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Physiology 3
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- 1Atp is essentially the energy currency of the body. It is the breakdown of ATP that releases energy which the body's tissues such as muscle can use. ATP is made up of?An ATP molecule consists of one adenosine and three (tri) phosphate groups
- 2When we need energy for work a phosphate (P) is broken off ATP. This releases the energy from the bond (exothermic reaction). The store of ATP in the body is limited (80 – 100 g = several seconds of explosive all out exercise – NOT A SIGNIFICANT ENERGY RESERVE). Therefore when a drop in ATP levels is detected in the body re-synthesis must occur.
- 3How is ATP generated?Refer to drawn out diagram
- 4Aerobic Metabolism - in the_______ of oxygen Anaerobic Metabolism - in the _______ of oxygenpresence
absence - 5Humans produce ATP through three metabolic pathways that consist of many enzyme-catalyzed chemical reactions Name the three typesThe ATP -PCr system - Anaerobic metabolism
The glycolytic system - Anaerobic metabolism
The oxidative system - Aerobic metabolism - 6ATP-PCr SYSTEM- Immediate Energy System ATP hydrolysis cleaves Pi releasing energy for work. When ADP and Pi levels increase and ATP level decrease the re-synthesis of ATP occurs PCr is a high energy phosphate molecule in the cell.
- 7Energy systems do not operate independently of each other. Energy generation from the systems is along a continuum – generally one system dominates but other systems are also contributing
- 8Lactic acid quickly dissociates (splits) into ???hydrogen ions (H+) and lactate
- 9It is the H+ particularly that may cause fatigue by1 - Inhibiting muscle contraction
2 - Preventing the resynthesis of ATP - 10What different ways can we measure anaerobic metabolism directly and indirectly?Directly
Muscle biopsy
MRI
Indirectly
Blood lactate
Performance Tests
Vertical Jump Test
Wingate Anaerobic Test
Repeated sprint ability - 11Power = ???Force x Velocity
- 12Work = ???Power x Time
- 13Work is measured ????in Joules (J) and
Power is measured in Watts (W)
100 W = 100 Joules per second (J.s-1) - 14Fatigue Index (%) =Peak Power- End Power
_______________________________
Peak Power - 15SummaryATP is the currency of energy and is in constant balance with ADP
3 energy systems resynthesise ATP from ADP
Direct and indirect methods can determine anaerobic energy production
Wingate Anaerobic Test is a gold standard (indirect) test to measure Power
Key variables of WanT include: peak power, peak power per kg, time to peak power, mean power, work done, fatigue index
Power profile differs with training status
Aerobic metabolism contributes to energy provision during sprint exercise
2 weeks of repeated training can improve sprint and endurance performance
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- Fichas sobre Physiology 3, creado por James Pearce el 28/01/2018.
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