39287318
Descripción
Test por Leon Schwarze, actualizado hace 3 meses
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Creado por Leon Schwarze
hace 3 meses
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Pregunta 1
Pregunta
Antibiotics for B. Pertussis
Respuesta
-
Erythromycin
-
Azithromycin
-
Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole
Pregunta 2
Pregunta
Antibiotics for streptococcal pharyngitis
(Streptococcus Pyogenes)
Respuesta
-
Phenoxy methyl penicillin (penicillin V)
-
amoxicillin
-
cephalosporin
-
clindamycin
-
macrolides
-
vancomycin
-
Erythromycin
-
Trimethroprim-sulfamethoxazole
Pregunta 3
Pregunta
VAP - Ventilator associated Pneumonia
Respuesta
-
Acinetobacter
-
Pseudomonas
-
Klebsiella
-
E.Coli
-
B. anthracis
Pregunta 4
Pregunta
VAP Vent. associated Pneumonia
Respuesta
-
Klebsilla pneumonie
-
Acinetobacter
-
Stahphylococcus aureus
-
Stenotrophomonas maltophilia
-
C. difficile
Pregunta 5
Pregunta
Hospital Aquired pneumonia
Respuesta
-
Streptococcus pneumonia
-
E. Coli
-
E. Cloacae
-
Klebsiella
-
Enterobacter
Pregunta 6
Pregunta
Hospital Aquired pneumonia - II.
Respuesta
-
Klebsilla Pneumonia
-
P. Aeruginosa
-
A. Baumanii
-
Enterobacteriales
-
Staphyococcus
Pregunta 7
Pregunta
CAP abbreviation [blank_start]Community[blank_end] [blank_start]acquired[blank_end] [blank_start]pneumonia[blank_end]
Respuesta
-
Community
-
Clinical
-
acquired
-
pneumonia
-
Polyuria
Pregunta 8
Pregunta
RTI Vaccines - Viral
Respuesta
-
Influenza
-
Sars-Cov 2
-
Rubella
-
measles
-
mumps
-
RSV - Respiratory syncytial virus
-
Polio
-
coxsackievirus
-
adenovirus
-
viral aquired pressure pneumothorax
Pregunta 9
Pregunta
RTI Vaccines - Bacterial
Respuesta
-
Tuberculosis
-
Pertussis
-
Diphteria
-
Covid-19
-
Rubella
Pregunta 10
Pregunta
What Assay is NOT used for atypical bacteria detection
Respuesta
-
Gram - Staining
-
Culture diagnostics
-
ELISA
-
PCR
-
Serology IgM - Not IgG
Pregunta 11
Pregunta
Antigen detection for atypical pneumonia
Respuesta
-
Complete blood count (CBC)
-
Blood tests to identify the specific bacteria
-
Blood Cultures
-
Sputum Culture
-
CT scan of the Naso, Oro and Laryngopharynx to reduce Exposure compared with Chest
Pregunta 12
Pregunta
Antigen detection for atypical pneumonia
Respuesta
-
Urine Test for legionella
-
ELISA
-
PCR
-
Serology with IgG or IgM
-
IF
Pregunta 13
Pregunta
Atypical Pneumonia in Children - most common
Respuesta
-
Mycoplasma pneumonie
-
Chlamydia pneumonie
-
Legionella
-
RSV
-
H. Influenza
Pregunta 14
Pregunta
Causes of atypical Pneumonia (bacterial)
Respuesta
-
Mycoplasma pneumonia
-
Chlamydia pneumonia
-
Legionella pneumonia
-
H. Influenza
-
Parainfluenza
Pregunta 15
Pregunta
Typical Pneumonia
Respuesta
-
RSV
-
H- Influenza
-
B. anthracis
-
Streptococcus pneumonia
-
Enterobacteriaceae
Pregunta 16
Pregunta
Typical Pneumonia bacterial etiology
Respuesta
-
Staphylococcus aureus
-
Klebsilla Pneumonia => Enterobacteriaceae
-
Moraxella catarrhalis
-
B. Pertussis, C. Diphteriae
-
Heamophilus Influenzae
Pregunta 17
Pregunta
Bacterial pneumonia infilitrating alveolar spaces, present in lower lobe & blood in sputum
Respuesta
-
Pneumococcal pneumonia
-
Covid (Sars Cov)
-
Aspergillus
-
Pneumocystis (fungi)
-
Cryptococcus (fungi)
Pregunta 18
Pregunta
Streptococcus pneumonia (pneumococcal pneumonia) is resistant against
Respuesta
-
Aztreonam
-
Vancomyocin
-
Penicillin
-
clarithromycin
-
erythromycin
-
Azithromycin
Pregunta 19
Pregunta
Streptococcus pneumonia (pneumococcal pneumonia) is susceptible to
Respuesta
-
Vancomyocin
-
Penicilin
-
Aztreonam
-
quinolones
-
Doxycycline
Pregunta 20
Pregunta
A man has been on vacation in Hawaii, fever, mucus producing, or produces exudate blabla. Which of the following is the likely cause
RECHECK WITH PRESENTATION
Respuesta
-
Corynebacterium diphtheriae
-
Staphylococcus aureus
-
Haemophilus influenzae
-
Streptococcus pneumoniae
-
Coxiella burnetii
Pregunta 21
Pregunta
RNA Viruses in RTI
Respuesta
-
SARS
-
RSV
-
Influenza A
-
Coxsacklevirus
-
Parainfluenza
-
RHinovirus
Pregunta 22
Pregunta
MERS
[blank_start]Middle[blank_end] [blank_start]East[blank_end] [blank_start]Respiratory Syndrome[blank_end]
Respuesta
-
Middle
-
East
-
Respiratory Syndrome
Pregunta 23
Pregunta
Which of the following is most likely to cause a VAP infection that may result in necrotizing pneumonia.
Respuesta
-
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
-
Streptococcus pneumonia
-
Pneumocystis jiroveci
-
Chlamydophila pneumonia
Pregunta 24
Pregunta
Fungal RTI
Respuesta
-
pulmonary cryptococcosis
-
pneumocystis pneumonia
-
obstructive bronchial aspergillosis
-
pneumococcal pneumonia
-
Cryptococcal pneumonia
Pregunta 25
Pregunta
The sudden onset, with exudative pharyngitis, malaise and development of thick pseudomembrane over the pharynx: The characteristic indicates:
Respuesta
-
Pertussis
-
Influenza
-
Diphtheria
-
Whooping cough
-
Legionnaires disease
Pregunta 26
Pregunta
Atypical pneumonia diagnosis includes:
Respuesta
-
Antigen detection in urine in Legionella
-
ELISA
-
Culturing on MacConkey medium
-
Antigen detection in Streptococcus Pneumonia
Pregunta 27
Pregunta
Choose true statements
Respuesta
-
Aspiration pneumonia caused by S. aureus is seen in patients with influenza
-
Aspergiloma may be seen on x-ray and always characterized by the fatal onset
-
Primary tuberculosis is pulmonary
-
Aspergiloma can be seen on X-ray
Pregunta 28
Pregunta
RTIs caused by Corona Virus
Respuesta
-
SARS
-
Rubella
-
Covid - 19
Pregunta 29
Pregunta
This bacterium is commonly found in natural bodies of water, cooling towers, causes severe pneumonia or influenza like illness:
Respuesta
-
Legionella pneumophilia
-
Bordatella Pertussis
-
B. Anthracis
-
Azithromyocin
Pregunta 30
Pregunta
Legionella Pneumophilia is susceptible to
Respuesta
-
Azithromycin
-
Ciprofloxacin
-
Cefuroxime
-
Erythromycin
-
Fluoroquinolones as an alternative therapy
-
Meroponem
Pregunta 31
Pregunta
Empiric Treatment based on Penicillin V indicates the treatment of
Respuesta
-
Strep - throat
-
Q fever
-
M. Catarrhalis bronchopneumonia
-
Pulmonary cryptococcus
-
Legionnaires disease
Pregunta 32
Pregunta
Match therapeutic drug with disease
Q fever - treatment of choice [blank_start]doxycycline[blank_end]
M. Catarrhalis bronchopneumonia - uses [blank_start]cephalosporins, amoxicillin[blank_end] and clavulanic acid
Legionnaires disease - [blank_start]macrolides or fluoroquinolones[blank_end]
Respuesta
-
macrolides or fluoroquinolones
-
cephalosporins, amoxicillin
-
doxycycline
Pregunta 33
Pregunta
Typical viral RTIs
Respuesta
-
Measles and Influenza
-
Parainfluenza and Influenza
-
RSV, HSV, EBV
-
Rhino-, Corona-, Entero-, Adenovirus
-
Mumps
Pregunta 34
Pregunta
Atypical Viral RTIs
Respuesta
-
Measles
-
Mumps
-
Rubella
-
Varicella Zoster Virus
-
HSV
Pregunta 35
Pregunta
Transmission match correct
droplet infection – [blank_start]most cases[blank_end]
by inhalation [blank_start](epidemic)[blank_end] - [blank_start]influenza, adenovirus 4,7, rhinovirus[blank_end]
by direct contact – [blank_start]rhinovirus, RSV? parainfluenza?[blank_end]
Respuesta
-
rhinovirus, RSV? parainfluenza?
-
influenza, adenovirus 4,7, rhinovirus
-
most cases
-
(epidemic)
Pregunta 36
Pregunta
Fungal RTIs
Respuesta
-
Candida spp.
-
Aspergillus spp
-
Mucor, Rhisopus
-
Cryptococcus spp
-
Dimorphic fungi
-
P. Carinii
Pregunta 37
Pregunta
Upper RTI
Mostly Viral
By Droplet inhalation
Symptoms: Cold like usually without fever
Clinical recognized, throat swab only in case of bacterial epiglottitis + blood culture
Usually benign
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 38
Pregunta
Lower RTI
bacterial dominant
Cold like symptoms
No fever
usually benign
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 39
Pregunta
Lower RTI
Bacterial dominance
Inhalation
cough, fever, chest pain, tachypnea and sputum production
sputum, blood cultures, serologic methods
usually severe
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 40
Pregunta
Upper RTI Otitis media
infection of the middle ear with formation of pus leading to pressure and pain
Respuesta
-
After upper respiratory infection extending from the nasopharynx via the eustachian tube to the middle ear
-
S. pneumoniae 30-40%
-
H. influenzae 20-30%
-
M. catarrhalis 10%
-
S. pyogenes, S. aureus, M. pneumoniae, P. aeruginosa, anaerobic bacteria – chronic
-
Viruses contribute to the most severe form of it
Pregunta 41
Pregunta
Upper RTI Sinusitis
infection of one or more of the paranasal sinuses
acute or chronic
Respuesta
-
Chronic after 4 weeks
-
S. pneumoniae 20-30%
-
H. influenzae 20%
-
M. catarrhalis 10%
-
S.pyogenes, S. aureus, gram-negative, anaerobes - chronic
-
S. pyogenes, S. aureus, M. pneumoniae, P. aeruginosa, anaerobic bacteria – chronic
Pregunta 42
Pregunta
Upper RTI Pharyngitis
sore throat
an inflammation of the pharynx involving lymphoid tissues of the posterior pharynx and lateral pharyngeal bands
Respuesta
-
Viral mostly without cold like symptoms
-
Viral with cold like symptoms
-
Candida Albicans with a thrush
-
S. pyogenes or beta hemolytic steptococci C & G
-
Coxsackievirus, EBV, adenovirus, HSV
Pregunta 43
Pregunta
Upper RTI epiglottitis, laryngitis
Respuesta
-
particularly in children age 2 to 5 years, less common in adults
-
Haemophilus influenzae type b in adults, viral
-
Parainfluenza more common for epiglottitis after 25 years of age
-
Parainfluenza mmost common for laryngitis
-
Severe laryngitis sttems from S Pneumonia H Influenza type B
Pregunta 44
Pregunta
Bronchitis - [blank_start]S. pneumoniae, M. pneumoniae[blank_end], and other
Pneumonia - [blank_start]S. pneumoniae, K. pneumoniae[blank_end], M. pneumoniae
Ornithosis - transmitted by [blank_start]birds[blank_end] – [blank_start]Chlamydia psittaci[blank_end]
Respuesta
-
birds
-
Dogs
-
Chlamydia psittaci
-
S. pneumoniae, K. pneumoniae
-
S. pneumoniae, M. pneumoniae
Pregunta 45
Pregunta
Bronchitis Etiology
Respuesta
-
Viruses cause most cases of bronchitis and bronchiolitis
-
Fungi cause most cases of bronchitis and bronchiolitis
-
RSV, Parainfluenza, Influenza, adenovirus
-
Baccterial acute: H.influenzae
-
Bacterial Chronic - S. pneumoniae, M. pneumoniae, H.influenzae
Pregunta 46
Pregunta
Pneumonia choose for each statement
[blank_start]After 48 Hours[blank_end] of admission into Hospital HAP
With Common Pathogen, [blank_start]within 48 hours[blank_end] CAP
Suscebtible to antibiotics [blank_start]CAP[blank_end]
With Gram - rods, staphylococci, resistant to antibiotics [blank_start]HAP[blank_end]
Respuesta
-
After 48 Hours
-
within 48 hours
-
CAP
-
HAP
Pregunta 47
Pregunta
Typical Pneumonia
Respuesta
-
Dry Cough
-
Fever
-
No Symptoms in clincal examination
-
Physical examination shows pneumonia signs
-
Purulent Sputum
Pregunta 48
Pregunta
Streptococcus pneumoniae
Respuesta
-
30 - 54 % of CAP
-
Unilobar disease, rigors, toxaemia
-
Laboratory Gram-positive diplococci in sputum
-
Laboratory Gram-negative diplococci on mccorney
Pregunta 49
Pregunta
mark correct pneumonia etiology
Respuesta
-
Haemophilus influenzae Affects children and the elderly, especially those in nursing homes
-
Staphylococcus aureus Follows influenza infection Laboratory findings – Gram-positive cocci in sputum, netrophil leucocytosis
-
Klebsiella pneumoniae Laboratory findings – Gram-negative bacilli in sputum
-
Mycoplasma pneumoniae Atypical Pneumonia Laboratory- acute, convalescent antibodies rise
Pregunta 50
Pregunta
History with contact with farm animals
High fever, malaise, headache, dry cough, pleuritic chest pain, prolonged fever
Laboratory findings – phase 2 antibody rise
[blank_start]Coxiella Burnetii[blank_end]
Respuesta
-
Coxiella Burnetii
-
Legionella Pneumonia
Pregunta 51
Pregunta
[blank_start]Legionella pneumophila[blank_end]
History of exposure to Legionella –contaminated aerosols – hotel air-conditioning, older patient, gradual onset, malaise, lethargy, fever, headache, myalgia, dry non-productive cough, confusion, hallucinations
Laboratory findings – abnormal liver function tests, positive urinary antigen, convalescent antibody rise, culture after 7-10 days
Respuesta
-
Legionella pneumophila
-
Coxiella Burnetti
Pregunta 52
Pregunta
Mark Correct - Diagnosticcs
Respuesta
-
For CAP: Routine haematology and biochemistry Chest radiography Microbiological diagnostic:
-
Bacterial typical and fungal Easy Typical – microscopy, cutivation Specimen: sputum, BAL, swabs,
-
Bacterial typical and fungal Acute due to life threatening condition with fungal infection Antigen detection in serum (IF,Elisa, PCR) cultivation is difficult Specimen: sputum, BAL, swabs,
-
Bacterial atypical Antigen detection in serum (IF,Elisa, PCR) Serology (antibodies- IgM, increase in IgG titer), Cultivation is difficult
-
Viral Antigen detection (RSV, EBV, Influenza, Parainfluenza, Adeno) in epithelial cells (washings, nasal aspirates, BAL) Serology- (antibodies) in serum Not common, epidemiological purposes
Pregunta 53
Pregunta
Specimen Collection
Respuesta
-
For any RTI use non induced Sputum Collection
-
URTI Swabs from throat, nose, ear
-
LRTI Sputum, induced sputum, Secretions NO Pleural Fluid due risk of spreading infection
-
LRTI Sputum, induced sputum, Aspiration of pleureal fluid – for biochemistry and culture Blood culture – positive in 30% cases of pneumonia
-
Acute and convalescent serology to detect antibodies to viruses, Mycoplasma, Chlamydia, Legionella, Coxiella burnetii
Pregunta 54
Pregunta
Atypical RTI Treatment involves the addition of macrolides, fluoroquinolones, tetracyclines for 2-3weeks
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 55
Pregunta
Treatment of RTI
Respuesta
-
aminopenicillins (oral amoxicillin or i.v.ampicillin)
-
macrolides or II or III generation of cephalosporin in penicillin-allergic patients
-
in patients with atypical features the addition of macrolides, fluoroquinolones, tetracyclines for 2-3weeks
-
macrolides iv + II or III generation of cephalosporin in severe pneumonia
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