3967074
Descripción
Test por amber.rebel, actualizado hace más de 1 año
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Creado por amber.rebel
hace más de 8 años
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Pregunta 1
Pregunta
With which condition would you see a negative phosphorus balance with normal phosphorus intakes?
Respuesta
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Calcium stones
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Idiopathic hypercalciuria
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Enteric hyperoxaluria
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Cystine stones
Pregunta 2
Pregunta
How much calcium per day is recommended for a person with oxalate stones?
Respuesta
-
1500-2500mg
-
900-1300mg
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500-1200mg
-
800-1200 mg
Pregunta 3
Pregunta
Which of the following foods is NOT low in oxalate?
Respuesta
-
Spinach
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Legumes
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Nuts
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Rhubarb
Pregunta 4
Pregunta
Which of the following is NOT an acidic food?
Respuesta
-
Wheat bread
-
Gelatin desserts
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Coffee
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Cheese
Pregunta 5
Pregunta
With which stones do we recommend a diet high in alkaline foods?
Respuesta
-
Oxalate stones
-
Cystine stones
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Uric acid stones
-
Struvite stones
Pregunta 6
Pregunta
When a patient has uric acid stones, we would recommend that they avoid _____ foods?
Respuesta
-
alkaline
-
citrate
-
acidic
-
purine containing
Pregunta 7
Pregunta
Each kidney contains about how many nephrons?
Respuesta
-
100,000
-
1,000,000
-
10,000
-
10,000,000
Pregunta 8
Pregunta
From the ureter, urine goes to the
Respuesta
-
bladder
-
loop of Henle
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nephron
-
glomerulus
Pregunta 9
Pregunta
Sodium is regulated by the kidneys at the expense of all other substances in an effort to maintain
Respuesta
-
urine concentration
-
glomerulus filtration rate
-
urine volume
-
blood volume
Pregunta 10
Pregunta
Water excretion is regulated by
Respuesta
-
erythropoietin
-
antidiuretic hormone
-
calcitonin
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parathyroid hormone
Pregunta 11
Pregunta
Nephritic syndrome is characterized by
Respuesta
-
hemoturia
-
proteinuria
-
azotemia
-
oliguria
Pregunta 12
Pregunta
Nephrotic syndrome is characterized by
Respuesta
-
hematuria
-
proteinuria
-
azotemia
-
oliguria
Pregunta 13
Pregunta
During acute renal failure, daily energy needs (for adults) are estimated to be _____ kcal/kg IBW.
Respuesta
-
10 to 20
-
20 to 30
-
30 to 40
-
40 to 50
Pregunta 14
Pregunta
Chronic interstitial nephritis is treated mainly by
Respuesta
-
potassium restriction
-
sodium restriction
-
adequate fluid administration
-
protein restriction
Pregunta 15
Pregunta
A juice used in the treatment of chronic urinary tract infections is _____ juice.
Respuesta
-
apple
-
prune
-
orange
-
cranberry
Pregunta 16
Pregunta
Which of the following is an acid-producing food?
Respuesta
-
Meat
-
Broccoli
-
Carrots
-
Milk
Pregunta 17
Pregunta
In hemodialysis, daily dietary protein needs are about _____ g/kg.
Respuesta
-
0.8
-
1.2
-
1.5
-
0.6
Pregunta 18
Pregunta
In peritoneal dialysis, daily dietary protein needs are about _____ g/kg.
Respuesta
-
0.8
-
1 to 1.2
-
1.2 to 1.5
-
0.6
Pregunta 19
Pregunta
In hemodialysis, the usual sodium restriction is _____ g/day.
Respuesta
-
1 to 2
-
2 to 3
-
4 to 6
-
6 to 8
Pregunta 20
Pregunta
Which of these should be supplemented in a patient who is undergoing dialysis?
Respuesta
-
Vitamin B12
-
Vitamin K
-
Vitamin A
-
Vitamin B6
Pregunta 21
Pregunta
In ESRD, which of these is optimal?
Respuesta
-
High calcium and phosphorus intake
-
Low calcium and phosphorus intake
-
Low calcium intake and high phosphorus intake
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High calcium intake and low phosphorus intake
Pregunta 22
Pregunta
Which of these is typically elevated in ESRD?
Respuesta
-
Triglyceride level
-
LDL cholesterol level
-
Cholesterol level
-
HDL cholesterol level
Pregunta 23
Pregunta
Postdialysis hypoglycemia results from the abrupt ending of
Respuesta
-
hemodialysis
-
peritoneal dialysis
-
glucose supply in intradialytic parenteral nutrition
-
none of the above
Pregunta 24
Pregunta
Hypertrophy of the parathyroid gland results in over secretion of PTH and
Respuesta
-
hyperglycemia
-
bone demineralization
-
hyponatremia
-
oxalate stone formation
Pregunta 25
Pregunta
The major nutritional concern in children with ESRD is
Respuesta
-
vitamin status
-
promotion of normal growth and development
-
hypercholesterolemia
-
hypophosphatemia
Pregunta 26
Pregunta
Anemia in patients with ESRD is most often treated with
Respuesta
-
folate and vitamin B12 supplements
-
blood transfusions
-
oral iron supplements
-
recombinant human erythropoietin and IV or intramuscular iron
Pregunta 27
Pregunta
For patients with kidney stones, the most important aspect of medical nutrition therapy is
Respuesta
-
avoiding high intakes of animal protein
-
high fluid intake to produce 2 to 2.5 L urine daily
-
reducing intake of dietary oxalate and vitamin C
-
decreasing sodium intake and increasing potassium intake
Pregunta 28
Pregunta
In patients receiving hemodialysis, fluid restrictions are related to
Respuesta
-
urine output
-
sodium intake
-
phosphorus intake
-
risk of kidney stones
Pregunta 29
Pregunta
Which types of stones are amenable to dissolution therapy in the form of ECSWL?
Respuesta
-
Calcium stones
-
Melamine and Indinavir stones
-
Struvite stones
-
Uric acid stones
-
Oxalate stones
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