37118213
Descripción
Test por Jaslyn Villalona, actualizado hace más de 1 año
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Creado por Jaslyn Villalona
hace casi 2 años
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Pregunta 1
Pregunta
Which feature/trait do squid and octopus have that other members of phylum Mollusca, such as clams/oysters/snails, do not have?
Respuesta
-
heterotrphy
-
bilateral symmetry
-
closed circulatory system
-
tissues
-
multicellularity
Pregunta 2
Pregunta
Which of the following is (are) unique to animals ?
Respuesta
-
heterotrophy
-
flagellated gametes
-
nervous conduction and muscular movement
-
the structural carbohydrate, chitin
-
cells that have mitochondria
Pregunta 3
Pregunta
What is an important advantage to a closed circulatory system?
Respuesta
-
quicker early development
-
improved movement/activity
-
development of coelom
-
development of tissues
Pregunta 4
Pregunta
Which of the following groups of insects do we think has the highest number of species?
(NOTE: over 400,000 species have been described so far in this group of insects)
Respuesta
-
butterflies
-
flies
-
beetles
-
bees/wasps/ants
-
grasshoppers
Pregunta 5
Pregunta
Which of these, if true, would support the claim that the ancestral cnidarians had bilateral symmetry?
1.) Cnidarian larvae possess anterior-posterior, left-right, and dorsal-ventral sides/positions.
2.) Cnidarians have fewer Hox genes than bilaterians.
3.) All living cnidarians have both endoderm and ectoderm layers as embryos.
4.) All cnidarians are acoelomate.
Respuesta
-
statements 2 & 4 only
-
statement 1 only
-
statements 2 & 3 only
-
statements 3 & 4 only
Pregunta 6
Pregunta
Which of the following is NOT a feature of chordates?
Respuesta
-
pharyngeal slits/clefts
-
ecdysis (i.e., molting)
-
dorsal. hollow nerve cord
-
post-anal tail
-
notochord
Pregunta 7
Pregunta
Which of the following are the only living animals that descended directly from dinosaurs?
Respuesta
-
snakes
-
birds
-
tuataras
-
lizards
-
crocodiles
Pregunta 8
Pregunta
What can ~ most amphibians do that humans cannot do?
Respuesta
-
walk using legs
-
breathe through their skin
-
resist gravity with bony internal skeleton
-
have separate pulmonary circuit
-
breathe through lungs
Pregunta 9
Pregunta
Which 2 important features distinguish bony fish (e.g., goldfish, grouper) from cartilaginous fish (e.g., stingrays, sharks)?
Respuesta
-
gill cover/operculum & post-anal tail
-
post-anal tail & swim bladder
-
dorsal, hollow nerve chord and gills
-
swim bladder & gill cover/ operculum
-
dorsal, hollow nerve chord & post-anal tail
Pregunta 10
Pregunta
Which of the following are the most abundant and diverse of living vertebrates?
Respuesta
-
mammals
-
birds
-
insects
-
amphibians
-
ray-finned fishes
Pregunta 11
Pregunta
Do members of the phylum Cnidaria have a separate mouth and anus?
Respuesta
-
Yes
-
No
Pregunta 12
Pregunta
In terms of numbers of species, which is the most successful group of animals?
Respuesta
-
birds
-
mollusks
-
fishes
-
mammals
-
arthropods
Pregunta 13
Pregunta
Arthropods invaded land about 100 million years before vertebrates did so. This most clearly implies that...
Respuesta
-
arthropods evolved before vertebrates did
-
ancestral arthropods must have been poorly adapted to aquatic life and thus experienced a selective pressure to invade land
-
arthropods have had more time to coevolve with land plants than vertebrates have had
-
extant terrestrial arthropods are better adopted to terrestrial life than are extant terrestrial vertebrates
Pregunta 14
Pregunta
Of the following organisms, which are amniotes ?
Respuesta
-
egg-laying mammals only
-
amphibians
-
fishes
-
mammals
-
placental mammals only
Pregunta 15
Pregunta
Which of these characteristics added most to vertebrate success in relatively dry environments?
Respuesta
-
the ability to maintain a constant body temperature
-
two pairs of appendages
-
a four-chambered heart
-
the shelled, amniotic egg
-
bony scales
Pregunta 16
Pregunta
What kind of symmetry do members of the phylum Porifera exhibit?
Respuesta
-
bilateral symmetry
-
isohedral symmetry
-
radial symmetry
-
no symmetry
Pregunta 17
Pregunta
Some corals have photosynthetic organisms (i.e., zooxanthellae) living within their tissues. What benefit do these corals get from their photosynthetic 'house- mates"?
Respuesta
-
sugars
-
CO2 (carbon dioxide)
-
prey items that the zooxanthellae capture
-
a safe place to live
Pregunta 18
Pregunta
What feature do cnidarians have that porifera do not have?
Respuesta
-
multicellularity
-
sexual reproduction
-
hetertrophy
-
tissues
Pregunta 19
Pregunta
Which of the following terms describes an animal with a body cavity completely enclosed within mesoderm tissue?
Respuesta
-
pseudocoelomate
-
quasicoelomate
-
coelomate
-
acoelomate
Pregunta 20
Pregunta
The presence of a swim bladder allows the typical ray-finned fish to stop swimming and still
Respuesta
-
be highly maneuverable
-
effectively circulate its blood
-
use its own bladder as a respiratory organ
-
not sink
Pregunta 21
Pregunta
Which of the following features is NOT present in arthropods?
Respuesta
-
molting of exoskeleton to grow
-
closed circulatory system
-
segmentation of body parts
-
open circulatory system
-
molting (i.e., replacement of "old" exoskeleton with new one)
Pregunta 22
Pregunta
Which of the following is not an insect?
Respuesta
-
butterfly
-
bettle
-
ant
-
spider
-
bee
Pregunta 23
Pregunta
Acoelomate (i.e., no coelom) is a feature of chordates... true or false?
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 24
Pregunta
Which of the following organisms does NOT have a 4 chambered heart?
Respuesta
-
crocidile
-
parrot
-
frog
-
opossum
-
platypus
Pregunta 25
Pregunta
A "complete digestive tract" differs from a gastrovascular cavity in that only the complete tract
Respuesta
-
permits extracellular digestion
-
has teeth and tentacles to help with ingestion
-
uses its surface area for nutrient absorption
-
has specialized compartments
-
allows elimination of undigested waste
Pregunta 26
Pregunta
In humans, the first opportunity for ingested food to undergo enzymatic hydrolysis is in the
Respuesta
-
mouth
-
stomach
-
liver
-
small intestine
-
large intestine
Pregunta 27
Pregunta
The brush border/microvilli of the epithelial cells lining the small intestine have a specific form. What is their function?
Respuesta
-
clean the surfaces of the intestinal cells
-
promote movement of waste products
-
promote movement of chyme
-
nutrient absorption
-
waste excretion
Pregunta 28
Pregunta
The bile salts function in fat digestion by
Respuesta
-
hydrolyzing fat molecules to glycerol and fatty acids
-
separating individual fat molecules from each other
-
dissolving fats in water
-
dispersing big droplets of fats to small droplets
-
triggering the secretion of pancreatic lipase
Pregunta 29
Pregunta
Increased glucose levels in blood, after a meal trigger
Respuesta
-
glucagon release from pancreas
-
insulin release from the pancreas
-
secretin release from the duodenum
-
cholecystokinin release from the pancreas
-
activation of amylase in the blood
Pregunta 30
Pregunta
Glucagon, the pancreatic hormone, functions to
Respuesta
-
stimulate hunger
-
inhibit activity in the small intestine
-
increase fat storage in fat cells
-
reduce glucose levels in the blood
-
stimulate the liver to release glucose
Pregunta 31
Pregunta
The fluid that moves around in the circulatory system of a typical arthropod is the
Respuesta
-
intracellular fluid
-
interstitial fluid/hemolymph
-
blood plasma
-
digestive juices
-
cytosol
Pregunta 32
Pregunta
Corrected order of blood flow in human circulatory system:
Respuesta
-
left ventricle, aorta, right ventricle, lungs, & systemic capillaries
-
left ventricle, right ventricle, aorta, systemic capillaries , & lungs
-
left ventricle, aorta, systemic capillaries , right ventricle, & lungs
-
left ventricle, aorta, lungs, systemic capillaries, right ventricle
Pregunta 33
Pregunta
Which of the following tissue types is incorrectly matched with its function?
Respuesta
-
epithelial tissue- covers and lines organs and body cavities
-
muscle tissue- holds the tissues and organs in place
-
connective tissue- stores fat and provides flexibility
-
nervous tissue- processing and transmission of information
Pregunta 34
Pregunta
Heat exchange between an organism and its environment to maintain body temperature (thermoregulation) is achieved by
Respuesta
-
radiation
-
conduction
-
convection
-
evaporation
-
all of the above
Pregunta 35
Pregunta
For blood flow in fish gills, net movement of oxygen from water into blood occurs only in the first half of the distance where blood and water are in close contact
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 36
Pregunta
The desert ant, which lives in the Sahara Desert, has several features and behaviors that allow it to live in such a harsh environment. These include all the following, except
Respuesta
-
living in underground burrows that are much cooler than the above ground temperatures.
-
unusual enzymes that work optimally at extremely hot temperatures.
-
only leaving its burrows during the day to capture its prey items.
-
long legs that allow it to run very fast to capture its prey so it spends little time aboveground.
-
long legs which lift its body above the extremely hot desert sands.
Pregunta 37
Pregunta
Galapagos iguanas are the only iguana species that regularly spends time in saltwater, where they eat macroalgae growing on the submerged rocks. They manage to stay warm enough to swim in the very cold waters surrounding the Galapagos islands. They stay warm enough by all the following, except
Respuesta
-
They gain heat via conduction by laying next to other iguanas that are warmer.
-
They gain heat via evaporation in their relatively large nasal (i.e., nose) cavities.
-
They gain heat via radiation from the sun shining down on them.
-
They gain heat via conduction from lying on the dark rocks on land.
Pregunta 38
Pregunta
A defining characteristic of birds
Respuesta
-
is a four-chambered heart.
-
is that they build nests and care for their young.
-
are feathers.
-
is their having both a systemic circuit and a pulmonary circuit.
-
is endothermy.
Pregunta 39
Pregunta
The 4 characteristic features of chordates include all the following, except
Respuesta
-
notochord.
-
dorsal hollow nerve cord.
-
post-anal tail.
-
pharyngeal slits/clefts.
-
bony or cartilaginous vertebral column.
Pregunta 40
Pregunta
Successful invasion of the land by tetrapods required all the following, except
Respuesta
-
systems to prevent embryos from drying out.
-
system to prevent the whole-body desiccation.
-
lungs which were more efficient than fish gills to extract oxygen from the air.
-
redesigned heart and circulatory systems to support larger muscles.
-
legs to support the weight of the body.
Pregunta 41
Pregunta
A student in a general biology 2 class told their professor that they missed class the previous week because they had suffered an injury to their notochord. Is this possible?
Respuesta
-
No, as the notochord is located within and protected by the rigid vertebral column containing calcium phosphate.
-
No, as human adults do not have a notochord.
-
Yes, as the notochord is made of cartilage which is not as rigid as bone.
-
Yes, as general biology 2 students very often suffer damage to their notochords because of poor posture when reading their textbooks.
-
Yes, as the notochord is not contained within or protected by the bony vertebral column.
Pregunta 42
Pregunta
How many different cell types are in the human body?
Respuesta
-
~50
-
~200
-
4
-
~100
-
~500
Pregunta 43
Pregunta
Is the human body’s response to excessively cold temperatures, shivering and vasoconstriction of blood vessels near the skin surface, voluntary or involuntary?
Respuesta
-
voluntary
-
involuntary
-
It depends on the person
Pregunta 44
Pregunta
A true 4-chambered heart does not allow
Respuesta
-
the mixing of blood from the systemic circuit with the pulmonary circuit.
-
the mixing of blood from the pulmonary circuit with the gill circuit.
-
the mixing of blood from the right side of the body with the left side of the body.
-
the mixing of blood from the systemic circuit with the gill circuit.
-
the mixing of blood from the right lung with the left lung.
Pregunta 45
Pregunta
Is the human body’s response to excessively hot temperatures, sweating and vasodilation of blood vessels near the skin surface, voluntary or involuntary?
Respuesta
-
voluntary
-
involuntary
-
It depends on the person
Pregunta 46
Pregunta
Where do absorbed fats finally enter the blood?
Respuesta
-
within chylomicrons in the lymph at the subclavian veins
-
from epithelial cells lining the small intestine into the hepatic portal vein
-
within chylomicrons in the lymph into the hepatic portal vein
-
within chylomicrons in the liver
-
from epithelial cells lining the small intestine into the hepatic portal artery
Pregunta 47
Pregunta
The body stores excess glucose as all the following, except
Respuesta
-
glycogen in the pancreas
-
glycogen in the muscles
-
glycogen in the liver
-
fat in adipose tissue
Pregunta 48
Pregunta
Why is the protease pepsin released from cells in an inactive form?
Respuesta
-
so it can reach very high concentrations within the cells
-
so that it can be produced constantly
-
so it does not break down proteins found within the cells
-
so it can be produced only when it is needed
-
so it can be more easily transported across plasma membranes
Pregunta 49
Pregunta
What would be an important consequence of losing all your alpha cells in your pancreas?
Respuesta
-
inability to lower your blood glucose levels once they are > 90 mg/100ml
-
inability to raise your blood glucose levels once they are < 90 mg/100ml
-
inability to increase the pH of the chyme entering your duodenum
-
inability to decrease the pH of the chyme entering your duodenum
-
inability to use glucose as a source of energy in your cells
Pregunta 50
Pregunta
A very low level of glucose in the blood after a long period of fasting will cause
Respuesta
-
activation of amylase in the blood.
-
pepsinogen release from chief cells in the stomach.
-
insulin release from the pancreas.
-
secretin release from the duodenum.
-
glucagon release from the pancreas.
Pregunta 51
Pregunta
What is meant by the term “essential” in reference to nutrients?
Respuesta
-
They cannot be synthesized within the human body and need to be a part of the diet.
-
They are needed only during early developmental stages and are not needed once an organism reaches maturity.
-
They can only be synthesized by plants and therefore are not needed by animals.
-
They can only be synthesized by animals and therefore are not needed by plants.
-
They can be created from scratch/de novo within the human body from other organic molecules.
Pregunta 52
Pregunta
Which of the following is mismatched?
Respuesta
-
O2 rich blood — arteriole
-
O2 rich blood — left ventricle
-
O2 poor blood — venule
-
O2 rich blood — pulmonary artery
-
O2 poor blood — right atrium
Pregunta 53
Pregunta
The following structures are involved in the vertebrate circulatory system: (1) veins, (2) arterioles, (3) capillaries, (4) venules, and (5) arteries. What is the correct order of blood flow once it leaves the capillary beds?
Respuesta
-
5, 2, 3, 4, 1
-
1, 2, 3, 4, 5
-
4, 1, 5, 2, 3
-
4, 1, 2, 5, 3
-
5, 2, 1, 4, 3
Pregunta 54
Pregunta
Why do arteries have thicker walls than veins have?
Respuesta
-
to minimize the passage of molecules through the endothelial cells
-
to allow greater diffusion of amino acids and glucose
-
to allow greater diffusion of O2 and CO2
-
to tolerate the greater blood pressure found within the arteries
-
to maintain the volume of blood in the circulatory system
Pregunta 55
Pregunta
What is returned to the blood at the junction between the lymphatic system and the circulatory system?
Respuesta
-
chylomicrons
-
BOTH fluid lost from the capillary beds and chylomicrons
-
fluid lost from the capillary beds
-
glucose and amino acids from digestion
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