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History SA2
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- 1How did chroniclers describe King John?He is described as the worst king to have ever sat on the English throne
- 2What were King Johns positive and negative qualities?Suspicious, untrustworthy and sometimes cruel.
Well educated, intelligent and very active in governing the kingdom. He was always on the move, regularly visiting every corner of the country. On his travels he saw that laws were carried out, judged many disputes himself and kept a close watch on the work of royal officials - 3Compare King John to his father, Henry IILike his father he was well educated, intelligent and very active in governing the kingdom
- 4Compare John to his brother, Richard IJohn was better than brother as he was always on the move, regularly visiting every corner of the country. On his travels he saw that laws were carried out, judged many disputes himself and kept a close watch on the work of royal officials.
However Richard was admired for his successes on the battlefield whereas John suffered heavy defeats. He failed in most things he tried to do. - 5What were King Johns troubles?1)John was unlucky in having to face a powerful and determined enemy - King Phillip II of France. It was a great ambition of his life to conquer the French lands belonging to the Plantagenet kings.
2)He lacked his brother's ability to lead and inspire an army
3)He harmed his cause by acts of cruelty and his nephew, Count of Brittany was murdered for fighting against his uncle
4)Many of John' subjects joined Phillip who soon had a string of victories
5)John demanded much larger reliefs and scutages than previous kings as he needed money to fight another war
6)The barons accused the King of going against the customs of the realm
7)John also got into trouble with the Church. He quarreled with the Pope, Innocent III, who refused to accept his choice of a new Archbishop of Canterbury. Innocent chose Stephen Langton but John rejected him. - 6What is a relief?When a baron died, his son had to pay what was called a relief before he could take over his fathers lands. John demanded much larger reliefs than previous kings.
- 7What was scutage?The payment kings could claim instead of military service. John asked for larger scutages.
- 8How did John plan to get his lands back?1)John made a determined effort to get back his French lands in the summer of 1214.
2)On his side was Otto IV of Germany who agreed to attack King Phillip from the north while John came up from the south
3)Phillip defeated John at Bouvines, in Flanders and the plan was ruined. John came back to England, short of money, to face a baronial rebellion. - 9What were the reasons for the baronial rebellion?1)A powerful group of barons had been plotting against King John for sometime
2)Many had been forced to pay vast sums of money to the King and some had been denied proper justice in court. - 10What was the result of the baronial rebellion?1)John could not prevent the rebels from occupying London
2)He fled to Windsor Castle and asked for peace, knowing it was impossible to resist any longer - 11What was the Magna Carta?A piece of parchment that had everything the King had promised written on it in Latin that was attached to a wax impression of the Great Seal. It was one of the most important documents in English History (The Great Charter)
- 12What were the terms of the Magna Carta?1)John was not to ask for scutage until his tenants agreed to it
2)Relief a baron had to pay when he inherited his fathers lands was fixed at £100
3)Barons must grant to their own tenants what the King was granting them
4)The relief of a knight was fixed at £5 - the usual amount in King Henry's time
5)no freeman was to punished without a proper trial and the King was not to sell or deny justice to anyone
6)The royal forests were to reduced in size and unpopular sheriffs and judges were to be dismissed
7)The English Church to be free to obey the Pope
8)A committee of 25 barons were chosen to keep a check to keep a check on the King and were ready to use force if the King broke his promises - 13—
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- Fichas sobre History SA2, creado por gauri.kanodia el 11/01/2016.
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