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Pregunta 1
Pregunta
The process of assigning cause to our own behaviour, and that of others.
Respuesta
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Attribution (p. 84)
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Hedonic Relevance (p. 87)
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Personalism (p. 87)
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Consistency Information (p. 87)
Pregunta 2
Pregunta
Model of social cognition that characterises people as using rational, scientific-like, cause–effect analyses to understand their world.
Respuesta
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Heider’s Theory of Naive Psychology (p. 85)
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Jones and Davis’ Theory of Correspondent Inference (p. 86)
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Kelley’s Covariation Model (p. 87)
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Conspiracy Theories (p. 108)
Pregunta 3
Pregunta
Three Principles of Naïve Psychology (p. 85)
Respuesta
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Looking for behaviour causes to discover other people’s motives.
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Focus on stable and enduring properties.
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Distinguish between personal factors.
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Behaviour freely chosen.
Pregunta 4
Pregunta
Explanation of behaviour due to internal reasoning such as personality.
Respuesta
-
Dispositional Attribution (p. 85)
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Situational Attribution (p. 85)
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Hedonic Relevance (p. 87)
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Personalism (p. 87)
Pregunta 5
Pregunta
Explanation of behaviour due to external reasoning such as environment.
Respuesta
-
Dispositional Attribution (p. 85)
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Situational Attribution (p. 85)
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Hedonic Relevance (p. 87)
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Personalism (p. 87)
Pregunta 6
Pregunta
A theory explaining how people infer that a person’s behaviour corresponds to an underlying disposition or personality trait.
Respuesta
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Jones and Davis’ Theory of Correspondent Inference (p. 86)
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Heider’s Theory of Naive Psychology (p. 85)
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Kelley’s Covariation Model (p. 87)
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Conspiracy Theories (p. 108)
Pregunta 7
Pregunta
Five Sources of Information or Cues to Make a Correspondent Inference.
Respuesta
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Behaviour Freely Chosen (p. 86)
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Non-Common Effects (p. 86)
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Behaviour Social Desirability (p. 86)
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Hedonic Relevance (p. 87)
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Personalism (p. 87)
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Consistency Information (p. 87)
Pregunta 8
Pregunta
The act was freely chosen.
Respuesta
-
Behaviour Freely Chosen (p. 86)
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Non-Common Effects (p. 86)
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Behaviour Social Desirability (p. 86)
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Personalism (p. 87)
Pregunta 9
Pregunta
Effects of behaviour that are relatively exclusive to that behaviour rather than other behaviours.
Respuesta
-
Hedonic Relevance (p. 87)
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Non-Common Effects (p. 86)
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Behaviour Social Desirability (p. 86)
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Personalism (p. 87)
Pregunta 10
Pregunta
Behaviour likely to be controlled by societal norms.
Respuesta
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Personalism (p. 87)
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Hedonic Relevance (p. 87)
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Behaviour Social Desirability (p. 86)
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Non-Common Effects (p. 86)
Pregunta 11
Pregunta
Refers to behaviour that has important direct consequences for self.
Respuesta
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Behaviour Freely Chosen (p. 86)
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Behaviour Social Desirability (p. 86)
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Hedonic Relevance (p. 87)
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Personalism (p. 87)
Pregunta 12
Pregunta
Behaviour that appears to be directly intended to benefit or harm oneself rather than others.
Respuesta
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Behaviour Freely Chosen (p. 86)
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Behaviour Social Desirability (p. 86)
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Hedonic Relevance (p. 87)
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Personalism (p. 87)
Pregunta 13
Pregunta
A theory of causal attribution whereby people assign the cause of behaviour to the factor that covaries most closely with the behaviour.
Respuesta
-
Heider’s Theory of Naive Psychology (p. 85)
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Jones and Davis’ Theory of Correspondent Inference (p. 86)
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Kelley’s Covariation Model (p. 87)
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Conspiracy Theory (p. 108)
Pregunta 14
Pregunta
Three Classes of Information Associated with the Co-Occurrence of a Certain Action.
Respuesta
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Consistency Information (p. 87)
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Distinctiveness Information (p. 87)
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Consensus Information (p. 87)
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Behaviour Freely Chosen (p. 86)
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Levelling (p. 107)
Pregunta 15
Pregunta
Information about the extent to which a behaviour Y always co-occurs with a stimulus X.
Respuesta
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Consistency Information (p. 87)
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Distinctiveness Information (p. 87)
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Consensus Information (p. 87)
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Correlation (p. 13)
Pregunta 16
Pregunta
Information about whether a person’s reaction occurs only with one stimulus, or is a common reaction to many stimuli.
Respuesta
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Consistency Information (p. 87)
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Distinctiveness Information (p. 87)
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Consensus Information (p. 87)
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Confounding (p. 10)
Pregunta 17
Pregunta
Information about the extent to which other people react in the same way to a stimulus X.
Respuesta
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Consistency Information (p. 87)
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Distinctiveness Information (p. 87)
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Consensus Information (p. 87)
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External Validity (p. 12)
Pregunta 18
Pregunta
Experience-based beliefs about how certain types of cause interact to produce an effect.
Respuesta
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Causal Schemata (p. 89)
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The Actor-Observer Effect (p. 97-98)
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Illusion of Control (p. 100)
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Hedonic Relevance (p. 87)
Pregunta 19
Pregunta
A tendency for people to over-attribute behaviour to stable underlying personality dispositions.
Respuesta
-
Correspondence Bias (or Fundamental Attribution Error) (p. 95)
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Outcome Bias (p. 86)
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Ultimate Attribution Error (p. 102)
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Personalism (p. 87)
Pregunta 20
Pregunta
Belief that the outcomes of a behaviour were intended by the person who chose the behaviour.
Respuesta
-
Correspondence Bias (or Fundamental Attribution Error) (p. 95)
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Outcome Bias (p. 86)
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Ultimate Attribution Error (p. 102)
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Personalism (p. 87)
Pregunta 21
Pregunta
Tendency to consider behaviour to reflect underlying and immutable, often innate, properties of people for the groups they belong to.
Respuesta
-
Essentialism (p. 96)
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Ultimate Attribution Error (p. 102)
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Stereotype (p. 103)
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Behaviour Social Desirability (p. 86)
Pregunta 22
Pregunta
Tendency to attribute our own behaviours externally and others’ behaviours internally.
Respuesta
-
The Actor-Observer Effect (p. 97-98)
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Correspondence Bias (or Fundamental Attribution Error) (p. 95)
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Ultimate Attribution Error (p. 102)
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Outcome Bias (p. 86)
Pregunta 23
Pregunta
A tendency to see your own behaviour as more typical than it really is.
Respuesta
-
The False Consensus Effect (p. 98-99)
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Self-Serving Bias (p. 99)
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Causal Schemata (p. 89)
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Consistency Information (p. 87)
Pregunta 24
Pregunta
Attributional distortions that protect or enhance self-esteem or the self-concept.
Respuesta
-
Self-Serving Biases (p. 99)
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Correspondence Bias (or Fundamental Attribution Error) (p. 95)
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Consistency Information (p. 87)
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Sharpening (p. 107)
Pregunta 25
Pregunta
Select the all the types of self-serving bias.
Respuesta
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Self-Handicapping (p. 100)
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Illusion of Control (p. 100)
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Belief in a Just World (p. 100-101)
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Outcome Bias (p. 86)
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Sharpening (p. 107)
Pregunta 26
Pregunta
Publicly making advance external attributions for our anticipated failure or poor performance in a forthcoming event.
Respuesta
-
Self-Handicapping (p. 100)
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Illusion of Control (p. 100)
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Belief in a Just World (p. 100-101)
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Levelling (p. 107)
Pregunta 27
Pregunta
Belief that we have more control over our world than we really do.
Respuesta
-
Self-Handicapping (p. 100)
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Illusion of Control (p. 100)
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Belief in a Just World (p. 100-101)
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The False Consensus Effect (p. 98-99)
Pregunta 28
Pregunta
Belief that the world is a just and predictable place where good things happen to ‘good people’ and bad things happen to ‘bad people’.
Respuesta
-
Self-Handicapping (p. 100)
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Illusion of Control (p. 100)
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Belief in a Just World (p. 100-101)
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Levelling (p. 107)
Pregunta 29
Pregunta
Process of assigning the cause of one’s own or others’ behaviour to group membership.
Respuesta
-
Intergroup Attribution (p. 102)
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Stereotype (p. 103)
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Social Representations (p. 105)
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Behaviour Social Desirability (p. 86)
Pregunta 30
Pregunta
Evaluative preference for all aspects of our own group relative to other groups.
Respuesta
-
Ethnocentrism (p. 102)
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Ultimate Attribution Error (p. 102)
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Stereotype (p. 103)
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Sharpening (p. 107)
Pregunta 31
Pregunta
Tendency to attribute bad outgroup and good ingroup behaviour internally and attribute good outgroup and bad ingroup behaviour externally.
Respuesta
-
Ultimate Attribution Error (p. 102)
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Correspondence Bias (or Fundamental Attribution Error) (p. 95)
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Outcome Bias (p. 86)
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Stereotype (p. 103)
Pregunta 32
Pregunta
Collectively elaborated explanations of unfamiliar and complex phenomena that transform them into a familiar and simple form.
Respuesta
-
Stereotype (p. 103)
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Social Representations (p. 105)
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Intergroup Attribution (p. 102)
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Causal Schemata (p. 89)
Pregunta 33
Pregunta
Three processes associated with rumour transmission
Respuesta
-
Levelling (p. 107)
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Sharpening (p. 107)
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Assimilation (p. 107)
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Causal Schemata (p. 89)
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Distinctiveness Information (p. 87)
Pregunta 34
Pregunta
The rumour quickly becomes shortened, less detailed and less complex.
Respuesta
-
Levelling (p. 107)
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Sharpening (p. 107)
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Assimilation (p. 107)
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Distinctiveness Information (p. 87)
Pregunta 35
Pregunta
Certain features of the rumour are selectively emphasised and exaggerated.
Respuesta
-
Levelling (p. 107)
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Sharpening (p. 107)
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Assimilation (p. 107)
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Essentialism (p. 96)
Pregunta 36
Pregunta
The rumour is distorted in line with people’s pre-existing prejudices, partialities, interests and agendas.
Respuesta
-
Levelling (p. 107)
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Sharpening (p. 107)
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Assimilation (p. 107)
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Consensus Information (p. 87)
Pregunta 37
Pregunta
Explanation of wide spread, complex and worrying events in terms of the premeditated actions of small groups of highly organised conspirators.
Respuesta
-
Heider’s Theory of Naive Psychology (p. 85)
-
Jones and Davis’ Theory of Correspondent Inference (p. 86)
-
Kelley’s Covariation Model (p. 87)
-
Conspiracy Theories (p. 108)
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