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Globalisation theorists: key ideas and dates
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- 1Fredrick JamesonCultural Turn- Postmodernism as a way of tackling the rigidity of Fordism-- A need for a more flexible regime of accumulation.
Similar views to David Harvey. - 2Bhabha(1994)
HYBRIDITY
culture was never copied exactly and instead was just a mixture of different cultures. E.g. Indian civil servants and english bureaucrats - 3Graham and Marvin(2001)
SPLINTERING URBANISM
uneven distribution of ITC developments and networks (new urban landscapes, cultural transformations, economic development) leading to a widening gap between rich and poor countries. - 4Foucault(1984)
He studied how consent and power are distinguished. Power can't be possessed, but someone has power if others consider them to be using it.
The carceral city- a model city where power is decentered and it is controlled by micropwers
Panopticion is a metaphorical disciplinary society where surveillance and CCTV is used. - 5Said(1978)
Ethnocentrism- superiority of western culture.
The orient helped the west define itself as safe, rational and civilised. - 6Mannuel Castells(1996)
The Network Society
Networks are spaces of flows with circulations of people, images, ideas etc
3 levels: Infrastructure, translation and managerial elite.
Winners and Losers of network systems (losers are those left behind who don't have access to IT) - 7McGrew(2007)
Spatio-temporal shrinkage - 8David Harvey(1989)
Time-space compression - 9Dicken(2003)
Global Shrinkage - 10Kitchin(2000)
Death of Distance
The "smart city"- city constantly connected by networks- e.g. London's oyster cards or contactless credit cards - 11Bell(1973)
Postindustrial and neofordist economy
the fall in fordism was causing a decline in heavy industry and the service industry was growing- finance, retail, leisure, entertainment etc - 12Webster(2004)
The Information Society
5 aspects- technology, economy, occupation, spatial (shrinkage), culture (spread of popular culture) - 13Lupton(1999)
RISK
Risk as a cognitive science- meaning statistics are used to determine the frequency, likelihood and severity of a risk.
People are more concerned about risks that are close by and likely to occur. - 14Luhmann(1993)
RISK CONCEPTS - 15Ulrich Beck(1992)
Reflexive Modernism
Modern Risks- nuclear, genetic engineering
The government should aim to grow the economy while protecting the environment
Risks are perceived differently by different people. Eg deforestation and road deaths in Germany
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