Fichas
First aid at work
Fichas del conjunto (51)
- 1What are the three aims of first aid?Preserve life
Prevent the situation getting worse
Promote recovery - 2what is a contrusion?a bruise (internal bleeding, damage to blood vessels)
- 3how do you know a tourniquet is effective?no pulse and no bleeding
- 4if there is a impaled injury how do we treat?do not remove item, bandage over or around
- 5how do we recognise internal injury?brusing swelling pain
- 6how do you treat a crush injury?less than 15 mins remove and release over 15 wait for help
- 7Define First AidHelp given to a sick or injured person until full medical treatment is available
- 8What are 2 types of consent?Implied - if you could speak you would consent (e.g. unconscious)
Direct - ask for and receive consent - 9When prioritising treatment what are the three B's?Breathing
Bleeding
Bones/burns - 10What is a primary survey?The initial intervention which is a quick and systematic way to find and treat life threatening injuries
- 11What is DR ABC?Used with a primary survey:
Danger
Response
Airways
Breathing
Circulation - 12In the Danger phase of primary survey, what would STOP refer to?Stop and think
Traffic
Obvious and non obvious hazards
Protect yourself and casualty - 13In the response phase of primary survey, what is the AVPU scale?A scale for measuring level of response, each phase is allocated a number, closer to zero, the more urgent -
Alert - fully alert (6 points)
Voice - responds to your voice (4 points)
Pain - can respond to pain (2 points)
Unresponsive - does not respond (0 points) - 14Why is the airway phase of primary survey most important?If you do not open/clear airways then everything else will be pointless
- 15During the breathing phase of primary survey what three things are you looking for?Look for movement,
Listen for sounds
Feel for breath of cheek - 16What is the secondary survey?Done after the primary survey when life threatening injuries are dealt with. A methodical way to check for other injuries - head to toe.
- 17If the patient is unconscious what things should always be monitored?Airways
breathing
circulation
(talk to casualty!) - 18In a secondary survey, what does SAMPLE mean?Signs and symptoms
Allergies
Medication
Past medical history
Last meal eaten
Event history - 19What do CPR and AED stand for?Cardio-Pulmonary Resuscitation
and
Automated External Defibrillator - 20Outline the four parts of the chain of survival and give the time frame each should be completed in.Early recognition and call for help - to prevent cardiac arrest -ASAP
Early CPR - To buy time - 0-4 mins
Early Defib - to restart heart - 0-8 mins
Post resuscitation care - to restore quality of life - ASAP - 21When dialling 999/112 you should remember the acronym LION. What does it stand for?Location
Incident/injuries
Other emergency services
Number of casulaties - 22Your casualty is not breathing. You've begun CPR. What ratio of compression:rescue breaths will you use?30:2
30 compressions (at a speed of 100-120 per minute), 2 rescue breaths. - 23Describe how to administer CPRShout for help, call 999. If someone else is near ask for 999, time frame and defib.
With heel of hand in centre of chest, interlock other hand. Keep arms straight. Press 5-6cm. Do 30 compressions. Then pinch nose, blow forcefully into mouth twice. Repeat. Stop when fatigued, told to or wakes up. - 24You are about to use your AED. What types of things should you check before placing your pads?Metal floor, wet area, wet chest, metal in bra, hairy chest, pace maker.
- 25After how many cycles of CPR, AED is it unlikely the casualty will recover?Three.
- 26Someone is choking. What do you do?Ask "are you choking, can you cough?"
If no items dislodged start back blows (bend over head lower than should, pat 5 times, check after each)
If no items dislodged start abdominal thrust (find belly button, make fist thumb side down, pull up and in.
Repeat back blows and abdominal thrusts 3 times then ring 999. - 27Define unconsciousnessinterruption to normal activity of the brain
- 28What is the recovery position, what things should you remember about positioning?Position to open up and protect airways.
Turn casualty toward you, make sure injured side is lowest, maintain contact on palm when positioning, pregnant ladies always lie on the left. - 29What are normal breathing rates per minute?adult - 12-20
child - 20-40
baby 30-60 - 30Define anaphylaxisan extreme over reaction of the immune system
- 31What are the three main characteristics of anaphylaxis?rapid onset
life threatening airway, breathing or circulation issue
skin rash - 32How would you help someone in anaphylaxis?call 999/112
lay the casualty down - unless problem breathing then sit up
help with medication by removing caps, finding medication, rubbing leg.
Be prepared to start cpr. - 33What is asthma and how do we treat it?An extreme over reaction of lungs. once breathing difficulty, wheezing and clammy skin is identified then help casualty to sit upright, help use inhaler, stay calm. If severe- call 999.
- 34What is hyperventilation and how do we treat it?It is excessive breathing resulting in low c02. Once deep fast breathing, dizziness and cramps have been identified then stay calm, coach the breathing and give small sips of water. Possibly remove from situation.
- 35Define dry and wet drowningDry drowning is when no water goes past the back of throat
Wet drowning is when water is in the stomach/lungs and can result in secondary drowning when water goes to lungs up to 4 days later (90% deaths) - 36A patient has bubbling blood, painful and difficulty breathing and uneven chest movements. What's wrong and how will you treat?Collapsed lung. Call 999 sit casualty upright and lean towards injured side, apply pressure but do not fully cover wound.
- 37Broken ribs and flail chest both result in pain, difficulty breathing and require the arm on injured side to be put in a sling. What differences will you notice?Broken rib - tenderness, 999 if can't breath
Flail chest - always 999, make comfortable, paradoxical chest movements - 38What are normal heart rates?Adults - 60-90 bpm
child - 90-110 bpm
baby 110-140 bpm - 39Define Angina and Heart attackAngina - narrowing of coronary artery
Heart attack - complete blockage of coronary artery resulting in death of tissue - 40How do you treat angina and heart attack?sit into a W position
take gnt if they have it
if heart attack chew aspirin and call 999
monitor pulse - 41Stroke is recognised through FAST, what does it stand for?Facial weakness
Arm weakness
Speech problems
Time to call 999 - 42Define shock and explain the three typesShock is a lack of oxygen to body tissues and vital organs
- Hypovolemic (blood loss)
Cardiogenic (heart problems)
Anaphylactic (allergy) - 43List the signs of shockrise in pulse
shallow breathing
weak pulse
nausea
sweating
confusion - 44How do you treat shock?Treat cause of shock
Lie down (unless heart problems then in W position)
Raise feet
call 999
cover with blanket - 45Fainting results from poor nervous system control. What are the symptoms and treatment?Slow pulse,loss of consciousness, nausea, quick recovery.
Lie down, check airway and breathing, remove stress, reassure but keep them lay down - 46At what percentage blood loss should the casualty be treated for shock?10%
- 47At critical blood loss there is a lowered level of consciousness, cyanosis, rapid pulse and rapid breathing. What percentage of blood loss is this?30%
- 48There are three types of bleeding, what are they and which is the most common?Arterial - most severe
Venous - ooze
Capillary - most common - 49How do you treat bleeding?Sit or lay down, examine the wound to tell emergency services about it, apply pressure for 10 mins, cover the wound with a dressing - replace if soaked with blood.
- 50When doing a dressing, you must check capillary recall. What does that mean?Check the colour returns in tips of fingers so you know pressure isn't too much.
- 51Catastrophic bleeding takes priority over ABC. Why?Catastrophic bleeding can result in death in minutes.
Información
- Descripción
- First aid Fichas sobre First aid at work, creado por Heather L el 25/10/2016.
- Creado por
- Heather L · oct 2016
- Actualizado
- 6 abr 2018
- Visitas
- 15
- Valoración