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A02

Voluntary or non voluntary

voluntary relationships aren't necessarily better.Some cultures makes good sense and seems to work well.Divorce rates low, many non voluntary has repoted 70% failing in love with thei partner.

myers- individuals living in india living in a arranged marriage. no difference in marital satisfaction between people in india in arranged marriages and non arranged marriages in the us.

^ in love matches in china. move away from traditional. parents dominate choice was 70% now 10%

Study- china- women who married for love felt better about their marriages than women who experienced arranged marriages.

Shows partner choice is a important factor in sustainable relationships. regardless of culture.

Individual or group based relationships-

parents may be better to judge compatability in long term, young people blinded by love and overlook personal imcompatability which will appear later in the relationships.

Shows that traditional match making is a successful method of finding a partner for a romantic relationship.

x- small sample, suggesting may not be able to be generalised to whole population. Gender bias- only women asked. although women happy in relationship. men may not be.

Whyte- found that mate choice ^ the likelihood of marital stabability.

Attitudes towards romantic relationships and love best explained through, greater urbanisation and mobility found mainly in western cultures.

study found a increase in divorce rates in india. even though, india is a collectivist culture. Most of the divorces are from partners who live in the urban city

This suggests aspirations and attitudes to love and romantic relationships have changed. Due to the ^ mobility and having greater interaction with more potential partners. This us completely different to their parents traditional ways.

Problems with research-

Metholodgiccal issues- Research may be interpreted differently dpending on the culture. Which can invalidate any concusions with cross cultural studies.e.g how to measure love in us may be completely different to how love is shown in a non western culture- cultural bias. Also, self reports, may not be truly accurate as demand characteristics may effect validity as choose what they want in a relationship rather than what its actually like. relationship or feel like they have to say that to make there family and partner happy. especially in a non western culture.

Cultral bias- Psychologist believe us romantic comedies create a unrealistic representation of a romantic relationship which prevents a culturally biased view to young people in uk. Judge own relationships with this perception.

Led to the develop of indigenous psychology. explanations and research methods specific for that culture. Study relationship aspects important to that culture.- get more valid results- more reliable when comparing cultures.

Jhonson and holmes- analysed tp box office films. Questionnaire to describe beliefs and expectations towards romantic relationships. found films like my best friends wedding- fans would have views the reflected relationship themes. for example, coomitment from the moment you meet-inaccurate

Pinker- love as an evolved adaption to promote survival and reproduction. shows LT relationship important. However, for love to be adaptation must be shown across all cultures. Study has found that romantic love not just western cultures but non western like a tribe had clear evidence of love in 90% of the cultures studied. ZEKI- found specialised system which lights up during fmri scans of people who claim to be in love.

This suggests that the influences on relationships are different. however, in terms of love western and non western cultures both have advantages benefit from love. Making all the cultures in terms of loving someone and being loved in return not that different.