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- 1Retributionsomething done to get back at someone or the act of punishing someone for their actions
- 2DeterrenceThe action of discouraging an action or event through instilling doubt or fear of the consequences
- 3General deterrence- Effect of punishment on potential offenders
- Potential offenders will weigh the cost of punishment in their decision - 4Specific deterrence-Effect of punishment on the individual who is punished
-Punished individual will weigh the cost of punishment in his/her decision to offend in the future - 5Incapacitationthe use of a criminal sanction to physically prevent the commission of a crime by an offender; putting offenders in prison
- 6Rehabilitationthe action of restoring someone to health or normal life through training and therapy after imprisonment, addiction, or illness.
- 7Restorationdesigned in such a way that the offender should repair the damage or compensate the loss of victim, which has occurred due to his/her criminal activity.
- 8Formal social controlExternal sanctions enforced by government to prevent the establishment of chaos or anomie in society.
- 9Informal social controlways by which a society tries to influence human behaviour to maintain a given order.
- 10Wellspring Era (Mid ages-1800)- The Reformation
- Old English Gaols
- Bridewell House
- John Howard
- Walnut Street Jail (1790 Pennsylvania) - 11Penitentiary Era (1800-1860)Penitence
Two Paths of development
1.) The Pennsylvania system
2.) The Auburn system - 12Reformatory Era (1860-1900)- The Irish System – Alexander Macohochit
- Walter Crofton – Ticket-of-Leave
- 1870 National Prison Congress
- Elmira Reformatory – Zebulon Brockway - 13Industrial Era (1900-1930)Prisons as Centers of Production – Economic issues of using prison labor
- 14Retributive / Restoration Era (1970 – Current)- Political Issues
- The Martinson Report on Rehabilitation
- Changes in sentencing patterns
- Changes in prison construction / operation
- Prison Overpopulation solutions - 15The ReformationWellspring Era
- 16Old English goalsjail
- 17Bridewell House- 1st english jail
- Main purpose was to exploit the labor of unwilling workers
-Idea was that the prisoners would learn disciplined work skills and learn vocational skills - 18John Howard
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- Fichas sobre Sin título, creado por Arabella Pesce el 20/02/2020.
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