2937843
Pregunta 1
Pregunta
A physical cycle is the reversible changes in non-living aspects
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 2
Pregunta
A biogeochemical cycle refers to geology
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 3
Pregunta
Identify examples of physical cycles in Earth Systems (2 answers)
Respuesta
-
Reproduction
-
Rock cycle (atoms being rearranged in rocks)
-
Supercontinental cycle (plate tectonic movement)
Pregunta 4
Pregunta
Identify examples of biogeochemical cycles (2 answers)
Respuesta
-
Carbon cycle (regulating climate)
-
Hydrological cycle (water cycle)
-
Rock cycle (rearrangement of atoms)
Pregunta 5
Pregunta
What are the four principal Earth Systems? (4 answers)
Respuesta
-
Atmosphere, Biosphere, Geosphere, Hydrosphere
-
Biosphere, Geologicalsphere, Chemsphere, Hydrosphere
-
Photosphere, Transphere, Atmosphere, Geosphere
Pregunta 6
Pregunta
What are examples of short-time scales? (2 answers)
Respuesta
-
Global warming
-
Deforestation
-
Climate change
Pregunta 7
Pregunta
What are examples of long-time scales? (2 answers)
Respuesta
-
Population growth
-
Climate change
-
Mass extinction
Pregunta 8
Pregunta
How can changes vary? (3 answers)
Respuesta
-
Type of change
-
Frequency (how often it occurs)
-
Underlying cause
-
Level of importance/devastation
Pregunta 9
Pregunta
A mineral is a rock
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 10
Pregunta
Most rocks are composed of more than one type of mineral
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 11
Pregunta
What defines a mineral? (6 answers)
Respuesta
-
Naturally occuring
-
Solid
-
Crystalline (an ordered crystalline structure based on atomic patterns also known as 'crystal lattice')
-
Orderly arrangement of atoms
-
Usually inorganic
-
Only found in volcanoes
-
Contain carbon-hydrogen bonds
Pregunta 12
Pregunta
How is a mineral tested for identification? (9 answers)
Respuesta
-
Colour
-
Streak
-
Lustre
-
Hardness
-
Specific gravity (density)
-
Crystal habit/form
-
Cleavage/fracture
-
Magnetism
-
Taste/touch
-
State of matter (liquid, gas, solid)
Pregunta 13
Pregunta
Colour is a reliable source of identification
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 14
Pregunta
Mafic rocks contain dark-coloured minerals.
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 15
Pregunta
Felsic rocks contain light-coloured minerals.
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 16
Pregunta
The Mohs Hardness Scale is used for rocks only.
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 17
Pregunta
Identify the ideal shape (morphology) of crystal habit in minerals. (8 answers)
Respuesta
-
Cube
-
Octahedra
-
Blade
-
Hexagonal Prism
-
Dodecahedra
-
Compound Form
-
Rhombahedra
-
Tetragonal Prism
-
Irregular
Pregunta 18
Pregunta
What are the types of cleavage? (4 answers)
Respuesta
-
Planar (basal) - 1 direction
-
Prismatic - 2 directions at 90 degrees
-
Cubic - 3 directions all at 90 degrees
-
Orthorhombic - 3 directions not at 90 degrees
-
Isosceles - 2 directions at 60 degrees
Pregunta 19
Pregunta
The Earth's crust is composed of silicate minerals (a type of salt made up of silicon and oxygen)
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 20
Pregunta
Plate tectonics do not predict earth's behaviour.
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 21
Pregunta
Seismology is the study of earthquakes.
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 22
Pregunta
What do earthquakes do?
Respuesta
-
Generate energy waves
-
Directly kill people
-
Open up and swallow people
Pregunta 23
Pregunta
There are three main layers of earth (crust, mantle, core)
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 24
Pregunta
The further you explore earth, the thinner the layering and the lower the density (pressure).
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 25
Pregunta
What are the elements in the crust? (8 answers)
Respuesta
-
Si (Silicon)
-
O (Oxygen)
-
Al (Aluminium)
-
Fe (Iron)
-
Ca (Calcium)
-
Na (Sodium)
-
K (Potassium)
-
Mg (Magnesium)
-
Cu (Copper)
Pregunta 26
Pregunta
Continental crust is thicker than oceanic crust
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 27
Pregunta
Continental crust is more dense than oceanic crust
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 28
Pregunta
Continental crust is mafic and oceanic crust is felsic
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 29
Pregunta
The 'Moho' is the crust-mantle boundary
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 30
Pregunta
The mantle is made up of solid rock (ultramafic peridotite)
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 31
Pregunta
The mantle flows like a river of lava.
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 32
Pregunta
What minerals does the core comprise of? (4 answers)
Respuesta
-
Fe (Iron)
-
Ni (Nickel)
-
Pt (Platinum)
-
Au (Gold)
-
Ag (Silver)
Pregunta 33
Pregunta
The innermost part of the core is liquid.
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 34
Pregunta
The flow in the outer core generates the earth's magnetic field.
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 35
Pregunta
The Asthenosphere flows like softened wax (caramel).
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 36
Pregunta
The Lithosphere is below the Asthenosphere.
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 37
Pregunta
What are the types of plate boundaries? (3 answers)
Respuesta
-
Divergent
-
Convergent
-
Transform
-
Arctangent
Pregunta 38
Pregunta
What is the cause of divergent plate boundaries?
Respuesta
-
Sea-floor spreading
-
Balanced sea-floor spreading
Pregunta 39
Pregunta
In a transform plate boundary, plate boundaries are created and destroyed.
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 40
Pregunta
Active volcanoes create seamounts (hotspots)
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 41
Pregunta
The oceanic crust is formed at divergent boundaries.
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 42
Pregunta
Weathering is the same as erosion.
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 43
Pregunta
Identify an example of physical weathering:
Respuesta
-
Root wedging
-
Oxidation
-
Chemical reaction
Pregunta 44
Pregunta
Identify an example of chemical weathering:
Respuesta
-
Hydrolysis
-
Jointing
-
Animal/Human activity
Pregunta 45
Pregunta
The fastest weathering minerals are Halite, Calcite, and Olivine.
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 46
Pregunta
The slowest weathering minerals are Hermatite, Gibbsite, and Quartz.
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 47
Pregunta
The corners of a rock weather the slowest.
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 48
Pregunta
Over time, rocks will form roughly spherical shapes from harsh weathering.
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 49
Pregunta
What are the causes of erosion? (5 answers)
Respuesta
-
Wind
-
Running water, waves
-
Ice (glaciers)
-
Living organisms
-
Gravity
-
Magnetism
Pregunta 50
Pregunta
How are rocks held together? (2 answers)
Respuesta
-
Clastic (cement)
-
Crystalline (interlocking grains)
-
Glue
-
Gravity
Pregunta 51
Pregunta
What are the major rock groups? (3 answers)
Respuesta
-
Igneous
-
Sedimentary
-
Metamorphic
-
Crystalline
Pregunta 52
Pregunta
What are examples of an igneous rock? (2 answers)
Respuesta
-
Granite
-
Basalt
-
Pebble
-
Lava
Pregunta 53
Pregunta
What are examples of sedimentary rocks?
Respuesta
-
Sandstone
-
Limestone
-
Slate
-
Magma
Pregunta 54
Pregunta
What are examples of metamorphic rocks?
Respuesta
-
Marble
-
Slate
-
Gabbro
-
Glass
Pregunta 55
Pregunta
How can rocks be identified? (5 answers)
Respuesta
-
Grain size
-
Shape (morphology)
-
Mineralogy and composition
-
Texture
-
Layering
-
Colour
Pregunta 56
Pregunta
Magma can be any state of matter (solid, liquid, or gas)
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 57
Pregunta
Magmas vary chemically due to: (4 answers)
Respuesta
-
Initial source rock compositions
-
Partial melting
-
Assimilation and mixing
-
Fractional composition
-
Climate
-
Type and location of volcano
Pregunta 58
Pregunta
Bowen's Reaction Series refers to a graph that will identify what type of volcanic rocks will melt at what specific temperature.
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 59
Pregunta
A xenolithe is a foreign rock.
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 60
Pregunta
Metamorphic rocks do not hold any economic value.
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 61
Pregunta
New minerals are grown in metamorphic rock.
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 62
Pregunta
What are the sedimentary rock classes? (4 answers)
Respuesta
-
Clastic/detrital
-
Organic
-
Geochemical
-
Inorganic
-
Biochemical
-
Chemical
Pregunta 63
Pregunta
Granule is the smallest size of rock.
Respuesta
- True
- False
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