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rivison year 8
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- 1ransowmarewhen you hack into files of big copines and make the pay lots of money to get them back
- 2black hattersthe black hat hacker hacked in to your accounted and might put in the interned
- 3whight hat hackersget paid to hack into your account then tells you how he got in so you can mend it
- 4gray hat hackershackes into you account then tells you all of the problems and gives you time to fixes it if you don't he puts your self on the intent
- 5ecriptionOne way to help prevent data from falling into the wrong hands is to encrypt it
Encryption means altering data so that it can not be read by anyone other than the intended recipient - 6ceser cipherThis is a cipher used by Julius Caesar nearly 2000 years ago
In order to protect his orders from being intercepted and read, he would shift every letter in the alphabet by 3: - 7cracking encryptionCracking encryption is the act of obtaining the plaintext from ciphertext without the key
A good cipher is one that is difficult to crack
Is the Caesar Cipher a very easy cipher to crack
If we didn’t know the key (shift), how could we go about cracking it? - 8Brute forceOne method of cracking a cipher is to use brute force
In this method, we try every possible key until the output makes sense
With a Caesar Cipher, there are only 26 possible keys – a human could crack it in minutes, and a computer could crack it in microseconds - 9substation cipherA more difficult cipher to crack is a substitution cipher
In this cipher, the alphabet is randomly shuffled , rather than shifted, so each letter can match any other letter:
There are 67108863 possible keys (combinations of the 26 letters) - 10morden incriptionModern encryption methods used to encrypt a business’ data and securely transfer information on line uses complex mathematics to combine a key and the data to produce the ciphertext
One of the most widely uses systems is RSA
RSA can use a key of different lengths, the longest being 2048 bits
The longer the key the more difficult to crack - 11good encryptionA computer brute forcing an RSS-2048 key would take around 300 trillion years, and statistical attacks are very difficult
This type of encryption is referred to as being computationally secure – it can be cracked, but not in a reasonable time with the equipment we currently have
A quantum computer could crack RSA-2048 in about 10 seconds, but they don’t exist… yet. - 12antiviriusMalware is any software on your computer that is designed to cause harm
In computing a virus is a very particular type of malware, which alters the code of an existing program, and spreads by infecting other applications
Most people tend to use “virus” to mean any kind of malware, although it’s not technically correct
In the same way, most security software is marketed as “antivirus”, although in reality it deals with all malware, not just viruses
Antivirus software works by scanning all your programs and files, and comparing the code to a database of “signatures” – segments of code that indicate the presence of known malware
If detected, the malware can usually be removed, or the infected application be disabled
Antivirus software can only remove malware that is in its database – new malware won’t be detected
Antivirus software must be kept up to date with the latest malware signatures – out of data antivirus software is useless - 13backupsBackups are copies of important data, stored on a separate system
If data is damaged or lost either accidentally or as the result of a cyberattack, then it can be restored from the most recent backup - 14hackingHacking is any unauthorised access to computer data
It doesn’t have to be anything technical, and is rarely what you see on television
Any method of gaining access to data you shouldn’t be accessing is hacking - 15phisingPhishing scams trick you into entering an accounts username and password into a fake website, which stores your details.
A cybercriminal could use them to log into your real account and steal data, such as your security questions.
Phishing scams often direct victims to a fake bank website, and are used to steal money from the real account. - 16malwarePhishing scams trick you into entering an accounts username and password into a fake website, which stores your details.
A cybercriminal could use them to log into your real account and steal data, such as your security questions.
Phishing scams often direct victims to a fake bank website, and are used to steal money from the real account.
Malware gets onto computers in a couple of different ways:
Tricking somebody into running a file
Exploiting a mistake in some other software to run code it wasn’t designed to run - 17bontnetCybercriminals try to create networks of compromised computers called botnets
These botnets can be sent instructions
Spam email, phishing attacks and other criminal activity is usually done through a botnet, making it much harder for police to trace
If your computer is part of a botnet, it will be following these instructions without you knowing - 18key loggerA Keylogger is a piece of software that intercepts keyboard strokes and stores everything that is typed
This data is then sent to the cybercriminals, who search through it for valuable information such as usernames and passwords
Información
- Descripción
- flash cards
- Creado por
- James Abbott · mar 2021
- Actualizado
- 15 mar 2021
- Visitas
- 4
- Valoración