Módulo 32 de 39 · Texto
Dilutions
Dilutions
Adding water to an acid or a base dilutes the solution, making it less acidic or less basic.
- Water added to acid: The [H+] concentration of a solution decreases, and the pH increases towards 7.
- Each time the H+ concentration is diluted tenfold, the pH number goes up 1 unit.
- Water added to base: The [OH –] concentration of a solution decreases, which increases [H+] concentration, and the pH decreases towards 7.
***An acid can never be turned into a base by diluting it with water, and a base can never be turned into an acid by diluting it with water.
Diluting a solution reduces the number of moles of solute per unit volume, but the total number of moles of solute in solution does not change
The total number of moles of solute remains unchanged upon dilution, so you can use this equation:
M₁ x V₁ = M₂ x V₂
M₁ and V₁ are the molarity and volume of the initial solution, and M₂ and V₂ are the molarity and volume of the diluted solution.
Dilute solutions are less acidic and less basic than
more concentrated solutions.
• Dilution of an acid or a base results in a solution that
is increasingly neutral.
• It is not possible to go past a pH of 7 when diluting an
acid or a base.