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Anatomy flashcards
Fichas del conjunto (85)
- 1Name the two parts of the skeletonaxial and appendicular
- 2What does the appendicular skeleton include?the extremities including the pectoral girdle and the pelvic girdle
- 3What are the two functions of the skin?protection and sensation
- 4Name the order of the layers of the skin from superficial to deepepidermis, dermis, hypodermis (superficial fascia)
- 5In what layer of skin is the reticular layer?epidermis
- 6What are some of the things found in the superficial fascia?fat, nerves, arteries, veins, fibrous connective tissue and retinacula cutaneous fascia
- 7What joins a bone to bone?ligament
- 8How many total vertebrae are there?33
- 9What does the spinal nerve flow through?vertebral foramina
- 10What makes up the vertebral arch or the neural arch?pedicles and lamina
- 11In which was does a superior articulating facet face?posterior
- 12Which way it the medial end of the clavicle curved?concave posterior
- 13Which end of the clavicle is flattened?acromial end
- 14Which side of the clavicle is the concoid tubercle on?the lateral end
- 15What inserts on the lateral posterior side of the clavicle?Trapezius ligament
- 16What muscle inserts on the inferior spine of the scapula?deltoid
- 17What is the only bone attached to the scapula?clavicle
- 18Which is more anterior, the lesser tubercle of the humerus or the greater tubercle?lesser
- 19What is the action of the upper fibers of the Trapezius?pull up on the clavicle and elevate the shoulder girdle.
- 20What is the action of the middle fibers of the Trapezius?elevates the acromion and rotates the scapula enabling full abduction and retraction of the scapula
- 21Where does the latissimus dorsi insert?the intertubercular groove on the humerus
- 22What is the origin of the latissimus dorsi?Aponeuotic . SP of T7-S2, iliac crest, thoracocolumbar fascia and the lower four ribs
- 23What is the origin and insertion of the levator scapulae?origin: TP C1-4
inserts: superior angle of scapula - 24What innervates the levator scapulae?Ventral primary rami of C3-4
- 25What supplies blood to both the trapezius and the levator scapulae?transverse cervical artery
- 26What is the origin of the rhomboid major?SP T2-5
- 27What is the action of the serratus anterior?protracts the scapula, elevates the acromion and rotates glenoid cavity up
- 28How man articular processes are on each vertebrae?4
- 29What type of joint is the articulation between the AP facets?synovial gliding joints
- 30How is the intervertebral foramina formed?Each pedicle has a superior and inferior vertebra notch and when they are out together they form a foramina in which the spinal nerves can pass out of
- 31List all of the unique characteristics of the cervical vertebrae.small vertebral bodies
large vertebral foramina
transverse foramina (vertebral artery)
The TP end in posterior and anterior tubercles
The TP are short and C7 is the vertebral prominens - 32List all of the unique characteristics of the thoracic vertebraesmaller vertebral foramina
larger vertebral bodies
long, pointed down SP
costal facets on the vertebral body and on the TP
TP pointed at 2 and 10 o' clock - 33What are the remnant TPs of S1 called?Ala
- 34What is the lateral mass on the sacral vertebrae?the fused remnants of the TPs of S2-5
- 35What are the holes on the front of the sacral vertebrae called?Pelvic sacral foramina
- 36What is the dorsal root of the spinal cord in charge of?sensory input
- 37What occurs in the dorsal root ganglion?the information travels to the sensory cell bodies which relay the message to the neuron cell bodies which take to brain
- 38What do the spinal nerves branch into?ventral and dorsal rami
- 39What sensory information does the DPR carry to the spine?from the skin of the back
- 40What muscles do the DPR innervate?The deep back muscles
- 41Where is the cervical plexus?C1-4
- 42Where is the brachial plexus?C5-T1
- 43How many total pairs of spinal nerves are there?31
- 44How many pairs of cervical spinal nerves are there?8
- 45What are the middle back muscles and where is there origin and insertion?Posterior superior serratus
o: SP C6-T2
i: top 4 posterior ribs
Posterior inferior serratus
o: SP T11-L2
i: bottom 4 posterior ribs - 46What is the origin and insertion of the splenius capitis and cervicis?Capitis: origintes SP C7-T3, inserts mastoid process and superior nuchal line
Cervicis: originates SP T3-6, inserts TP C1-4 - 47What is the unilateral action of the erector spinae muscles?lateral flexion
- 48From lateral to medial what are the three columns of the erector spinae?iliocostalis, longissimus, spinalis
- 49What is the origin and insertion of Semispinalis capitis?originates TP T1-6 and AP C5-7 and inserts between the superior and inferior nuchal line
- 50The multifidus run from the TP to the __.SP of 3 vertebrae above
- 51What are the two types of rotators?longus and brevis
- 52In what areas of the back can you find the intertransversari and the interspinales?the cervical and the lumbar but NOT the thoracic
- 53Which muscles make up the suboccipital triangle?rectus capitis posterior major, obliquus capitis inferior and the obliquus capitis superior
- 54What is the action of the obliquus capitis superior?lateral flexion to the same side
- 55Where does the rectus capitis posterior minor originate?SP of C1 (inserts on medial inferior nuchal line)
- 56What can be found in the suboccipital triangle?the vertebral artery and suboccipital nerve
- 57What pierces the semispinalis muscle?greater occipital nerve
- 58What are the 4 types of fibrous joints?syndesmosis, gomphosis, suture, interosseous membrane
- 59What is an example of a synchrondosis joint?growth plate
- 60What is an example of a fibrocartilaginous joint?intervertebral joint
- 61List some of the defining features of a synovial joint.capsule, hyaline cartilage, syovial membrane, collateral ligament, intraarticulating disk, intracapsular joint ligament, and extracapsular joint ligament
- 62name the types of the synovial joint.Ball and socket- glenohumeral joint
gliding (plane)- AP to AP, or intercarpal
pivot- radioulnar joint
saddle- thumb metacarpal to carpal
hinge- humeroulnar joint
condyloid- metacarpophalageal joint - 63Describe the annulus fibrosus and the nucleus pulposus.annular fibrosis is the surrounding ring of the intervertebral disk and the pulposus is inside
- 64Where are the most common sites of rupture on the intervertebral disk?posteriolateral
- 65What is the supraspinous ligament called from C1-C7?nuchal ligament
- 66What does the interspinous ligament do?It resists flexion and covers neural arch
- 67Where is the ligamentum flavum?It is inside the vertebral canal on the posterior side
- 68What do the ALL and the PLL have in common?They are both weak laterally
- 69Are kyphotic curves primary or secondary?primary
- 70Which motion is the atlas responsible for?nodding head yes at occipito atlanto joint
- 71What kind of joint does the dens make with the atlas?pivot
- 72What does the alar ligament hold the dens to?skull
- 73What does the apical ligament hold the dens to?occipital body
- 74What does the PLL become at C1 and 2?tectorial membrane
- 75What does the ligamentum flavum become?posterior atlanto-occipital membrane
- 76What is the name of the end of the spinal cord and where does it end?conus medullaris at L2
- 77What is special about the arachnoid mater?it secretes cerebral spinal fluid
- 78What encloses the scapular notch?Transverse scapular ligament (hard like bone) suprascapular artery over and suprascapular nerve under (army over navy)
- 79What is the insertion of the infraspinatus and what does it do?inserts on posterior greater tubercle and it laterally rotates
- 80What is the blood supply for the teres minor?scapular circumflex artery
- 81What does the subscapularis do?medially rotates shoulder
- 82What can be found in the triangular space?scapular circumflex artery
- 83What can be found in the quadrangular space?posterior humeral circumflex artery and axillary nerve
- 84What innervates the teres major?lower subscapular nerve
- 85What is the nerve and the artery for the deltoid?axillary nerve and the posterior humeral circumflex artery
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- graduate NBCOT prep Fichas sobre Anatomy flashcards, creado por JennyMurnan el 24/04/2015.
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- JennyMurnan
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