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chapter 7 study guide

mary1327 Honors Biology Inglés 73 fichas

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  1. 1what does prokaryotic means?before organelles
  2. 2what is the term for cells with a "true nucleus"?eukaryotic
  3. 3what type of cell is found in all multi-cellular organisms?eukaryotic
  4. 4what is the cytoskeleton is made up of?protein fibers
  5. 5what are the three parts of the nucleus are?nuclear envelope
    chromatin
    nucleolus
  6. 6what is the chromatin is made up of?strands of DNA
  7. 7what types of molecules do ribosomes assemble?proteins
  8. 8what type of molecules are synthesized be smooth endoplasmic reticulum?lipids
  9. 9what types of proteins are synthesized by rough endoplasmic reticulum?protein channels and pumps
  10. 10what cell structures digests food particles and destroys defective organelles?lysosomes
  11. 11which cell structure produces energy via cellular respiration?mitochondria
  12. 12how much energy does aerobic metabolism produce compared to anaerobic?18 to 19 times more than anerobic
  13. 13what does aerobic mean?with air
  14. 14what does anaerobic mean?without air
  15. 15what is the process of releasing energy from glucose molecules called?cellular respiration
  16. 16where does photosynthesis occur?chloroplasts
  17. 17what substances are stored by plastids?pigments
    starches
    lipids
  18. 18contractile vacuoles allow paramecium to get rid of ?excess water
  19. 19what structure provides for the movement of cells and the support and movement of organelles?cytoskeleton
  20. 20what type of material is the cytoskeleton composed of?proteins
  21. 21what subunits are used to build microtubules?tubulin
  22. 22cilia allow paramecium to ?move
  23. 23what human system uses cilia to remove debris?respiratory
  24. 24flagella means?whip
  25. 25what are myosin proteins required for?movement of muscle cells
  26. 26what chemical is an intermediate filament composed of?keratin
  27. 27why does a red blood cell have a rounded, dimpled shape?to enhance its ability to carry oxygen AND travel freely through the circulatory system
  28. 28All cells contain a? :cell membrane.
  29. 29Which organisms are composed of cells that do not contain nuclei?prokaryotes
  30. 30The cell structure that attaches carbohydrates to protein molecules is theGolgi apparatus
  31. 31the cell membrane is?a two-layered structure composed of lipids and proteins.
  32. 32Which two organelles occur in plant cells but not animal cells?cell walls and chloroplasts
  33. 33Cell specialization means that cells in an organism are uniquely suited to?perform a specific function
  34. 34The idea that all cells arise from the division of preexisting cells was first stated by?Rudolf Virchow
  35. 35If a more concentrated salt solution is on one side of a membrane and a less concentrated salt solution is on the other side, water molecules tend to pass through the membrane?from the less concentrated to the more concentrated solution
  36. 36in many cells, the structure that controls the cell's activities is the?nucleus
  37. 37despite differences in size and shapes, all cells have cytoplasm and a ?nucleus
  38. 38If a cell contains a nucleus, the organism is a ?eukaryotic
  39. 39distinct threadlike structures containing genetic information are called?chromosones
  40. 40which organelle converts the chemical energy in food into a form that the cells can use?montochondrion
  41. 41cell membranes are constructed mainly of?lipid bilayer
  42. 42the movement of water molecules across a selectively permeable membrane is known as?osmosis
  43. 43a substance that moves across a cell membrane without using the cell's energy tends to move?away from the area where it is more concentrated
  44. 44What is a cell?A COLLECTION OF LIVING MATER ENCLOSED BY A BARRIER THAT SPERATES THE CELL FROM ITS SURROUNDINGS; BASIC UNIT OF ALL LIFE FORMS
  45. 45What is CELL THEORY?THE IDEA THAT
    1. ALL LIVING THINGS ARE COMPOSED OF CELLS
    2. CELLS ARE THE BASIC UNIT OF STRUCTURE
    AND FUNCTION IN LIVING THINGS,
  46. 46What is the nucleus?The center of the atom which contains the protons and neutrons; structure that contains the cell's genetic material (DNA) and controls the cell activities
  47. 47What is an EUKARYOTEOrganisms whose cells contain nuclei
  48. 48What is a PROKARYOTEUnicellular organism lacking a nucleuos
  49. 49What is the difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic?Prokaryotic cells have genetic material that is not contained in a nucleus.
    Eukaryotic cells contain a nucleus in which their genetic material is separated from the rest of the cell.
  50. 50What is an organelle?a specialized structure that performs important cellular functions within a eukaryotic cell
  51. 51What is cytoplasmmaterial inside the cell membrane - not including the nucleus
  52. 52What is the nuclear envelope (membrane)?layer of two membranes that surround the nucleus of a cell
  53. 53What is chromatin?granular material visible within the nucleus; consists of DNA tightly coiled around proteins.
  54. 54What is chromosome?threadlike structure within the nucleus containing the genetic information that is passed from one generation to the next
  55. 55What is the nucleolus?small, dense region within the nuclei in which the assembly of proteins begin
  56. 56What is ribosome?small particle in the cell on which proteins are assembled; made of RNA and proteins
  57. 57What is endoplasmic reticulum?internal membrane system in cells in which lipid components of the cell membrane are assembled and some proteins are modified
  58. 58What is Golgi apparatus?stack of membrane in the cell that modifies, sorts, and packages proteins from the endoplasm reticulum
  59. 59What is lysosome?cell organelle filled with enzymes needed to break down certain materials in the cell
  60. 60What is a vacuole?cell organelle that stores materials such as water, salts, proteins, and carbohydrates
  61. 61What is mitochondrion?cell organelle that converts the chemical energy stored in food into compounds that are more convenient for the cell to use
  62. 62What is chloroplast?organelle found in cells of plants and some other organisms that captures the energy from sunlight and converts it into chemical energy
  63. 63What is cytoskeleton?network of protein filaments within some cells that helps the cell maintain its shape and is involved in many forms of cell movement
  64. 64What is centriole?one of two tiny structures located in the cytoplasm of animal cells near the nuclear envelope
  65. 65What is the cell membrane?thin, flexible barrier around a cell; regulates what enters and leaves the cell
  66. 66What is the cell wall?strong supporting layer around the cell membrane in plants. algae and some bacteria
  67. 67What is the lipid bilayer?double-layered sheet that forms the core of nearly all cell membranes
  68. 68To what does concentration refer?the mass of solute in given volume of solution, mass/volume
  69. 69What is diffusion?process by which molecules tend to move from an area where they are more concentrated to an area where they are less concentrated
  70. 70What is cell specialization?the process in which cells develop in different ways to perform different tasks
  71. 71What is tissue?the group of similar cells that perform a PARTICULAR function
  72. 72What is an organ?group of tissues that work together to perform closely RELATED functions
  73. 73What is organ system?groups of tissues that work together to perform a specific function

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(Chapter 7 study guide questions) Honors Biology Fichas sobre chapter 7 study guide, creado por mary1327 el 06/09/2013.
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