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astronomy exam 3
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- 1terrestial planetsmercury, venus, earth, mars
- 2jovian planetsjupiter, saturn, uranus, neptune
- 3dwarf planetpluto
- 4earth's layerscontinental plate, upper and lower mantles, outer core, inner core
- 5heat rises from ____ through the _______ to the ______core, mantle, crust
- 6the slowing rising heat forms vertical _______ in the _____convection cells, mantle
- 7where 2 neighboring cells rise and fall in OPPOSITE directions. the overlaying plates are dragged APART, allowing molten material to rise up and form new crust.divergent plate boundary
- 8where 2 neighboring cells rise and fall TOWARD each other and overlaying plates are drawn together. less dense plates rise above the denser plates.convergent plate boundary
- 9a combo of weathering and plate tetonics means earth is __________changing all the time
- 10the visible, gaseous surface of the sunphotosphere
- 11________ are located in the photospheresunspots
- 12an active occurence in the Sun that causes light and dark areas in the photosphereconvection
- 13the red-colored layer of the Sun above the photosphere that emits an emission spectrumchromosphere
- 14the outermost layer if the Sun that is highly ionized. it is the hottest layer due to a strong magnetic fieldcorona
- 15giant magnetic storms about the size of Earth on the cooler regions of the photospheresunspots
- 16the Sun generates energy through _____nuclear fusion
- 17the Sun is ____ times larger than Earth110
- 18Earth is ____ times larger than the Moon4
- 19Distances and sizes in the solar system are determined and compared using ____ratios
- 20____ Moons fit across the Sun440
- 21stars can differ insize, luminosity, color, and temperature
- 22stars that are FIRST visible as the sun setsfirst magnitude stars
- 23stars visible after twilightsecond magnitude stars
- 24how bright a star ACTUALLY isabsolute magnitude
- 25how bright a star is VIEWED from Earthapparent magnitude
- 26m stands for ____apparent magnitude
- 27M stands for _____absolute magnitude
- 28the more negative/lower the magnitude number the ______ a star isbrighter
- 29the more positive/higher a magnitude number is the ______ a star isdimmer
- 30stars in the night sky appear different in brightness because of _______distance
- 31which is brighter? Rigel: m = -0.01 Spica: m = 1.0Rigel
- 32a star is located 10 pc away from Earth when ______m = M
- 33a star is located CLOSER than 10 pc from Earth when _________m < M
- 34a star is farther than 10 pc when _____m > M
- 35pcparsecs
- 36spectral types in orderO, B, A, F, G, K, M
- 37a diagram that identifies the differ the relationships of stars by their absolute magnitude, temperature, luminosity, and spectral typeH-R Diagram
- 38Stars that are found in a band from the upper left to the lower right of an H-R diagramMain sequence stars
- 39Stats that are really big, not very hot, and VERY bright.Red giants
- 40Stars that are very small, very hot, and NOT very brightWhite dwarfs
- 41when long will the lifetime of the Sun be?10 billion years (half used up)
- 42what type of star will the Sun become?a white dwarf
- 43an explosive event that is created when collapsing outer layers of a star collapes against and bounes outward off the compact collapsed coresupernovae type II
- 44what happens to the core after a supernovae is determind by ________mass
- 45cores with a mass of 1.4Mo - 3Mo become __________neutron stars
- 46cores with a mass GREATER than 3Mo (>3Mo) become ______black holes
- 47cores with a remaining mass of 1.4 Mo to 3 Mo that is composed of tightly packed neutronsneutron stars
- 48remaining cores with a mass that is greater than 3Mo that continue to collapse onto an infinitely small location in spaceblack holes
- 49blackholes are detected by looking at _______x-rays
- 50the stellar evolution of a red giant with a SMALL mass (<8m_s)planetary nebula -> white dwarf -> nova OR type 1a supernovae
- 51controlled fusion reaction in which the outer layers of the accelerated material are blown off leaving the white dwarf unchangednova
- 52an uncontrolled and violent fusion reaction that causes accelerated material from a white dwarf to explode and leave nothing behindtype 1a supernovae
- 53stellar evolution of a red giant with a large mass (>8m_s)type 2 supernovae -> neutron star OR a black hole
- 54acceration can only be detect in black holes with a _____companion
- 55______ occurs when the strong gravitation of a black hole, with a nearby companion, attracts material from its neighbor and spirals it around the black hole which increase the temperature causign the rapidly moving material to emit large amounts of x-ray radiationacceration
- 56how many stars are in the Milky Way?100 billion
- 57galaxy componetsbulge, disk, halo
- 58how long across is the Milky Way?100,000 lightyears
- 59The Milky Way is made of ______, _______, and ______.gas, dust, and stars
- 60_____ blocks our view of seeing across the galaxydust
- 61we are ____ lightyears out from the center of our galaxy25,000
- 62it would take _____ years to travel to the center of our galaxy25,000
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- Fichas sobre astronomy exam 3, creado por Emma Milausksas el 03/05/2018.
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- Emma Milausksas
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