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Flashcards 3
Fichas del conjunto (35)
- 1acidA substance that releases hydrogen ions (H+) into solution, a solution with a pH less than 7.
- 2acidicReffering to a solution with an H+ concentration exceeding that of OH-; referring to a substance that releases H+.
- 3antioxidantAny molecule that reacts with free radicals, neutralizing their ability to damage biological molecules.
- 4atomThe smallest particle of an element that remains the properties of the element.
- 5atomic nucleusThe central part of an atom that contains protons and neutrons.
- 6atomic numberThe number of protons in the nuclei of all atoms of a particular element.
- 7baseA subsantace capable of combining with and neutralizing H+ ions in a solution.
- 8bufferA compound that minimizes changes in pH by reversibly taking up or releasing H+ ions.
- 9chemical bondAn attraction between two atoms or molecules that tends to hold them together.
- 10cohesionThe tendency of the molecules of a substance to stick together.
- 11covalent bondA chemical bond between atoms in which electrons are shared.
- 12dissolveThe process by which solvent molecules completely surround and disperse the individual atoms or molecules of another substance, the solute.
- 13electronA subatomic particle, found in an electron shell outside the nucleus of an atom, that bears a unit of negative charge and very little mass.
- 14electron shellA region in an atom within which electrons orbit, each shell corresponds to a fixed energy level at a given distance from the nucleus.
- 15elementA substance that cannot be broken dwon, or converted, to a simpler substance by ordinary chemical means.
- 16free radicalA molecule containing ana atom with an unpaired electron, which makes it highly unstable and reactive with nearby molecules.
- 17heat of vaporizationThe energy that must be supplied to a compound to transform it from a liquid into a gas at its boiling temperature.
- 18hydrogen bondThe weak attraction between a hydrogen atom that bears a partial positive charge and another atom that beans a partial negative charge.
- 19hydrophilicPertaining to molecules that dissolve readily in water, or to molecules that form hydrogen bonds with water, polar.
- 20hydrophobicPertaining to molecules that do not dissolve in water or form hydrogen bonds with water, nonpolar.
- 21hydrophobic interactionThe tendency for hydrophobic molecules to cluster together when immersed in water.
- 22ionA charged atom or molecule, has either an excess of electrons or has lost electrons.
- 23ionic bondA chemical bond formed by the electrical attraction between positively and negatively charged ions.
- 24isotopeOne of several forms of a single element, the nuclei of which contain the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons.
- 25mass numberThe total number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom.
- 26moleculeA particle composed of one or more atoms held together by chemical bonds.
- 27neutronA subatomic particle that is found in the nuclei of atoms, bears no change, and has a mass approximately equal to that of a proton.
- 28nonpolar covalent bondA covalent bond with equal sharing electrons.
- 29pH scaleA scale used for measuring the relative acidity of a solution.
- 30polar covalent bondA covalent bond with unequal sharing of electrons, such that one atom is relatively negative and the other is relatively positive.
- 31protonA subatomic particle that is found in the nuclei of atoms.
- 32radioactivePertaining to an atom with an unstable nucleus that spontaneously disintegrates, with the emission of radiation.
- 33solutionA solvent containing one or more dissolved substances.
- 34specific heatThe amount of energy required to raise the temperature of 1 gram of a substance by 1 °C.
- 35surface tensionThe property of a liquid to resist penetration by objects at its interface with the air, due to cohesion between molecules of the liquid.
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- Fichas sobre Flashcards 3, creado por María Ximena Morales Aguiluz el 18/02/2021.
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- María Ximena Morales Aguiluz
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