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PHIL-1301 Unit #1 Study Deck!
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- 1_____ is the study of the nature of reality.Metaphysics
- 2Plato was a student of _____.Socrates
- 3A(n) _____ is a verbal attempt to get other people to accept a belief or opinion by providing reasons why they should accept it.argument
- 4The view that ultimate reality is composed of material "stuff" is _____.materialism
- 5Aristotle invented the _____ _____ _____ _____, determining how we think about things.Doctrine of the Categories
- 6_____ is the belief that the universe and all that is in it has purpose.Teleology
- 7A(n) _____argument reasons from one statement to another by means of necessary logical reasoning.deductive
- 8An inductive argument that is weak, has one or more false premises, or both is _____.uncogent
- 9A fallacy of _____ is when a general rule is applied to a specific case it was not intended to cover.accident
- 10A _____ is a fallacy in which the conclusion is drawn from an atypical sample.hasty generalization
- 11_____ is when the arguer conceals a premise not readily supportable by the facts.Begging the question
- 12One's _____ is the starting point for one's beliefs, ideas, feelings, biases, etc.point of view
- 13The study of questions concerning knowledge and the meaning of truth is _____.epistemology
- 14Socrates' physical death came as a result of _____.drinking poison hemlock
- 15Heraclitus associated ultimate reality with _____.change
- 16Anaximenes believed the most fundamental "stuff" of the universe is _____.air
- 17_____ proclaimed that water is the most basic "stuff" of the universe.Thales
- 18_____ said "the unexamined life is not worth living."Socrates
- 19Plato pursued scientific knowledge through original research at the _____.academy
- 20(T or F) The straw man fallacy is when the arguer draws a conclusion different from that supported by the premises.False: distorts
- 21The word "philosophy" comes from the Greek words "philo" and "sophia" meaning _____ _____ _____.love of wisdom
- 22The fallacy of _____ _____ is when a conclusion depends on an unlikely chain reaction.slippery slope
- 23Hobbes' _____ is a type of materialism, limiting the self simply to the body.reductionalism
- 24(T or F) In figuring out whether arguments are acceptable, one need only know that the conclusion is true.False: facts also true
- 25Both the _____ and _____ _____ agree that the enduring self is an illusion.Buddha; David Hume
- 26(T or F) An argument can be invalid and yet can still be sound.False: It is automatically unsound.
- 27"To know the good is to do the _____" equates to the knowledge with _____.good; virtue
- 28Philosophy can be generally defined as "getting to the _____ of _____."bottom; things
- 29The _____ _____ fallacy is when the arguer leads the listener off track.red herring
- 30_____ believed that change is an illusion and that the universe is constant.Parmenides
- 31Socrates was known in Athens as the "_____" for his consistent irritating.Gadfly
- 32(T or F) Sophists practiced objectivism and used dialectic in ancient Athens.False: they used cynicism and relativism.
- 33The _____ _____ fallacy is when the arguer attacks his/her opponent in a way that is unrelated to the actual argument.ad hominem
- 34Socrates believed _____ _____ is found in recognizing one's own ignorance.true wisdom
- 35In reasoning, we draw _____ based on premises or _____.conclusions; support/evidence
- 36While deductive arguments show their conclusions to be _____ true, inductive arguments show their conclusions to be _____ true.necessarily; probably
- 37For Plato, conflicts within human nature often arise between emotions (spirit) on the one hand, and _____ on the other hand.appetite
- 38For Plato, the soul, which is pure, rules over the _____, which is less pure.body
- 39"Have you stopped cheating on exams?" is an example of what kind of fallacy?complex questioning
- 40_____ is the science that evaluates arguments.Logic
- 41In Aristotle's categories, _____ addresses the question "what is it?"substance
- 42_____ fallacies can be detected through analysis of the content of the argument.Informal
- 43The reasoning process expressed by an argument is _____inference
- 44An appeal to _____ is when the arguer threatens the listener.force
- 45A(n) _____ argument is a strong inductive argument that has all true premises.cogent
- 46A valid deductive argument that has an untrue premise is a(n) _____ argument.unsound
- 47_____ asserted that numbers are fundamental "stuff" of the universe.Pythagoras
- 48"Murder is morally wrong. This being the case, it follows that abortion is morally wrong" is an example of the fallacy of _____ _____ _____.begging the question
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- PHIL-1301 Fichas sobre PHIL-1301 Unit #1 Study Deck!, creado por Holly Berry el 29/11/2014.
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