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- 1The Economic Gains made by Godfrey 1099 - 1100Secured the port of Jaffa with naval support from the Pisan fleet.
Gained tributes from Ascalon, Arsuf, Acre and Caesera
As he expanded, he gained tax over Tiberius, Nazareth and Beisan with the help of Tancred d'Hauteville. - 2The Economic Gains made by Baldwin I 1100 - 1118Made Gervace of Bazoche his royal seneschal who was in charge of financial administration
Money fiefs were established
Baldwin obtained tributes in 1106 and 1107 from the unconquered cities of Sidon and Tyre in return for breaking off his siege
Allied with Toghtekin of Damascus in 1108 and established a 'terre de seuth'
Took Aqaba which is on a trade route between Arabia and Eygpt so could intercept trade to Muslim strongholds. For example, in 1108, Baldwin I and 60 knights attacked a caravan that had not paid its toll. - 3The Economic Gains made by Baldwin II 1118 - 1131Capturing the seaports was a priority for the Kings of Jerusalem. Baldwin II’s capture of Tyre in 1124 ensured they had conquered all the ports on the Palestine coast. Sugar, spices and silks were exported to the west and cotton and metals were imported to the Crusader States. The Kingdom of Jerusalem was made economically stable.
He established the lordship of Outer Jordan to the east of the Dead Sea and built Shawbak castle to dominate the pilgrim’s road and trade route from Mecca to Medina. This also limits communication between Damascus and Egypt. - 4The Political Gains made by Godfrey 1099 - 1100Through his deals with the Pisans, he gains western aid and establishes maritime communications with the West.
Godfrey establishes himself as leader, creating a social order. The fact that he was elected as leader brings the noblemen on side.
He made Tancred Lord of Nazareth in return for his help in Tiberius, Nazareth and Beisan. This creates a dependence on the king which keeps political order. - 5The Political Gains made by Baldwin I 1100 - 1118created a feudal system and landed fiefs were given to the loyal classes. Landed fiefs were not hereditary making lords dependent on the king.
The money raised for landed fiefdoms were used to create money fiefs, rewarding service with cash rather than land’ i.e. Gerard of Chamberlain was given income from the revenues of Jaffa, a royal property.
Created a royal demesne
He created very new few lordships
The KOJ established…
o a High court (parliament of vassals)
o offices of State i.e. Chancellor
o seigniorial courts (law courts of barons)
o viscounts presided over town courts and were responsible for royal revenues
Between 1100 – 1115, he fortified 21 existing castles and build eight new ones providing defence for Outremer - 6The Political Gains made by Baldwin II 1118 - 1131Secured his rule by putting his supporters in key positions i.e. his cousin Joscelin of Courtney became the Count of Edessa.
In 1125, he dealt with Joscelin’s attempt to retain control of Antioch, who acted as regent during Baldwin II’s imprisonment, by putting Bohemond II as POA.
Baldwin II married Morphia of Armenia and produced four daughters, but no sons. He was therefore unable to secure a male line for succession. He married his daughter, Melisende, to count Fulk of Anjou. He resolved the issue of his dynasty by naming Melisende as King of Jerusalem. - 7The Military Gains made by Godfrey 1099 - 1100He gained an army in the form of the Italian merchants. But…
1. They had their own economic agenda
2. They were only a temporary army
Expanding his territory meant…
1. he was better defended
2. gains indigenous support (feudalism)
3. gains more money to pay mercenaries
4. the areas that he has expanding to can no longer be used as bases for Islamic attacks - 8The Military Gains made by Baldwin I 1100 - 1118Builds Montreal castle which dominated the passage from Egypt to Syria in 1115. (Part of Intensive Castle Building Programme)
On the eastern frontier, there was very little control. Bedouin tribes and Muslim trade routes ran through areas to the east of the Sea of Galilee. 1113, Galilee was invaded by Turks, but Baldwin managed to force them to retreat and ensured that troops were garrisoned up to the Red Sea. - 9The Military Gains made by Baldwin II 1118 - 1131During his reign, Baldwin II led 19 military campaigns against the Muslims and subdued the Fatimids at Raphina in 1126.
The manpower issue was never fully resolved. At the battle of the Field of Blood in 1119, Prince Roger of Tripoli was only able to amass 700 knights and 3,000 infantry, but even this number was unable to defeat the threat from Il-Ghazi, the Damishmend rule.
He made constant raids around Damascus between 1125 and 1126 and attempted to take Damascus itself in 1128 after the death of Toghtekin in 1128, with support from a mini crusade, but failed. - 10—
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- Fichas sobre Sin título, creado por Thomas Rogers el 05/05/2019.
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- Thomas Rogers · may 2019
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