Fichas
Logistics
Fichas del conjunto (33)
- 1What are the three goals in distribution logistics?1. Time - All offered services have to be available at any time
2. Cost
3. Quality - 2Explain the segmentation of logistics service provider.1. Carrier / Storekeeper (Company whose primary corporate purpose is the transportation and something the storage of goods)
2. Forwarding agencies (Execution of transports)
3. 3PL (External logistics provider, which handels the transport and storage of goods)
4. 4PL (= Application Service Provider; Knowledge of e.g. fleet management) - 3Which tasks do CEP service providers fullfill and why is their importance increasing in logistics services?CEP (= Carrier, Express, Parcel)
Parcel delivery become more importance, the volume of parcels in germany has doubled from 2000 to 2017. Profit margen is very short per parcel. - 4Def. Delivery abilityFullfill orders in the right quantity and at the right time
- 5Def. Delivery qualityShare of fullfilled deliveries without complains or claims
- 6Def. Delivery reliabilityAlignment between desired and confirmed delivery date
- 7Def. Delivery flexibilityPossibility to react on changes regarding amount or delivery time
- 8De.f Storage and inventory costsExpenses for the provision and management of areas for the storage of materials and products
- 9Def. System and control costsExpenses for systems and their scheduling / control
- 10Def. Transport costsAll costs associated with the movement of products and materials
- 11Def. Handeling costsEffort for additional logistics steps on the way to the customer (packaging, order picking)
- 12Def. Delivery timeTime between the placing of an order (incoming order) and the provion of goods for the customer (order fullfillment, actual delivery date)
- 13Def. Procurement timeDelivery time for the need material, i.e. the time between the placing of purchase order and the delivery
- 14Def. Lead timeProcess time between the initiation and the end of process, i.e. the achievement of the desired process result
- 15Def. Cash-to-Cash-timeTime span between payment to the supplier and the payment from the customer
- 16What are possible criteria for out- or insource logistics?- face to customer
- costs
- flexibility
- dependency (dt. Abhängigkeit)
- special know-how
- geographical are / network size
- restrictions / regulations - 17Comparisan of 3PL vs. 4PLCarrier/ Forwarding Company: Someone who is shipping or driving parcels or bigger things, as much as they can - mor know-how and organisate also transportation and warehousing. This company uses the transportation companys
Transportation Company: only transportation
They try to solve the problem of the material flow (forwarding and transportation company)
3PL: material flow and organisation flow - prozess starts with the organisation or order. Hier you can outsource a complete process.
4PL: only supports you with the information flow and have not the own assets for material flow, because they want to be flexibil
Provider of logistic software: for special things where you only need a software
Value-added service: Transport company isn´t adding a price to the product
- 18Expected changes: Cost pressure - How does the pressure effects the different segmentation logistics provider?- 3PL and 4PL provider not that hard affected 'because of their complex and the customer is reliant to the know-how
- Transport companies more affected 'because it's easier to replaceable > important to add something unic, so customers are bound to you e.g. warehouse near customer - 19What is relevance for an expected change in logistics?External:
- Cost pressure
- Individualization
- Complepity
Internal:
- Digitalization of business processes
- Transparency in the supply chain
- Networking / Collaboration
- Business analytics
- Automation - 20Expected changes in logistics: What are the impacts of these trends?- new competitors on the market who brings more cost pressure
- for smal companies it´s very difficult to organize a website where customers can say from where to where he/ she wants to delivery something, because they don´t have so much assets and maybe only deliver in Berlin. DB Schenker is able to fix this because of there fix network of trains
- market is getting more complex (not every time a full truck)
- automatization is important (roboter 24/7 vs. human 8/5)
- networking always important - 21What are the main goals of Amazon, Aldi, Hipp and Porsche?Amazon: as easy as possible for customer (Insourced areas to be independent; Cherry picking of outsource or insource services)
Aldi: cost reduction (price leader) and everything always available (No big varity of products -> not so many suppliers and always full trucks)
Hipp: Quality
Porsche: "make to order" = produced after order (Smal stock levels and fast production and delivery times) - 22Ways of optimization:• Standardization
• Automatization
• Elimination
• Combination
• Parallelization
• Acceleration
• Control/ measure
• Outsource
• Change order
• Work in interdisciplinary teams
• Unification of responsibilities - 23What are the considerations of the total cost approach?- They effect always the three dimensions (cost, quality, time)
- If costs fall in some areas, they will otherwise increase in another, e.g. Transport costs should be reduced by making fewer orders to increase truck load, thereby increasing storage costs. - 24What is CEP?CEP is a logistics service provider with a carrier service for individual collections and shipment, an express service were the shipment is very fast and at least a parcel service for standardizated distances.
- 25What is the LPI?LPI = Logistics performance index
It measures the performance of countries in an international comparison (1 = poor; 5 = very good) and therefore shows strengths and weaknesses - 26Which mode of transport exists and which system properties do they have?
- 27What are possible goals of procurement logistics?- Lower purchasing prices (to decrease costs)
- Shorter staging time (use time as efficient as possible)
- Security of supply (have reliable ones)
- Ecological procurement (become more important for customers)
- Good network of suppliers (need more suppliers, to learn from them) - 28What are possible goals of distribution logistics?- Low stock levels (to have a low bounded capital)
- Cost-effective distribution (to act economic and be competitive)
- Best delivery service (face to customer; no damage products)
- CO²-arme distribution (sustainability gets more important because of climate change) - 29How can logistics reach their goals? (Examples)- Permanent inventory monitoring (forecast production)
- Early assessment of demand (for no stand still in production)
- Optimum order quantities (to have a low bounded capital)
- High dispatch quality (packaging is good and don't become damaged)
- Clear warehouse policy (use space as efficiant as possible, e.g. with movabel shelves)
- Automating material flow (use robots or production lines)
- Introducing lean mangement (to eliminate unnecessary costs)
- Effective planning (to decrease costs)
- Quality control (ensure high quality of goods to have satisfied customers)
- Usage of service providers (focus on your main business)
- Forming cooperations (aquire new markets)
- Improving information flow (so that everyone has the right information at the right time) - 30What is the TCO?TCO is the Total-Costs-of-Ownership and is financial estimation for estimate the real purchasing price because most the purchasing department only look at the purchasing price but over this there're lots of unexpectet operation costs, e.g. costs for spare parts. So it´s important to try to figure out the TCO to see the real costs.
- 31What are the difficulties of TCO?- Can't figure out every costs of every step of a process (not possible to track or control every step, that would be to high costs)
- Implementation and calculation brings a high complex (lots of parts has to be think of)
- Invest costs (to implement a IT-system to track datas)
- Needs lot of time to evaluate (complex) - 32What are the benefits of TCO?- Easier to compare different suppliers (to see were you can outsource process parts)
- Easier to identify optimization potential (Improve transperancy of cause and effect chain)
- Helps to decide whether to make or buy (easier to make a rational choice of make-or-buy) - 33What is the MILKRUN?It's a logistics process which has fixed delivery points and schedules with a need of purchase which is relative similar to optimize the whole process. It's like a cyrcle between different parties to deliver and products and/or swap empty e.g. containers. Example is a daily caterer for a kindergarten to deliver food and swap empty bottles of the day before.
Información
- Descripción
- Dircksen
- Creado por
- Kirsten Johann · jun 2019
- Actualizado
- 2 jul 2019
- Visitas
- 5
- Valoración