Fichas
Equine Colic with stewart
Fichas del conjunto (71)
- 1Is colic an emergency?yes
- 2How many colics are non surgical?95%
- 3How many colics are idiopathic?80%
- 4Define colicbehavioural manifestation of pain that is localised in the abdomen and most often relates to the GIT
- 5What are three things that cause pain in colic?distension of the intestine-strech receptors
inflammation of intestinal wall
ischemia of intestine - 63 things that cause distension?1. partial obstruction
2. complete obstruction
3. strangulating obstruction - 7What does a strangulating obstruction cause?ischemia
- 8Name 3 ways the intestine becomes ischemic1. strangulation
2. Pressure in lumen
3. Microthrombi- hypercoaguable state - 9What happens to the vessels during ischemia and what colour does the intestine turn?veins become shut off first- arterys have more pressure so keep pumping
Intestines go a ruby red before going blue when all blood supply is cut off - 10An owner calls about a suspected colic- what do you tell owner to do before you come?withdraw food to prevent further distension
avoid horse harming itself and owner
walk the horse - 11Signalment: Age What is more likely to affect young horses?parascaris equorum
- 12Signalment: Age What is more likely to affect older horses?strongulus vulgaris
pedunculated lipoma - 13Signalment: Sex What may you see in mares post foaling?post foaling colon torsion
- 14Signalment: sex false colics in a mare and stallion may be caused by?labour if its a mare
scrotal hernia if its a stallion - 15What are miniture breeds more common to get?small colon impaction
- 16What are arabs more likely to get?enteroliths
- 17What are some history questions you should ask1. when did you last see the horse normal (duration)
2. severity
3. any analgesics given already
4. faecal production
5. worming/diet/dental history
6. mare pregrnant/recent foaling
7. previous colic- is horse susceptible to it - 18Name 6 signs of visceral discomfort in a horse1. flank watching
2. stretching
3. pawing at the ground
4. kicking at the abdomen
5. lie down repeatedly
6. Rolling - 19Name another 4 signs of abdominal pain1. loss of appetite
2. bruxism
3. groaning
4. reluctance to move - 20What important parameters of the PE do you want to do before sedating the horse?take HR
hear intestinal sounds - 21what sedation can you use?xylazine
- 22Why do you want to listen to HR first before giving xylazine?xylazine slows down HR
- 23What are the parameters for: mild HR Moderate HR Serious HR Really bad HRmild= <40
Moderate= 40-60
Serious= 60-100
>100= really bad - 24If the HR is greater then 100, what should you be thinking about?euthanasia
- 25What can cause an increase in temperature in a colic horse?colitis
peritonitis
jejunitis/duodenitis
endotoxaemia - 26What is a normal temperature in a horse?37-38
- 27What may cause increased RR in a colic horse?pain
abdominal distension
metabolic acidosis - 28Looking at MM's, what colour would the following CRF times present as? 1-2 >2 >3pink- normal
pale pink- early hypovolaemia
Brick red- advanced shock - 29What does it mean if you flick the flank and hear a high pitched ping?gas distension of intestine
- 30Where would you auscultate for for sand colic?ventral midline
- 31When should you do a rectal palpation?if restraint is adequate and sedation adequate
- 32What are you feeling for on rectal palpation?distension and abnormal anatomy
- 33What treatment should you always do when you have a horse with colic?Place a nasogastric tube
- 34Why do you place a stomach tube?to remove stomach contents to reduce distension
- 35If you have placed a nasogastric tube and >3 L fluid comes out what does it mean?horse has ileus/SI obstruction
EMERGENCY- call out surgeon - 36You perform an abdominocentesis, what do the following colours of fluid mean? turbid/cloudy straw colour orange/red ingestaincreased protein/WBCs- peritonitis
Normal
peritoneal fluid
ruptured intestine - 37What diagnoses can you do out of the field?assess hydration
PCV/TP
US
Radiography - 38what is a normal PCV?30-45%
- 39what is a normal TP?55-75 g/L
- 40What are you looking for with US?distension
mural thickness - 41What may cause a parial, non strangulating obstruction? What level of pain would horse be in? How would you diagnose?pelvic impaction
mild
rectal palpation - 42What may cause a complete, strangulating obstruction? Pain level?pedunculated lipoma
severe - 43If you are looking after a horse with colic what are two vital things you should be providing the horse with?analgesia
hydration - 44What parameters would make a colic surgical?severe pain
gastric reflux >3L
+ve findings on rectal
deteriorating HR
absolute ileus (no gut sounds)
turbid peritoneal fluid - 45What breed is more likely to need surgery for a colic?Arabs
- 46You feel distended loops of SI on rectal palpation. how serious is this? What could it indicate?very serious- possibly surgical
obstruction of SI - 47What may cause a medical colic?idiopathic
spasmodic colic
impaction
flatulent colic
duodenitis/prox jejunitis
peritonitis
gastric ulceration - 48How would you treat idiopathic colic?Treat symptomatically because you don't know the cause
1. withdraw feed
2. administer mild analgesia
3. always nasogastric tube
4. rectal if possible
5.fluid/electrolytes
6.get owner to update your every few hours - 49What is spasmodic colic associated with?change in feed, especially simple carbs
tapeworms
stress- transport - 50How severe is HR and pain in a spasmodic colic?moderate
- 51In a spasmodic colic do you feel anything on rectal?nope
- 52How do you treat spasmodic colic?withdraw food
analgesia
antispasmodic - 53What does an antispasmodic do? and give an example of onerelieves spasm of involentary muscle
hyoscine - 54How common is spasmodic colic?common
- 55What causes large colon impaction colic?caecum or pelvic flexure
- 56how common is large colon impaction?common
- 57What level of pain is associated with large colon impaction?mild/moderate
- 58Can you feel a large colon impaction rectally?yes
- 59How do you treat impaction colon?Pain relief- NSAIDs
maintain hydration
Laxatives
surgery if prolonged - 60What laxatives can you use for large colon impaction tx?liquid parafin/mineral oil
epson salts and water - 61What should you always check before administering Fluids vig NGT?that there is no reflux
- 62How do you diagnose sand impaction??Faecal sample- mix with water and sand settles out
radiograph ventral abdomen - 63How do you treat sand impaction colic?bulk laxative- blasts sand out
- 64What causes flatulent colic?accumulation of gas
primary- fermentation of feed
secondary- due to obstruction - 65Pain level of flatulent colic?moderate
- 66How can you diagnose flatulent cloic?rectal palpation
pings audible on auscultation - 67Treatment of flatulent colic?analgesia
Decompression with NGT - 68What may cause duodenitis/jejunitis colic?clostridium
salmonella
aeitiology unkown - 69How do you diagnose a horse with duodenitis/jejunitis colic?Huge NS reflux!
NG reflux gives pain relief
rectal- distended SI
Pyrexic
Increaed HR- 60-80
peritoneal fluid- high protein, turbid fluid - 70How do you treat duodenitis/proximal jejunitis?fluids
antimicrobials
treatment for endotoxaemia - 71—
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- Descripción
- Fichas sobre Equine Colic with stewart, creado por Hayley Pfeffer el 17/04/2016.
- Creado por
- Hayley Pfeffer
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