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Tower of London - Key Features
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- 1Byward TowerSecond of two gatehouses that make up main entrance to Tower. Built by Edward I (1272-1307), part of outer defences. Inside is Medieval wall painting - very delicate - closed to public.
- 2Waterloo BarracksBuilt by Duke of Wellington to house 1000 soldiers. Built on site of Grand storehouse which burnt down in 1841. Shows Wellington's desire to maintain TofL as military site. Named after Wellington's victory over Napoleon in 1815. Now houses Crown Jewels - most visited part of Tower
- 3Tower GreenLawn outside Queen's Apartments. Place of execution of three queens (Anne Boleyn, Catherine Howard and Lady Jane Grey) amongst others. Now has a memorial to those executed in the Tower - shaped like a glass pillow
- 4Salt TowerPart of the inner curtain Wall. Built by Henry III as part of his improvements to the defences. Used as a prison - has graffiti scratched into the walls by prisoners. E.g Henry Walpole - a Jesuit priest executed by Elizabeth I for trying disagreeing with Protestant church.
- 5Lion Tower (ruins)Once used to house the Royal Menagerie (zoo). Built by Edward I. Once formed part of the entrance to the Tower, now in ruins, it was demolished in the 1800s. Now has wire sculptures of lions made by Kendra Haste.
- 6St Thomas' TowerBuilt by Edward I. Part of the Medieval Palace (along with Wakefield Tower). Traitors Gate (or Watergate) is under this tower. Houses Edward's bedchamber, his bed cost 11 Shillings - there's a replica today.
- 7Lanthorn TowerOriginally built by Henry III - one of the towers that defends the inner curtain wall. It was rebuilt by Anthony Salvin in the 1850s as part of his remedievalisation of the Tower.
- 8White TowerThe keep. Most highly defended part of the castle. Only surviving Norman part of the castle - built c1075-c1100 by Gundulf of Rochester. Walls 15 feet thick and 90 feet high. Entrance on 1st floor. Whitewashed by Henry III. Large windows added by Christopher Wren in 1600s. Ornamental roofs on turrets added in Tudor times. Otherwise little change. Flambard imprisoned and escaped. Bodies of Princes in the Tower found here. Most significant feature of the Tower. UNSECO say it is a keep 'par excellence' (the best)
- 9Traitors' Gate (Watergate)Part of St Thomas' Tower. Built by Edward I. Before the quayside was built boats could come right up to the castle. Used to bring in prisoners. Some dispute as to whether Anne Boleyn was brought to the Tower this way for her execution.
- 10Wakefield TowerCircular tower built by Henry III as part of the curtain wall. Forms part of the medieval palace along with St Thomas' Tower - linked by a bridge that joins inner and outer curtain walls. Houses the throne room and King's private chapel - stained glass window. Medieval Palace was the first of its kind (luxury apartments in a fortress) - copied by other castle builders.
- 11The moatOriginally built by the Normans, improved by Henry III and then moved by Edward I. it was filed with water until 1843 when Wellington had it drained prevent soldiers getting sick and because it was obsolete (due to new weapons). Filled with ceramic poppies in 2014 to commemorate the centenary of the outbreak of WWI by artist Tom Piper
- 12Firing RangeLocated in the outer ward (between the two curtain walls) just below Martin's Tower. 9 of the 11 German spies were executed here, including Carl Lody. The other two were shot in the moat.
- 13Queen's HouseOriginal apartments were built in the Tudor times by Henry VIII for Anne Boleyn. She stayed there the before her coronation and before her execution. Guy Fawkes also imprisoned and tortured here. One of only a handful of wooden framed Tudor houses left in London - vast majority were destroyed in the Gt Fire of London in 1666.
- 14Yeoman Warders appartmentsBuilt into the outer curtain wall on the East side of the Tower. These apartments are where the Beefeaters live. They have been guards of the castle since 1485. Today they have a ceremonial role and act as tour guides.
- 15Roman WallThis runs through the middle of the Tower complex. Most is now ruined but the foundations are exposed so visitors can see where it went. It is one of the reasons William chose this site - it provided ready made protection and made the building much cheaper and quicker.
- 16Middle TowerBuilt by Edward I as part of his £21,000 improvements to the Tower (equivalent to today's govt spending £6.5 billion!). It now forms the main entrance to the Tower. There used to be two portcullis gates - the grooves for these can still be seen.
- 17Beauchamp TowerPart of the inner curtain wall but built by Edward I rather than Henry III. This was used to house prisoner sin the 1500s and 1600s, including the husband of Lady Jane Grey. Like in Salt Tower there is lots of graffiti left by prisoners held here. Modern brick buildings that were built up around it were torn down by Salvin as part of his remedievalisation.
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- GCSE Tower of London Fichas sobre Tower of London - Key Features , creado por Tom Lea el 02/04/2019.
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- Tom Lea
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