ATP changes shape
of pump
- 4. Particle is released on side
with higher conc. and pump
returns to original shape
- 4. Particle is released on side
with higher conc. and pump
returns to original shape
- 3. Energy from
ATP changes shape
of pump
- 2. Particle
binds to
specific site
- Different pumps for different substances
- Movement of substances across
membranes using energy from ATP
- Vesicles
- Transport within cell
- Ribosomes synthesise proteins
- Proteins enter rER
- Vesicles bud off rER and carry
proteins to Golgi apparatus
- Vesicles bud off Golgi apparatus
and carry mod. proteins to
plasma membrane
- Vesicles bud off Golgi apparatus
and carry mod. proteins to
plasma membrane
- Vesicles bud off rER and carry
proteins to Golgi apparatus
- Proteins enter rER
- Ribosomes synthesise proteins
- Endocytosis
- Part of plasma membrane is pulled inward
with subs. on outside
- Subs. enclosed in vesicle when pinched off
- Vesicle then free to move with
contents through cytoplasm
- Vesicle then free to move with
contents through cytoplasm
- Subs. enclosed in vesicle when pinched off
- Part of plasma membrane is pulled inward
with subs. on outside
- Exocytosis
- Vesicle fuses with plasma membrane
- Contents of vesicle expelled
- Membrane flattens out
- Membrane flattens out
- Contents of vesicle expelled
- Vesicle fuses with plasma membrane
- Transport within cell
- Passive
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