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Biological psychology

Descripción

Pages 156-161 in the textbook.
Amber Brookes
Test por Amber Brookes, actualizado hace más de 1 año
Amber Brookes
Creado por Amber Brookes hace alrededor de 7 años
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Resumen del Recurso

Pregunta 1

Pregunta
Which two things make up the central nervous system?
Respuesta
  • Brain and spinal cord
  • Ganglia and the heart
  • Spinal cord and the lungs
  • Skin and muscle

Pregunta 2

Pregunta
The nervous system contains all of the [blank_start]neurons[blank_end] in the body.
Respuesta
  • neurons

Pregunta 3

Pregunta
Nerve cells carry [blank_start]'messages'[blank_end] through an [blank_start]electrochemical[blank_end] process. Information is received by the [blank_start]dendrites[blank_end] and an [blank_start]electrical impulse[blank_end] travels down the [blank_start]axon[blank_end] to the [blank_start]axon terminal[blank_end] buttons.
Respuesta
  • 'messages'
  • electrochemical
  • dendrites
  • electrical impulse
  • axon
  • axon terminal

Pregunta 4

Pregunta
Neuro transmission is the same as synaptic transmission.
Respuesta
  • True
  • False

Pregunta 5

Pregunta
Label the neuron.
Image:
9f910c66-c9e6-4e6c-846c-8dfe28959c70 (image/png)
Respuesta
  • Dendrite
  • Soma
  • Nucleus
  • Axon
  • Myelin sheath
  • Schwann cell
  • Node of ranvier
  • Axon terminal button

Pregunta 6

Pregunta
Label the neuron.
Image:
0e4a4f66-fba2-4a4c-bc83-38ec0d6c685c (image/png)
Respuesta
  • Dendrite
  • Nucleus
  • Soma
  • Myelin Sheath
  • Axon
  • Axon terminal button
  • Schwann cell
  • Node of ranvier

Pregunta 7

Pregunta
Label the synapse.
Image:
2490ce0c-13e2-4ba2-b8c2-e471ad97f8fe (image/jpeg)
Respuesta
  • mitochondrion
  • Vesicles containing neurotransmitter
  • Receptor
  • Synaptic cleft
  • Post-synaptic cell
  • Pre-synaptic cell

Pregunta 8

Pregunta
When a neuron receives a message from another neurone this chemical message can either: -stimulate excitatory post synaptic potential which [blank_start]depolarises[blank_end] the neuron, [blank_start]reducing[blank_end] it's charge -stimulate an inhibitory post synaptic potential, [blank_start]increasing[blank_end] it's charge and [blank_start]hyperpolarising[blank_end] the neuron.
Respuesta
  • depolarises
  • reducing
  • hyperpolarising
  • increasing

Pregunta 9

Pregunta
When a neuron receives a message from another neuron, this chemical message can stimulate either an [blank_start]excitatory postsynaptic response[blank_end], or an [blank_start]inhibitory postsynaptic response[blank_end].
Respuesta
  • excitatory postsynaptic response
  • inhibitory postsynaptic response

Pregunta 10

Pregunta
When a neuron has received enough excitatory messages, or at least more excitatory messages in comparison to the number of inhibitory messages, that are sufficiently strong enough to reach the neurons own threshold, what is triggered?
Respuesta
  • The action method.
  • The action ability.
  • The action potential.
  • The neurone potential.

Pregunta 11

Pregunta
Neurons have a resting membrane potential of about...
Respuesta
  • -70mV
  • -90mV
  • -60mV
  • -45mV

Pregunta 12

Pregunta
Label the synapse.
Image:
ce8816e0-dbeb-4608-a194-7624c301a656 (image/jpeg)
Respuesta
  • Post-synaptic cell
  • pre-synaptic cell
  • mitochondrion
  • Vesicles
  • neurotransmitter
  • axon
  • receptor

Pregunta 13

Pregunta
What happens when a chemical message stimulates an excitatory postsynaptic potential?
Respuesta
  • It will slightly depolarise the neuron
  • It will hyperpolarise the neuron
  • It will reduce the charge of the neuron
  • It will increase the charge of the neuron

Pregunta 14

Pregunta
What happens when a chemical message stimulates an inhibitory postsynaptic potential?
Respuesta
  • It will slightly depolarise the neuron
  • It will hyperpolarise the neuron
  • It will reduce the charge of the neuron
  • It will increase the charge of the neuron

Pregunta 15

Pregunta
What are the functions of Acetylcholine?
Respuesta
  • Muscle contraction
  • Motor control and important movement
  • Expression of emotion, such as anger and sexuality
  • Necessary for memory and cognitive functions such as wakefulness/alertness
  • Feeling pain
  • Regulation of temperature and hunger
  • Learning
  • Sleeping
  • Posture
  • Dependency behaviour, such as addictions

Pregunta 16

Pregunta
What are the functions of Noradrenaline?
Respuesta
  • Emotion, especially mood control
  • Sleeping and dreaming
  • Learning
  • Posture
  • Control of movement
  • Feeling pain
  • Regulation of temperature and hunger
  • Stimulates muscle contractions
  • Dependency behaviour, such as addictions
  • Hormonal regulation such as control of the menstrual cycle

Pregunta 17

Pregunta
What are the functions of Dopamine?
Respuesta
  • Emotion
  • Cognitive functions
  • Posture and control of movement
  • Reinforcement in learning
  • Dependency behaviours such as addictions
  • Hormonal regulation such as control of the menstrual cycle
  • Sleeping
  • Regulation of temperature and hunger
  • Feeling pain
  • Stimulates muscle contractions

Pregunta 18

Pregunta
What are the functions of Serotonin?
Respuesta
  • Mood control, especially in the limbic system
  • Feeling pain
  • Sleeping
  • Regulation of temperature and hunger
  • Posture and control of movement
  • Learning
  • Dependency behaviours, such as addictions
  • Expression of some emotions, such as anger and sexuality
  • Hormonal regulation such as control of the menstrual cycle
  • Cognitive functions

Pregunta 19

Pregunta
The impact of alcohol on neurotransmission: -It has a [blank_start]depressant effect[blank_end] on the nervous system -It acts to inhibit [blank_start]neural transmission[blank_end] by [blank_start]increasing[blank_end] the action of [blank_start]GABA[blank_end]
Respuesta
  • depressant effect
  • neural transmission
  • GABA
  • increasing
  • decreasing
  • stimulant effect

Pregunta 20

Pregunta
The impact of Opiods on neurotransmission: -[blank_start]Reduces[blank_end] GABA activity, which leads to [blank_start]overactivity[blank_end] of [blank_start]dopaminergic[blank_end] neurotransmission in the [blank_start]reward pathways[blank_end] of the brain.
Respuesta
  • Reduces
  • Increases
  • overactivity
  • underactivity
  • dopaminergic
  • reward pathways

Pregunta 21

Pregunta
The impact of Amphetamines on neurotransmission: -Increases [blank_start]dopamine[blank_end] and [blank_start]noradrenaline[blank_end] in the synapse by changing the [blank_start]reuptake[blank_end] process so that it works in [blank_start]reverse[blank_end] -They force the release of these neurotransmitters, which can [blank_start]block[blank_end] reuptake, and in [blank_start]high doses[blank_end] can inhibit their breakdown in [blank_start]enzymes[blank_end]
Respuesta
  • dopamine
  • noradrenaline
  • reuptake
  • reverse
  • block
  • high doses
  • enzymes

Pregunta 22

Pregunta
The impact of Cocaine on neurotransmission: -[blank_start]Increases[blank_end] activity in the [blank_start]dopamine pathway[blank_end] by blocking the [blank_start]reuptake[blank_end] of [blank_start]dopamine[blank_end]
Respuesta
  • dopamine pathway
  • serotonin pathway
  • noradrenaline pathway
  • acetylcholine pathway
  • dopamine
  • seratonin
  • noradrenaline
  • acetylcholine
  • Increases
  • Decreases
  • reuptake

Pregunta 23

Pregunta
The impact of Nicotine on neurotransmission: -Targets aspects of the [blank_start]dopamine[blank_end] pathway, [blank_start]increasing[blank_end] the amount and transmission of dopamine by blocking the [blank_start]enzyme[blank_end] that [blank_start]breaks it down[blank_end]. -It mimics [blank_start]acetylcholine[blank_end] and binds to [blank_start]nicotinic receptors[blank_end]
Respuesta
  • dopamine
  • seratonin
  • noradrenaline
  • increasing
  • decreasing
  • enzyme
  • breaks it down
  • acetylcholine
  • nicotinic receptors

Pregunta 24

Pregunta
What are the functions of Noradrenaline?
Respuesta
  • Associated with emotion, especially mood control. It is involved in functions such as sleeping and dreaming, as well as learning.
  • Stimulates muscle contractions and has a key function in motor control and important movement. Necessary for memory and other cognitive functions such as attention and wakefulness/alertness. Involved in expressions of some emotions such as anger and sexuality.
  • Related to emotion and cognitive functions as well as posture and control of movement. Associated with reinforcement in learning as well as dependency behaviour such as addictions. Used in hormonal regulation such as control of the menstrual cycle.
  • Associated with mood control, particularly in the limbic system. Involved in functions such as feeling pain, sleep, regulating body temperature and hunger.

Pregunta 25

Pregunta
What are the functions of Dopamine?
Respuesta
  • Associated with emotion, especially mood control. It is involved in functions such as sleeping and dreaming, as well as learning.
  • Stimulates muscle contractions and has a key function in motor control and important movement. Necessary for memory and other cognitive functions such as attention and wakefulness/alertness. Involved in expressions of some emotions such as anger and sexuality.
  • Related to emotion and cognitive functions as well as posture and control of movement. Associated with reinforcement in learning as well as dependency behaviour such as addictions. Used in hormonal regulation such as control of the menstrual cycle.
  • Associated with mood control, particularly in the limbic system. Involved in functions such as feeling pain, sleep, regulating body temperature and hunger.

Pregunta 26

Pregunta
What are the functions of Acetylcholine?
Respuesta
  • Associated with emotion, especially mood control. It is involved in functions such as sleeping and dreaming, as well as learning.
  • Stimulates muscle contractions and has a key function in motor control and important movement. Necessary for memory and other cognitive functions such as attention and wakefulness/alertness. Involved in expressions of some emotions such as anger and sexuality.
  • Related to emotion and cognitive functions as well as posture and control of movement. Associated with reinforcement in learning as well as dependency behaviour such as addictions. Used in hormonal regulation such as control of the menstrual cycle.
  • Associated with mood control, particularly in the limbic system. Involved in functions such as feeling pain, sleep, regulating body temperature and hunger.

Pregunta 27

Pregunta
What are the functions of Serotonin?
Respuesta
  • Associated with emotion, especially mood control. It is involved in functions such as sleeping and dreaming, as well as learning.
  • Stimulates muscle contractions and has a key function in motor control and important movement. Necessary for memory and other cognitive functions such as attention and wakefulness/alertness. Involved in expressions of some emotions such as anger and sexuality.
  • Related to emotion and cognitive functions as well as posture and control of movement. Associated with reinforcement in learning as well as dependency behaviour such as addictions. Used in hormonal regulation such as control of the menstrual cycle.
  • Associated with mood control, particularly in the limbic system. Involved in functions such as feeling pain, sleep, regulating body temperature and hunger.

Pregunta 28

Pregunta
The impact of recreational drugs on the brain... The brain contains a [blank_start]reward pathway[blank_end] which causes us to experience a [blank_start]pleasant and rewarding feeling[blank_end]. This encourages us to [blank_start]repeat behaviour[blank_end] that activates that pathway (behaviour + nice feeling = continued/repeated behaviour). This has [blank_start]evolved[blank_end]- it is [blank_start]adaptive[blank_end] for us to feel good after eating high-calorie food for example, as it ensures that we store enough fat on our bodies in preparation for periods of famine. Drugs hijack this reward system and produce pleasurable feelings without and [blank_start]adaptive functioning[blank_end].
Respuesta
  • reward pathway
  • pleasant and rewarding feeling
  • negative feeling
  • repeat behaviour
  • evolved
  • adaptive
  • adaptive functioning

Pregunta 29

Pregunta
What happens to neurotransmitter that has not been absorbed?
Respuesta
  • It is reuptaken
  • It is broken down by enzymes
  • It decays
  • It is always absorbed

Pregunta 30

Pregunta
Which part of the brain is related to personality and aggression?
Respuesta
  • Frontal Lobe
  • Temporal Lobe
  • Cerebellum
  • Occipital Lobe
  • Parietal Lobe

Pregunta 31

Pregunta
Which part of the brain is in charge of vision?
Respuesta
  • Occipital Lobe
  • Cerebellum
  • Frontal Lobe
  • Parietal Lobe
  • Temporal Lobe

Pregunta 32

Pregunta
Which part of the brain is in charge of memory functions?
Respuesta
  • Temporal Lobe
  • Cerebellum
  • Frontal Lobe
  • Occipital Lobe
  • Parietal Lobe

Pregunta 33

Pregunta
Which part of the brain holds information centres, such as those for language?
Respuesta
  • Parietal Lobe
  • Frontal Lobe
  • Occipital Lobe
  • Cerebellum
  • Temporal Lobe

Pregunta 34

Pregunta
Which part of the brain controls behaviour that could be considered basic functioning, such as breathing?
Respuesta
  • Cerebellum
  • Parietal Lobe
  • Occipital Lobe
  • Temporal Lobe
  • Frontal Lobe

Pregunta 35

Pregunta
Label the parts of the brain.
Image:
1185c04f-1c38-4e4e-8e55-50bebfa3a8f0 (image/jpeg)
Respuesta
  • Frontal Lobe
  • Temporal Lobe
  • Cerebellum
  • Occipital Lobe
  • Parietal Lobe

Pregunta 36

Pregunta
Label the parts of the brain.
Image:
443050c2-5d0f-400f-bdc8-77468595dacb (image/jpeg)
Respuesta
  • Frontal Lobe
  • Temporal Lobe
  • Cerebellum
  • Parietal Lobe
  • Occipital Lobe

Pregunta 37

Pregunta
What is the main function of the occipital lobe?
Respuesta
  • Vision
  • Memory
  • Personality and aggression
  • To hold information centres, such as those for language
  • To control behaviours that are considered basic functioning, such as breathing

Pregunta 38

Pregunta
What is the main function of the cerebellum?
Respuesta
  • To control behaviours that are considered basic functioning, such as breathing
  • Memory
  • To hold information centres, such as those in charge of language
  • Personality and aggression
  • Vision

Pregunta 39

Pregunta
What is the main function of the parietal lobe?
Respuesta
  • To hold information centres, such as those for language
  • Personality and aggression
  • Vision
  • Memory
  • To control behaviours that are considered basic functioning, such as breathing

Pregunta 40

Pregunta
What is the main function of the frontal lobe?
Respuesta
  • Personality and aggression
  • Memory
  • To control behaviours that are considered basic functioning, such as breathing
  • Vision
  • To hold information centres, such as those for language

Pregunta 41

Pregunta
What is the function of the temporal lobe?
Respuesta
  • Memory
  • Personality and aggression
  • To hold information centres, such as those for language
  • Vision
  • To control behaviours that are considered basic functioning, such as breathing

Pregunta 42

Pregunta
Which part of the brain is linked with offensive behaviour?
Respuesta
  • Medial hypothalamus
  • Dorsal hypothalamus
  • Lateral hypothalamus

Pregunta 43

Pregunta
Which part of the brain is linked with defensive behaviour?
Respuesta
  • Dorsal hypothalamus
  • Medial hypothalamus
  • Lateral hypothalamus

Pregunta 44

Pregunta
Which part of the brain is linked with predatory aggression?
Respuesta
  • Lateral hypothalamus
  • Dorsal hypothalamus
  • Medial hypothalamus

Pregunta 45

Pregunta
The hypothalamus is located in the limbic system.
Respuesta
  • True
  • False

Pregunta 46

Pregunta
What type of behaviour is linked with the medial hypothalamus?
Respuesta
  • Offensive behaviour, where they physically attack another animal
  • Defensive behaviour in response to a threat of an attack
  • Predatory aggression involving attacking another species for food

Pregunta 47

Pregunta
What type of behaviour is linked with the dorsal hypothalamus?
Respuesta
  • Defensive behaviour in response to a threat of an attack
  • Predatory aggression involving attacking another species for food
  • Offensive behaviour where they physically attack another animal

Pregunta 48

Pregunta
What type of behaviour is linked with the lateral hypothalamus?
Respuesta
  • Predatory aggression involving attacking another species for food
  • Defensive behaviour in response to a threat of an attack
  • Offensive behaviour where they physically attack another animal

Pregunta 49

Pregunta
The hypothalamus leads to the production of testosterone.
Respuesta
  • True
  • False

Pregunta 50

Pregunta
There is no generalisability issue relating to the hypothalamus and it's research that has been conducted upon animals.
Respuesta
  • True
  • False

Pregunta 51

Pregunta
What are the main roles of the hippocampus, the amygdala and the hypothalamus?
Respuesta
  • Controls our temperature
  • Role in self preservation
  • Fight or flight response
  • Vision
  • Language
  • Calculations

Pregunta 52

Pregunta
Aims of Raine's study: 1. To see if there were [blank_start]brain differences[blank_end] between [blank_start]violent offenders and normal people[blank_end]. 2. Raine aimed to find out if the [blank_start]brain functions[blank_end] of violent and non-violent criminals were different. 3. They wanted to see if murderers had brain dysfunctions in their p[blank_start]refrontal cortex[blank_end], angular gyrus, a[blank_start]mygdala gyrus[blank_end], amygdala, h[blank_start]ippocampus[blank_end], t[blank_start]halamus[blank_end] and c[blank_start]orpus collosum[blank_end] associated with [blank_start]violent behaviour[blank_end].
Respuesta
  • brain differences
  • violent offenders and normal people
  • brain functions
  • mygdala gyrus
  • ippocampus
  • halamus
  • orpus collosum
  • refrontal cortex
  • violent behaviour

Pregunta 53

Pregunta
The sample of Raine's study included [blank_start]41[blank_end] murderers pleading not guilty by reason of insanity and [blank_start]41[blank_end] controls. The main participants were [blank_start]39[blank_end] men and [blank_start]2[blank_end] women charged with either murder or manslaughter.
Respuesta
  • 39
  • 2
  • 41
  • 41

Pregunta 54

Pregunta
The participants of Raine's had a mixture of [blank_start]schizophrenia[blank_end], [blank_start]brain injury[blank_end], [blank_start]affective disorder[blank_end], [blank_start]epilepsy[blank_end], were [blank_start]substance abusers[blank_end] etc.
Respuesta
  • schizophrenia
  • brain injury
  • affective disorder
  • epilepsy
  • substance abusers

Pregunta 55

Pregunta
Raine's study was an independent groups design.
Respuesta
  • True
  • False

Pregunta 56

Pregunta
Which type of brain scan was used in Raine's study (1997)?
Respuesta
  • PET scan
  • fMRI scan
  • CAT scan

Pregunta 57

Pregunta
In Raine's study, what did processes did the control group have to go through before participating in the experiment?
Respuesta
  • An assessment for general health
  • A psychiatric interview
  • A maths quiz
  • A physiological test

Pregunta 58

Pregunta
In Raine's study, all participants were kept drug free two weeks before the scan.
Respuesta
  • True
  • False

Pregunta 59

Pregunta
Results for the cortical regions of the brain (Raine 1997): -Lower glucose metabolism in [blank_start]prefrontal cortex[blank_end] and [blank_start]parietal lobe[blank_end] in comparison to controls. -Differences in the [blank_start]temporal lobe[blank_end]. -Higher metabolism in the [blank_start]occipital lobe[blank_end].
Respuesta
  • prefrontal cortex
  • parietal lobe
  • cerebellum
  • temporal lobe
  • occipital lobe

Pregunta 60

Pregunta
Results for the subcortical areas (Raine 1997): -Lower glucose metabolism in the [blank_start]corpus collosum[blank_end] than the control. -Differences in activity in the [blank_start]left amygdala[blank_end] and greater activity in the [blank_start]right amygdala[blank_end]. -Differences in activity in the [blank_start]medial temporal lobe[blank_end], including the [blank_start]hypothalamus[blank_end]. -The murderers had greater [blank_start]thalamic activity[blank_end] than the controls.
Respuesta
  • corpus collosum
  • left amygdala
  • right amygdala
  • medial temporal lobe
  • hypothalamus
  • thalamic activity

Pregunta 61

Pregunta
Which of the following were conclusions of Raine's 1997 study on NGRI criminals?
Respuesta
  • Prefrontal cortex deficits might make someone more impulsive and emotional.
  • Deficits in the limbic system might make someone more aggressive (hard to learn from mistakes and understand emotions).
  • The parietal lobe, amygdala and hippocampus play a role in recognition, and deficits might make it harder to judge social situations, leading them to overreact.
  • Nature has more of an affect on physical aggression and nurture affects verbal aggression.

Pregunta 62

Pregunta
Aims of Brendgen's study (2005): 1- To see if social aggression is caused by the [blank_start]genes[blank_end] or the [blank_start]environment[blank_end]. 2- To see if social aggression shares the [blank_start]same cause[blank_end] as [blank_start]physical aggression[blank_end]. 3- To see if one type of aggression could lead to [blank_start]other types[blank_end] of aggression.
Respuesta
  • genes
  • environment
  • same cause
  • physical aggression
  • other types

Pregunta 63

Pregunta
Who were the participants of Brendgen's study (2005)?
Respuesta
  • Mono-zygotic twins
  • Di-zygotic twins
  • Males
  • Females
  • Aggressive criminals
  • Children
  • Adults
  • Individuals with depression
  • Manic individuals

Pregunta 64

Pregunta
In Brendgen's study, who rated the participant's behaviour?
Respuesta
  • Teachers and peers
  • Parents and peers
  • Teachers only
  • Peers only
  • Parents only
  • Psychologists

Pregunta 65

Pregunta
In Brendgen's 2005 study, what were the participants tested on?
Respuesta
  • Social aggression
  • Physical aggression
  • Predatory aggression
  • Defensive behaviours
  • Kindness

Pregunta 66

Pregunta
Findings of Brendgen's study: -Social aggression: [blank_start]environmental effects[blank_end] were found but only weak [blank_start]genetic effects[blank_end] were noted - e.g. there was [blank_start]equal correlation[blank_end] between MZ and DZ twins -Physical aggression: significant effects of [blank_start]genes[blank_end] and limited effects of [blank_start]the environment[blank_end] - e.g. there was a [blank_start]higher correlation[blank_end] for MZ in comparison to DZ -Directional affect: there was a directional affect between [blank_start]physical[blank_end] and [blank_start]social aggression[blank_end].
Respuesta
  • environmental effects
  • genetic effects
  • equal correlation
  • genes
  • the environment
  • higher correlation
  • physical
  • social aggression

Pregunta 67

Pregunta
Further findings of Brendgen's 2005 study: -Gender differences: boys were more [blank_start]physically aggressive[blank_end], girls were more [blank_start]socially aggressive[blank_end], according to both peers and teachers -The way in which social aggression is [blank_start]expressed[blank_end] may in fact be caused by the [blank_start]environment[blank_end] e.g. learning language that leads to the expression of social aggression
Respuesta
  • physically aggressive
  • socially aggressive
  • environment
  • expressed

Pregunta 68

Pregunta
Which of these were conclusions for Brendgen's 2005 study?
Respuesta
  • Nature has more of an affect on physical aggression, and nurture has more of an affect on verbal aggression
  • The environmental factors are changing as society develops, thus affecting verbal aggression
  • We are evolving, so physical aggression is changing
  • Prefrontal cortex deficits might make someone more impulsive and emotional
  • Animal studies into aggression can be generalised to humans

Pregunta 69

Pregunta
Evolution happens by [blank_start]natural selection[blank_end]. Evolutionary psychologists would agree that the mind [blank_start]evolved[blank_end] much like the body and that aspects of human behaviour result from [blank_start]evolutionary adaptions[blank_end] that served our [blank_start]ancestral past[blank_end]. The [blank_start]structure and function[blank_end] of the brain has evolves to serve an [blank_start]adaptive function[blank_end] in the [blank_start]environment of evolutionary adaption[blank_end].
Respuesta
  • natural selection
  • evolved
  • evolutionary adaptions
  • ancestral past
  • structure and function
  • adaptive function
  • environment of evolutionary adaption

Pregunta 70

Pregunta
Which of these are examples of evolved behaviours?
Respuesta
  • Aggression to gain territory or resources
  • Defending against attacks
  • Inflicting cost on same sex rivals
  • Negotiating status and power heirarchies
  • Mate selection
  • Imitating parents arguing

Pregunta 71

Pregunta
Hormones are chemical messengers that transmit information around the body though the CNS.
Respuesta
  • True
  • False

Pregunta 72

Pregunta
What is the role of oxytocin?
Respuesta
  • To increase trust between people, making them more generous, loving and caring.
  • To allow a person to flinch.
  • To allow movement of muscles.
  • To maintain male characteristics

Pregunta 73

Pregunta
Which gland releases oxytocin?
Respuesta
  • The pituitary gland
  • The adrenal gland
  • The thyroid gland
  • The kidney

Pregunta 74

Pregunta
Testosterone is an androgen.
Respuesta
  • True
  • False

Pregunta 75

Pregunta
Testosterone impacts behaviour because [blank_start]antenatal exposure[blank_end] to testosterone has an [blank_start]organising effect[blank_end] on the [blank_start]developing brain[blank_end]- increased [blank_start]spatial ability[blank_end] and [blank_start]competitive aggression[blank_end].
Respuesta
  • antenatal exposure
  • organising effect
  • limiting effect
  • developing brain
  • spatial ability
  • phonological ability
  • competitive aggression

Pregunta 76

Pregunta
Testosterone sensitises certain [blank_start]neural circuits[blank_end], for example, it stimulates [blank_start]cell growth[blank_end] in areas of the [blank_start]hypothalamus[blank_end] and amygdala.
Respuesta
  • neural circuits
  • cell growth
  • hypothalamus
  • hippocampus

Pregunta 77

Pregunta
Hormones are very slow.
Respuesta
  • True
  • False

Pregunta 78

Pregunta
The eros is known as the libido and the focus is on enjoyment of life.
Respuesta
  • True
  • False

Pregunta 79

Pregunta
What is the role of the thanatos?
Respuesta
  • Death instinct
  • Makes you angry and aggressive; self destructive
  • Enjoyment and happiness of life
  • Life instinct

Pregunta 80

Pregunta
Which of these apply to the Id?
Respuesta
  • Instincts/unconscious
  • Comes out when you are dreaming
  • Pleasure principle
  • Driven by the Eros and Thanatos
  • Preconscious/reality
  • Present from birth
  • Primitive
  • Develops at 2 years
  • Reality Principle
  • Morality Principle

Pregunta 81

Pregunta
Which of these apply to the Ego?
Respuesta
  • Preconsious/reality
  • Develops at 2 yrs
  • Reality principle
  • Norms of society begin to be learnt
  • Balances personality
  • Primitive
  • Develops at birth
  • Develops at 3-6 yrs
  • Morality principle
  • Pleasure principle

Pregunta 82

Pregunta
Which of these apply to the superego?
Respuesta
  • Develops around 3-6 yrs
  • Morality principle
  • Morality/conscious
  • Controls urges for aggression
  • Child develops a conscience and a sense of what us right (ego ideal)
  • Aggression shown at any point
  • Develops from birth
  • Develops at 2 yrs
  • Reality principle
  • Driven by the Eros and Thanatos

Pregunta 83

Pregunta
A defense mechanism directs our aggression outwardly, so that we harm others and not ourselves, or direct our energy elsewhere.
Respuesta
  • True
  • False

Pregunta 84

Pregunta
Which of these best describes displacement?
Respuesta
  • You take out your anger and frustration on a person or object, not the actual target of your anger.
  • Channeling your aggression into other acceptable behaviour.
  • Denying the emotions you have.

Pregunta 85

Pregunta
Which of these best describes sublimation?
Respuesta
  • You take out your anger and frustration on a person or object, not the actual target of your anger.
  • Channeling your aggression into other acceptable behaviour.
  • Might deny certain emotions

Pregunta 86

Pregunta
Catharsis is a [blank_start]psychodynamic[blank_end] [blank_start]principle[blank_end] that, in it's most basic sense, is simply an [blank_start]emotional release[blank_end]. Aggressive or sexual urges are relieved by releasing aggressive or sexual energy, usually through [blank_start]action or fantasy[blank_end]. E.G watching an emotional film, playing aggressive games, watching a tv series, playing a musical instrument.
Respuesta
  • psychodynamic
  • evolutionary
  • emotional release
  • action or fantasy
  • principle
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