11115763
Descripción
Test por Michael Jardine, actualizado hace más de 1 año
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Creado por Michael Jardine
hace más de 6 años
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Pregunta 1
Pregunta
What is Tb?
(just imagine the "b" is subscript)
[blank_start]__________[blank_end]
Respuesta
-
Body Temperature
Pregunta 2
Pregunta
What is Ta?
(just imagine the "a" is subscript)
[blank_start]__________[blank_end]
Respuesta
-
Ambient Temperature
Pregunta 3
Pregunta
"Homeotherm" means:
Respuesta
-
"one body temperature"
-
Homeoerotically "hot"
-
Self-heating
Pregunta 4
Pregunta
Tb varies with circadian rhythm by up to 1 degree. When is it lowest and highest?
(again, imagine the "b" is subscript)
Respuesta
-
3-6am lowest; 3-6pm highest
-
3-6am highest; 3-6pm lowest
-
12-3am lowest; 12-3pm highest
-
12-3am highest; 12-3pm lowest
Pregunta 5
Pregunta
Tb varies with the menstrual cycle, usually increasing ~0.5-1°C during the:
(again, imagine the "b" is subscript)
Respuesta
-
Post-ovulatory phase
-
Post-menstrual phase
-
Follicular phase
-
Post-follicular phase
Pregunta 6
Pregunta
Babies are less able to maintain Tb. Why?
(just imagine the "b" is subscript)
(select all that apply)
Respuesta
-
Don’t readily shiver or sweat
-
High surface-mass ratio
-
They’re dumb
Pregunta 7
Pregunta
During a fever (or exercise), the normal Tb is:
(just imagine the "b" is subscript)
Respuesta
-
34-36°C
-
36-38°C
-
38-40°C
-
40-42°C
Pregunta 8
Pregunta
True or false: Old people also have less effective regulation, due in part to their reduced ability to dissipate heat. One reason for this is sweat gland atrophy.
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 9
Pregunta
True or false: Old people also have less effective regulation, due in part to their reduced ability to generate heat. One reason for this is sweat gland atrophy.
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 10
Pregunta
E = G + T*S
E = [blank_start]___[blank_end]
G = [blank_start]___[blank_end]
T = [blank_start]___[blank_end]
S = [blank_start]___[blank_end]
Respuesta
-
Total internal energy
-
Energy emitted from a system
-
disposable ("Good") energy
-
energy Gained by a system
-
absolute Temperature
-
Thermodynamic energy within a system
-
Temperature increase
-
entropy
-
total energy within a System
Pregunta 11
Pregunta
True or false: an Endotherm is an organism that can generate its own heat.
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 12
Pregunta
True or false: Metabolism is defined as all the chemical processes involved in energy production, energy release, and growth.
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 13
Pregunta
Anabolic vs Catabolic:
Respuesta
-
Anabolic = FORMATION of substances
-
Anabolic = BREAKDOWN of substances
-
Catabolic = FORMATION of substances
-
Catabolic = BREAKDOWN of substances
Pregunta 14
Pregunta
Metabolic Rate (MR) = the rate at which energy is consumed during:
(select all that apply)
Respuesta
-
internal work
-
external work
-
energy expenditure / unit of time
-
energy expenditure (independent of a unit of time)
Pregunta 15
Pregunta
BMR vs RMR
The difference between BASAL metabolic rate and RESTING metabolic rate is:
Respuesta
-
Both are idling, but Basal is during minimal part of the day
-
Both are idling, but Resting is during minimal part of the day
Pregunta 16
Pregunta
Metabolic Rate (MR) depends on:
(select all that apply)
Respuesta
-
Muscle activity (voluntary)
-
Muscle activity (involuntary)
-
Certain hormones
-
A rise in tissue temperature itself
Pregunta 17
Pregunta
Hormones that can influence Metabolic Rate (MR) include Thyroxine and Adrenaline. What effect can they have?
Respuesta
-
Adrenaline increases MR; Thyroxine decreases MR.
-
Adrenaline decreases MR; Thyroxine increases MR.
-
Both DECREASE MR.
-
Both INCREASE MR.
Pregunta 18
Pregunta
Under resting conditions, the rate of heat production is:
Respuesta
-
~80 kcal/h
-
~400-600 kcal/h
-
~80-120 kcal/h
-
~120-160 kcal/h
-
~800 kcal/h
Pregunta 19
Pregunta
During a fast walk or jog, Metabolic Rate (MR) is increased to 400-600 kcal/h. In the absence of compensatory heat loss (sweating etc), this extra thermal load would increase Body Temperature by how much?
Respuesta
-
1°C every 8-10 minutes
-
1°C every minute
-
1°C every hour
-
1°C every 10-20 minutes
-
1°C every 1-2 hours
Pregunta 20
Pregunta
The most common method to measure metabolic rate is:
Respuesta
-
Indirect calorimetry
-
Guesswork?
Pregunta 21
Pregunta
Animals including the stripe-faced dunnart (Sminthopsis macroura) are heterothermic. Heterotherms are:
Respuesta
-
Able to maintain homeothermic thermoregulation, but sometimes can enter torpor.
-
Animals which maintain thermoregulation collectively.
Pregunta 22
Pregunta
Torpor vs Hibernation.
What's the difference?
Respuesta
-
Torpor lasts less than a day; Hibernation lasts longer than a day.
-
Torpor lasts less than a day; Hibernation is a multiday series of torpor bouts.
Pregunta 23
Pregunta
Torpor and hibernation use are found in which groups:
(select all that apply)
Respuesta
-
Artiodactyls (even toed ungulates - e.g. sheep, cattle, pigs, camels, goats)
-
Certiodactyls (marine mammals - e.g. whales, dolphins, porpoises)
-
Perissodactyls (odd-toed ungulates - e.g. horses, rhinoceroses)
-
Monotremes (e.g. echidnas)
-
Marsupials (e.g. pygmy possums)
-
Primates (e.g. Antivaxxers)
-
Insectivores (Eulipotypla: European shrews and hedgehogs; Afrotheria: tenrecs and elephant shrews)
-
Carnivores (badgers and bears)
-
Rodents (e.g. ground squirrels and hamsters)
-
Bats
Pregunta 24
Pregunta
Are there Aussie birds which hibernate?
Respuesta
-
Yeah
-
Nah
Pregunta 25
Pregunta
"Super-hibernator":
This is fucking awesome - the arctic ground squirrel hibernates at body temperatures of ~0°C! around the lips is at (or slightly above) zero, while some other parts (including colon) get BELOW 0°C.
Yeah, this is true. So cool, though (geddit?? ...sigh).
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 26
Pregunta
Current view of the efferent mechanisms of thermoregulation.
Label the three appropriate areas.
Respuesta
-
Hypothalamic preoptic area
-
Dorsomedial hypothalamus
-
Raphe nuclei in medulla oblongata
-
Hypothalamic preoptic area
-
Dorsomedial hypothalamus
-
Raphe nuclei in medulla oblongata
-
Hypothalamic preoptic area
-
Dorsomedial hypothalamus
-
Raphe nuclei in medulla oblongata
Pregunta 27
Pregunta
True or false: Brown Fat / Brown Adipose Tissue (“BAT”) can induce non-shivering thermogenesis in the absence of muscle stimulus.
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 28
Pregunta
During cold exposure, [blank_start]__________[blank_end] [blank_start]__________[blank_end] release activates BAT by stimulation of lipolysis and “futile” UCP1-dependent mitochondrial respiration.
Respuesta
-
Sympathetic
-
Parasympathetic
-
Norepinephrine (/noradrenaline)
-
Epinephrine (/adrenaline)
Pregunta 29
Pregunta
True or false: UCP1 is found in significant levels in the cortex of non-torpor mammals.
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 30
Pregunta
UCP1 is:
[blank_start]_____[blank_end] [blank_start]_____[blank_end] [blank_start]_____[blank_end] 1
Respuesta
-
Un-
-
Universal
-
Progenitor
-
Protein
-
Coupling
-
Cold-sensitive
-
Climate-sensitive
Pregunta 31
Pregunta
Which of the 4 ways of heat loss is the most physiologically significant (under normal conditions)?
Respuesta
-
Radiation
-
Conduction
-
Convection
-
Evaporation
Pregunta 32
Pregunta
Hot flushes usually last how long?
Respuesta
-
1-5 min
-
5-10 min
-
10-15 min
-
15-30 min
-
30-60 min
Pregunta 33
Pregunta
Hot flushes are believed to occur because of:
Respuesta
-
Oestrogen withdrawal
-
Progesterone withdrawal
-
Changes in the uterine epithelium
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