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Oceanography Cards
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- 1The only major current that is not in a gyre-configuration (geostrophic) is theWest Wind Drift
- 2Coriolis effectis caused by Earth’s rotation on its axis
- 3A north flowing current in the southern hemisphere (such as the Peru current) will:be moving as part of a counter-clockwise gyre
- 4In the Northern Hemisphere, subtropical gyresrotate clockwise
- 5Upwelling is caused bywinds moving parallel to a coast, such as a northerly wind along the Oregon Coast
- 6Transverse currentsa. include the equatorial currents, which run west on both sides of the equator
b. are faster and narrower in the equatorial currrents than those in the east-ward flowing currents of the mid-latitudes
c. run alongside the equator cause bulging up of water in the western parts of the oceans
d. all of the above - 7The Gulf Stream of the North Atlantic Gyrea. behaves like a meandering river
c. produces cold-core eddies which rotate counter-clockwise
f. both a and c - 8Surface currents are driven by the friction of wind on the ocean's surface, and involve about _____________ of the world ocean.10%
- 9El Niño isthe presence of extra warm water in the Eastern Equatorial Pacific near Ecuador
- 10During La Niña which weather conditions exist?High pressure and drought in Peru and Ecuador
- 11White caps form whenwaves steepen beyond a 7 to 1 ratio of length to height
- 12When a deep-water wave moves past a molecule of water, the moleculetravels in a circular motion
- 13Rogue waves are usually the result ofconstructive interference
- 14The smooth undulation of the ocean surface, called swell,a. is produced by the process of wave separation, or dispersion
b. can move thousands of kilometers across an ocean
c. with the same origin and wavelength can join, in progressing groups called wave trains
d. all of the above - 15A deep-water wave is defined as a wave moving through waterdeeper than 1/2 its length
- 16Tsunamisa. can be generated by movements along an underwater fault
b. can have wavelengths up to 200 kilometers long
e. a and b only - 17Wavelength is defined asc. the horizontal distance between successive crests (or troughs)
- 18Three factors directly affect the growth of wind waves. They includee. wind velocity
- 19Three factors directly affect the growth of wind waves. They includeb. fetch
- 20Waves transmitc. energy
- 21The tidal range at amphidromic pointsb. is very low
- 22How does the tidal range change with distance from the amphidromic points?d. it increases as one moves away from the points
- 23Tides are:a. periodic, short-term changes in the height of the ocean surface at a particular place
c. the longest of all waves, with a wavelength can equal half the earth's circumference
e. a and c only are true - 24The Cape Hatteras lighthouse, as well as Atlantic City, Miami Beach, and Palm Beach, are actually built on:d. barrier islands
- 25Coastlines which experience semi-diurnal tides havea. two high tides and two low tides of nearly equal level each lunar day
- 26Which of the following processes is affected by tides?a. invertebrate reproduction
b. all of the above are affected
c. coastal estuarine sedimentation
d. pollutant transport - 27Where are deltas most common?d. On the low energy shores of enclosed seas, and the tectonic trailing edge of continents
- 28A tidal bore is:a. associated with river inlets exposed to severe tidal fluctuation
b. considered to be a "true" tidal wave
c. sometimes associated with a flood tide
d. all of the above - 29An ebb current is a type of:c. tidal current
- 30The Pacific Coast of North America is considered very active tectonically, resulting in which type of continental shelf?essentially non-existant
- 31Which of the following grain sizes would most likely form the steepest beach?d. large particles, or cobbles
- 32Common features of a depositional coast include:a. Beaches
- 33Factors which determine the character of an estuary include:a. the shape of the estuary
b. the range of the tides at the estuary's mouth
c. the volume of the river flow at the head of the estuary
d. all of the above - 34The movement of water along a coast by wave action is calledlongshore current
- 35The type of estuary which forms where a rapidly flowing river enters the ocean in an area where tidal range is low or moderate is a:b. salt-wedge estuary
- 36The foreshore of a beach:a. is seaward of the berm crest
b. is the active zone of the beach, being washed by waves during the daily rise and fall of tides
c. has at it's upper reach the base of the berm, or perhaps a scarp which is is being carved by wave action at high tide
d. all of the above - 37Man-made structures which could potentially alter a beaches balance between accumulation of sand and destruction by waves include:a. breakwaters
b. sea walls
c. groins
d. all of the above - 38An irregular coastline with headlands will:a. due to wave refraction eventually produce sea caves and sea stacks
b. undergo erosion, and the sediment produced will collect in the calm bays between the headlands
c. unless renewed by uplift of the coastline will eventually become a smooth shoreline
d. all of the above - 39Eustatic sea level change refers to:a. globally-measured sea level variations
- 40Sea caves are formed:d. in cliffs at local zones of rock weakness
- 41Organisms that must consume other organisms in order to survive are called:b. Heterotrophs
- 42The mass extinction which caused the demise of the dinosaurs occurredd about:d. 65 million years ago at the end of the Cretaceous Period
- 43According to the video, the molecule that may bridge the gap between the primordial soup and the origin of life as we know it today is:b. RNA
- 44Which group includes the largest varieties of organisms known as extremeophiles?d. Archaea
- 45All life on Earth is related, sharing a __________ ancestor.d. common
- 46Two domains that contain organisms that are prokaryotes are the Archaea and the:d. bacteria
- 47What is a species?c. a group of organisms that can interbreed and produce fertile offspring and that are reproductively isolated from all other groups
- 48Which of these organisms are endothermic?Mammals, birds, and a few fish are
- 49A group of organisms that is actually, or potentially, interbreeding and reproductively isolated from other such groups is a:b. species
- 50Which of these is not critical to the process of (Darwinian) evolution?c. Mutations occur only when it is necessary to produce more "fit" individuals.
- 51In the carbon cycle animals primarily:c. Release carbon as carbon dioxide (CO2)
- 52Most simple marine organisms have nearly the same concentration of dissolved substances in their body fluids as sea water does. This condition is called being:d. isotonic
- 53What does pelagic mean?d. of the open ocean
- 54A fluid's resistance to flow is called:a. viscosity
- 55What is the pattern of complex feeding relationships of a group of organisms linked by the flow of energy from primary producers through consumers?a. food web
- 56The euphotic zone of the ocean:a. typically extends approximately 230 feet in depth
b. amounts to less than 1% of the world's total ocean volume
c. is where there is enough sunlight energy available for plant primary production by photosynthesis to exceed the loss of carbohydrates by respiration.
d. All of the above. - 57Why do oxygen-minimum zones exist?e. because organic matter settling through the water column uses up oxygen as it decays
- 58The main inorganic nutrients required in primary productivity include:a. nitrogen
b. phosphorus
e. a and b only
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- Fichas sobre Oceanography Cards , creado por Brenda Medina el 15/08/2019.
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