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Emergency technique options
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- 1If intravenous access is not immediately available how may a drug be given and how?Intratracheal route may be used using a urinary catheter down the tracheal tube.
- 2How does using the Intratracheal route affect the dose?Dosage should be doubled.
- 3What must be done after the intratracheal dosage has been given?The patient must be given a deep breath and 5ml of saline flushed down the catheter to ensure no drugs are left in the catheter.
- 4What are the early signs of cardiopulmonary arrest?> Agonal (gasping;laboured) breathing patterns or absence of useful respiratory movements.
> Weak, rapid pulses
> Loss of consciousness
> Fixed dilated pupils and lack of palpebral conceal - 5What does CPCR stand for?Cardiopulmonary Cerebral Resuscitation Procedure.
- 6How many people should ideally be involved in CPCR and what are their roles?1. Take the lead of the crash situation.
2. Provide oxygen.
3. Chest compressions.
4. Monitor pulses.
5. Drawing up drugs and recording treatments. - 7What is the aim of chest compressions and abdominal count-pressure?- To cause pressure changes in the heart and chest cavity.
- To force blood around the cardiovascular system. - 8What is abdominal counter pressure?Pressing down firmly on the abdomen in-between chest compressions.
- 9What does abdominal counter pressure do? (3)1. Increases venous return to the chest.
2. Improves blood pressure.
3. Improves cerebral and myocardial perfusion. - 10What does electrical defibrillation do?- Acts to shock the hearts from a chaotic non pulse producing electrical activity to normal sinus rhythm.
- Sends an electrical charge through the heart causing cardiac cells to depolarise and repolarise. - 11When is electrical defibrillation useful?Ventricular fibrillation (not common in cats and dogs).
- 12What can excessive use and over charging cause?Myocardial damage.
- 13What should never be used in the proximity of a defibrillator?Alcohol based substances.
- 14When is there a risk to personnel?If they do not "clear"
- 15What are the defibrillation doses?4-6 joules/kg external (monophasic)
2-4 joules/kg external (biphasic)
0.2-1 joules/kg internal
Single shock, resume CPR efforts for 1 cycle (2 minutes) - dose escalation may occur. - 16Respiratory distress symptoms...1. Signs of cyanosis
2. Open mouth breathing (cats)
3. Abducted elbows
4. Extended neck
5. Paradoxical abdominal movement (opposes chest movement)
6. Dilated pupils
7. Anxious facial expression
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- (LO2) Emergency Care Fichas sobre Emergency technique options , creado por Laura Smith el 27/02/2017.
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- Laura Smith
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