Cells and the Immune System

Descripción

A revision quiz to test your knowledge on the Immune System. Make sure you revise even after doing this because I haven't covered everything!
Eleanor H
Test por Eleanor H, actualizado hace más de 1 año
Eleanor H
Creado por Eleanor H hace alrededor de 8 años
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Resumen del Recurso

Pregunta 1

Pregunta
T-Cells are involved in Cellular Response.
Respuesta
  • True
  • False

Pregunta 2

Pregunta
Select the correct definitions of a Primary Immune Response.
Respuesta
  • Slower, Smaller, Shorter
  • No symptoms felt by the infected person
  • Memory Cells produced
  • Occurs during the second exposure to the antigen

Pregunta 3

Pregunta
Why is it beneficial to our immune system that many pathogens have several different antigens?
Respuesta
  • More antigens mean its a bigger pathogen so it'll be noticed more easily
  • More antigens mean that more B-Cells and T-Cells can be activated
  • It's not beneficial - it's too confusing for the B-Cells and T-Cells
  • Antigens stop the toxins being released

Pregunta 4

Pregunta
[blank_start]Active[blank_end] Immunity is when your own immune system manufactures its own antibodies to tackle the antigen. [blank_start]Passive[blank_end] Immunity is when you receive antibodies made by another organism.
Respuesta
  • Active
  • Passive

Pregunta 5

Pregunta
Active Immunity is long term and offers immediate protection.
Respuesta
  • True
  • False

Pregunta 6

Pregunta
[blank_start]Natural Passive Immunity[blank_end] is when antibodies are passed from the mother to the baby through the placenta and/or breast milk. [blank_start]Natural Active Immunity[blank_end] is when antibodies are produced when you have caught the disease. [blank_start]Artificial Passive Immunity[blank_end] is when antibodies are injected into you from another organism. [blank_start]Artificial Active Immunity[blank_end] is when antibodies are produced after exposure to the antigen through a vaccine.
Respuesta
  • Natural Passive Immunity
  • Natural Active Immunity
  • Artificial Passive Immunity
  • Artificial Active Immunity
  • Natural Active Immunity
  • Natural Passive Immunity
  • Artificial Passive Immunity
  • Artificial Active Immunity
  • Artificial Passive Immunity
  • Natural Passive Immunity
  • Natural Active Immunity
  • Artificial Active Immunity
  • Artificial Active Immunity
  • Natural Passive Immunity
  • Natural Active Immunity
  • Artificial Passive Immunity

Pregunta 7

Pregunta
Antigenic Variation:
Respuesta
  • When pathogens change the antigens on their surface
  • Done by mutation
  • Doesn't stop the Secondary Immune Response
  • Enables vaccines to be made
  • Is common among viruses

Pregunta 8

Pregunta
HIV is known as a [blank_start]retro[blank_end]virus because it stores its genetic information in the form of [blank_start]R[blank_end]NA.
Respuesta
  • retro
  • R

Pregunta 9

Pregunta
Label this diagram of a HIV.
Respuesta
  • RNA
  • Enzyme
  • Capsid
  • Phospholipid Membrane
  • Glycoprotein Receptor
  • Core

Pregunta 10

Pregunta
[blank_start]Indirect[blank_end] ELISAs test for the presence of a specific antibody. [blank_start]Direct[blank_end] ELISAs test for the presence of a specific antigen.
Respuesta
  • Indirect
  • Direct

Pregunta 11

Pregunta
Label the diagram of an antibody:
Respuesta
  • Antigen Binding Site
  • Disulfide Bridge
  • Heavy Chain
  • Constant Region
  • Variable Region

Pregunta 12

Pregunta
Label this graph:
Respuesta
  • Initial Exposure
  • Primary Immune Response
  • Secondary Exposure
  • Secondary Immune Response

Pregunta 13

Pregunta
A phagocyte follows the trail of [blank_start]chemoattractants[blank_end] left by the pathogen up the concentration gradient. When it gets near the pathogen, the phagocyte starts stretching out its cell membrane around the pathogen. These 'arms' are known as [blank_start]pseudopodia[blank_end] and allow the phagocyte to [blank_start]engulf[blank_end] the pathogen and form a [blank_start]phagosome[blank_end] or phagocytotic vacuole. [blank_start]Lysosomes[blank_end] in the phagocyte travel to this vesicle, fuse with it (a [blank_start]phagolysosome[blank_end]) and release their [blank_start]lytic[blank_end] enzymes into it, breaking down and destroying the pathogen. The waste is released in [blank_start]exocytosis[blank_end] and often the antigen(s) of the pathogen are displayed on the cell surface of the phagocyte.
Respuesta
  • chemoattractants
  • pseudopodia
  • phagosome
  • engulf
  • Lysosomes
  • phagolysosome
  • lytic
  • exocytosis
  • phagocyte

Pregunta 14

Pregunta
Endocytosis is when something is taken into a cell.
Respuesta
  • True
  • False

Pregunta 15

Pregunta
Put these stages of an Immune Response in order of when they occur and match the correct definition to them: [blank_start]PHAGOCYTES ENGULF PATHOGENS[blank_end] - Phagocyte ingests pathogen and displays its antigens on its cell surface membrane. [blank_start]T-CELLS ACTIVATED[blank_end] - A [blank_start]T-Cell[blank_end] with a [blank_start]complementary receptor[blank_end] to the antigen comes into contact with the phagocyte. [blank_start]CLONAL SELECTION[blank_end] - The T-Cell begins [blank_start]rapid mitosis[blank_end], producing [blank_start]daughter cells[blank_end] with the complementary receptors. [blank_start]IMMUNE RESPONSE[blank_end] - [blank_start]Cytokines[blank_end] are released by the T-Cells, stimulating [blank_start]B-Cells[blank_end] to divide to form [blank_start]plasma and memory cells[blank_end] and phagocytes to perform [blank_start]phagocytosis[blank_end]. [blank_start]Cytotoxic and Memory T-Cells[blank_end] are also created.
Respuesta
  • PHAGOCYTES ENGULF PATHOGENS
  • T-CELLS ACTIVATED
  • CLONAL SELECTION
  • IMMUNE RESPONSE
  • Cytotoxic and Memory T-Cells
  • Cytokines
  • B-Cells
  • plasma and memory cells
  • phagocytosis
  • complementary receptor
  • T-Cell
  • rapid mitosis
  • daughter cells
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