Fichas
CSR Session 5
Fichas del conjunto (7)
- 1What are ethical theories and why do we need them? Is ethical theory of any practical use to managers?Morality is concerned with the norms, values, and beliefs embedded in social processes which define right and wrong for an individual or a community.
•Ethics is concerned with the study of morality and the application of reason to elucidate specific rules and principles that determine right and wrong for a given situation.
•These rules and principles are called ethical theories.
Ethical theories are the rules and principles that determine right and wrong for a given situation.
•They help to judge difficult ethical problems and provide a basis for rational discourse about different moral views of a problem.
•Every day we are confronted with situations in which we have to decide about right and wrong.
•In business contexts, these decisions may become far more complex.
•And: decisions need to be justifiablein front of stakeholders/ the public. - 2Which ethical theory do you think is most commonly used in business? Provide evidence to support your assertion and give reasons explaining why this theoretical approach is more likely than others to dominate business decisions.Utilitarianism: very compatible with qunatitative methodology of of economics/Outcome maximization (cost Benefit Analysis) --> However, changing way of thinking, Stakeholder Theory gains importance (Rights&duties for Managers) contradicts traditional economic thinking
- 3Describe the “trolley problem” and the “transplant problem”. Discuss the problems from the perspectives of non-consequentialist as well as consequentialist ethics. Which problems of utilitarianism do these thought experiments reveal?Trolley Problem: Morally permissible to turn a trolley which is going to kill 5 workmen in order to only kill 1
Transplant Problem: Operate healthy Young man in order to save 5 peoples life by donating Organs
--> regarding the Outcomes (consequentional ethics) both are the same, however, intrinsic Quality of the act is different
- Problems of Utilitarianism:
–Subjectivity of Costs/benefits
–Distribution of Utility(sometimes if one person suffers to a great extent, many others can benefit ;utility is very unequally distributed)
–Problems of quantification(1.Intensity
2.Duration 3.Certainty (of occurrence)
4.Promptness 5.Fertility (for other feelings) 6.Purity 7.Number of affected People) - 4What are ethics of rights and ethics of duties?Ethics of rights: start by assigning a right to one party and then advocating a corresponding duty on another party to protect that right.
•Ethics of duties: begin with assigning of a duty to act in a certain way to an actor.
•Central to many religious perspectiveson business ethics.
•Start from a divine revelation: duties to god, god-givenrights.
•What is right and wrong has a divine, eternal validity, regardless whether the outcomes are in anybody‘s self-interest or result in more pleasure and pain. - 5What is the relationship between Kantian deontological ethics and stakeholder theory?Stakeholder theory is based on Kantian deontological ethic (based on Rights, rules, principles):
•Treat your stakeholders (employees, customers, suppliers, local communities) not as means (of production, sources of income) but as constituencies with goals and priorities of their own.
•Companies have a duty to allow these stakeholders some degree of influence in the corporation - 6What are the problems of deontological ethics as, e.g., Kant’s categorical imperative?Complexity (can we expect decision makers to engage in cognitively complex reflections?--> 3 maxims, generalizability, human dignity, universality)
Optimism (is idea of human realistic? Rationality, sees human, likes him)
Undervaluing Outcomes (Jewish neighbours-hide-dont lie to Police) - 7What are the two main families of western modernist ethical theories? Explain the differences between these two approaches to ethical theory.Teleological/consequential ethics: Focused on Outcome of Actions
Non consequentialist ethics(deontological): Focus on Motivation/principles for actions
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- Descripción
- Betriebswirtschaftslehre Fichas sobre CSR Session 5, creado por Bung Wer el 04/12/2019.
- Creado por
- Bung Wer
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