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Chapter 6 Key Terms
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- 1Accounting Information SystemA system that records, processes, reports, and communicates the results of business transactions to provide financial and nonfinancial information to make decisions and have appropriate levels of internal controls for those transactions.
- 2Business ValueItems, events, and interactions that determine the financial health and well-being of the firm.
- 3Certified Information Systems AuditorThe CISA designation identifies those professionals possessing IT audit, control, and security skills. Generally, CISAs will perform IT audits to evaluate the accounting information system’s internal control design and effectiveness.
- 4Certified Information Technology ProfessionalThe CITP designation identifies accountants (CPAs) with a broad range of technology knowledge and experience.
- 5Certified Internal AuditorThe CIA designation is the certification for internal auditors and is the standard to demonstrate competency and professionalism in the internal auditing field.
- 6Cost Accounting SystemA system designed to aggregate, monitor, and report to management about revenues, costs, and profitability to formulate job and process costing data, budget information, and standard costing data and allocate overhead.
- 7Customer Relationship Management SystemInformation system used to manage and nurture a firm’s interactions with its current and potential clients. CRM software often includes the use of database marketing tools to learn more about the customers and to develop strong firm-to-customer relationships.
- 8DataRaw facts or statistics that, absent a context, may have little meaning.
- 9Discretionary InformationInformation that is generated according to one’s own judgment.
- 10Enterprise SystemA centralized database that collects data from throughout the firm. Commercialized information system that integrates and automates business processes across a firm’s value chain located within and across organizations.
- 11Firm InfrastructureActivities needed to support the firm, including the CEO and the finance, accounting, and legal departments.
- 12Human Resource ManagementActivities include recruiting, hiring, training, and compensating employees.
- 13Human Resource Management SystemA system that records and tracks interactions of a company’s employees, such as employee records, payroll, attendance management, and performance evaluations.
- 14Inbound LogisticsActivities associated with receiving and storing raw materials and other partially completed materials and distributing those materials to manufacturing when and where they are needed.
- 15InformationData organized in a way meaningful to the user.
- 16Information OverloadThe difficulty a person faces in understanding a problem and making a decision as a consequence of too much information.
- 17Information Value ChainThe overall transformation from a business need and business event to the collection of data and information to an ultimate decision.
- 18Mandatory InformationInformation that is required to be generated or provided by law or regulation.
- 19Marketing and Sales ActivitiesActivities that identify the needs and wants of their customers to help attract them to the firm’s products and buy them.
- 20OperationsActivities that transform inputs into finished goods and services.
- 21Outbound LogisticsActivities that warehouse and distribute the finished goods and distribute them to the customers.
- 22ProcurementActivities that involve purchasing inputs such as raw materials, supplies, and equipment.
- 23Sarbanes–Oxley Act of 2002A response to business scandals such as Enron, WorldCom, and Tyco International; requires public companies registered with the SEC and their auditors to annually assess and report on the design and effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting.
- 24Service ActivitiesActivities that provide the support of customers after the products and services are sold to them (e.g., warranty repairs, parts, instruction manuals, etc.).
- 25Supply ChainThe flow of materials, information, payments, and services from raw materials suppliers, through factories and warehouses, all the way to the final customers of the firm’s products.
- 26Supply Chain Management SystemSoftware that connects the focal firm with its suppliers. It generally addresses segments of the supply chain, including manufacturing, inventory control, and transportation.
- 27Systems AnalystPerson responsible for both determining the information needs of the business and designing a system to meet those needs.
- 28TechnologySupports value-creating activities in the value chain. These technologies also include research and development to develop new products or determine ways to produce products at a cheaper price.
- 29Value ChainA chain of critical business processes that creates value at a company.
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- Fichas sobre Chapter 6 Key Terms, creado por HUNTER HANQUIST el 30/08/2025.
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