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CompTIA IT Fundamentals ITF+

Caitlin Blevins Inglés 56 fichas

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14 Stages of Computing Process1. Input
2. Processing
3. Output
4. Storage
2(LAN)Local Area Network
-devices on same network locally
3SwitchA device built into a router that other devices connect to to talk to each other
4(WAN)Wide Area Network
-2 or more LAN networks connected together. Router connects to a switch to communicate to one another
5BackboneThe huge connections the internet is made of
6Remotely Accessed Computer SystemsOnline apps that use remote servers
7Specialized Computers / Specialty DevicesDevices made for a specific task such as a printer, digital camera, etc.
8POSPoint of Sale System
-machine meant to sell stuff that connects to a remote server to process purchase.
(ATM, gas pump, etc.)
9CPUCentral Processing Unit
10Hertz (Hz)Basic measurement of CPU's speed. Measured in frequency (1 Hz = 1 cycle per second.)
11Gigahertz (GHz)A billion cycles per second. Modern CPUs are measured with this
1232-bit ProcessorOnly supports 32-bit software.
Can only support 4 Gb of RAM
1364-bit ProcessorOnly supports 64-bit software.
Can handle millions more memory than 32-bit
14Passive CoolingRelies on air to draw heat away from electronic parts
15Heat SinkStructure that draws heat away from electronic parts and helps heat dissipate in the air. Copper or Aluminum structures.
16Active CoolingUses a device to push or pull heat from computing components.
Ex: A fan (pull heat out into air) and liquid cooling (carries heat away in liquid filled tubes)
17RAMRandom Access Memory
-holds all active programming on computer (OS and data)
-store data only temporarily
18System MemoryThe amount of usable RAM in a computer.
-how much stuff a computer can work on at one time.
19DIMMDual Inline Memory Modules
-sticks of RAM on side of motherboard
20MotherboardMain printed circuit board. Everything connects to a motherboard and every computing device has one.
21ATXAdvanced Technology eXtended
-a motherboard and power supply configuration specification
22Micro (μ) ATXMicro Advanced Technology eXtended
-standard of motherboards
-μ is used commonly to mean micro
23μMicro (Greek letter for Mu)
24ACAlternating Current
-used by electrical grids (wall sockets)
-invented by Tesla
25DCDirect Current
-Computing devices use this
-Batteries provide this
-invented by Edison
26Power AdapterTakes AC out of wall socket, converts it to DC, and recharges battery. (Cell phones, tablets, cameras, etc.)
27Power BrickPower Adapter for laptops.
28PSUPower Supply Unit
-computers use this
-the AC power converted to DC power directly runs computer without battery
29PS/2 Connector-very old mouse and keyboard port
30USBUniversal Serial Bus
-used for a variety of things
31HDMI ConnectorHigh Definition Multimedia Interface
-used for high def for both audio and video
32VGA Connector-standard definition
-used for older monitors
-it is blue
33Display Port Connector-high definition video and audio mainly used for PCs
-similar to HDMI
34DVI connectorStandard definition for monitors.
-better resolution than VGA
-used for larger screens
-it is white
35eSATA connectorExternal Serial Advanced Technology Attachment
-used for external drives and devices
-not commonly used as much anymore
-sometime red
36RJ-45 ConnectorEthernet
-connecting networks
37Audio Connectors-colored circle ports
-Green = Speakers
-Pink = Microphone
38USB-A-standard rectangular USB
39USB-B-roughly square USB
-The Standard-B design is used for connecting large peripheral devices, such as printers or scanners, to a computer and was made for the USB 1.1
40USB Mini-B and USB Micro-B-used to connect digital devices to PCs
-micro-B is used for more compact devices (smart phones)
41Micro-B USB 3.0-used for small portable devices
-10x faster
42USB-C-Universal Connector
-symmetrical on both sides
-fast and carries more power. 10 Gbps transfer rate
43BinaryBase 2
-The way computers count
-deals with electricity and wires
-1 means electricity is on
-0 means electricity is off
-every wire doubles the binary combinations which doubles complexity
44HDDHard Disk Drive
-most common, mass used storage device
-long term storage
-measured by complexity (how much info they can hold) and speed (how fast they can access info)
45DigitalMeans it operates on digits. 1's and 0's
46Bit-1 digit
-smallest unit of data in a computer
47Byte-8 bits
-how we measure storage compacity
48Kilobyte (kb)1024 bytes
49Megabyte (mb)1024 kilobytes
50Gigabyte (gb)1024 megabytes
51Terabyte (tb)1024 gigabytes
-most modern devices are measured with this
52SSDSolid State Drive
-interior hard drive
-very fast
-performs better than HDD
-local direct storage
53External Disk Drive-portable storage
- typically have high storage capacities and are often used to back up computers or serve as a network drive
-local direct storage
54Optical MediaCD, DVD, Blu-Ray Disk
-local direct storage
55Flash DriveLocal direct storage
56NASNetwork Attached Storage
-2-6 Hard Drive machine
-has own OS system
-connects to the internet
-share with other locations by logging in
-good for backup