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Study guide for Athens test 11.19.20

climate: the climate in Ancient Greece was warm, so often functions would be held outside, like the ekklesia.

the environment: in Greece was not ideal, there was little area for agriculture, many mountains and no rivers, so good land was a commodity. there was ocean though, which enabled trade among polies

poleis: Ancient Greece wasn't one collective country, it was a geographical region of people with a shared language, but they all had their own government systems. these collections were called Polis. Most greeks wouldn't consider themslefs greeks, they'd say they were a citizen of their polis.

Athens and Sparta were the two largest poleis.

Athens: this powerful poleis heavily valued the arts and education. Their patron goddess was athena and they had immense pride for their home.

Minoan

Mycenaean

hellenic

dark age

Sparta: was very militaristic and authoritarian.Spartans looked down on arts and education and preferred martial arts.

EKKLESIA

the ekklesia made the most important decisions about laws and war. what went in font of the ekklesisa, a minimum of 6,000 people, was decided by the boule

BOULE

the boule was a group of 500 random people from each of the tribes. they decided everyday things and what would go to the ekklesia

DIKASTERIA

this group of random people chosen by lottery functioned as a jury, making judicial decisions

IMPORTANT PEOPLE:

Solon-appointed by oligarchs to reform athenian government. erased social classes, created ekklesia, boule, dikasteria, and divided into tribes.

Cleisthenes-tyrant that seized power from oligarchs, established democracy and tried to help poor people, died and his sons lost power.

wars in order:

first persian war-caused after persian citizens rebelled and athens went to their aid. Persians were led by Darius 1

second persian war- caused by son of Darius, xerxes

Peloponnesian war- caused by conflict with corinth, spartans sided with corinthians. athens was led by pericles