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Exam Three - CTXT

Whitney Snowden Inglés 61 fichas

Fichas del conjunto (61)

1Define Scarification.(Body Modification Art) The Cutting of Symbols, Patterns, or Art Into The Skin To Indicate Class or Status
2Define Talud-Tablero Construction.Sope & Panel. Slopping Sections Are Broken Up By Panels That Sit Out Towards The Viewer
3Define Bilateral Symmetry.A Structural Body Plan In Which Only A Single, Imaginary Line Can Divide Two Bodies Of Equal Halves.
4Define Geolyph.Earthen Designs On A Colossal Scale, Often Created In A Landscape As If To Be Seen From An Ariel Viewpoint
5Crowned Head of Yourba Ruler- Nigeria
- 1100-1400CE
-Yourba = Ife
- Yourba Rulers = Oni (male or female)
- Devine Origins
- Original Oni = Creator of The Universe
- More Spirit Than Mortal
- Oni Oduduwa = The O.G.
- Clearly Important (despite us not knowing which oni this actually is)
- Crown Atop The Head
- Vertical Lines Down The Face = Scarification
- Visually The Most Perfect, Idealized Person
- All Oni Were Connected To The Spirit World
6Plaque Of A War Chief, Warriors, And Attendants- Benin City Kingdom
- Nigeria
- 17th Century
- Benin City = Royal Kingdom
- Oba Reign = King's Reign
- Decorated The Palace (one of 850 pieces that were lost due to colonization)
- Showed The Palace Life, Rules, Expected Manners To Those Who Visit The Palace
- War Chief = The Middle Figure
- Hierarchy Of Scale (largest, tallest, in the middle
- Elite Based On Clothes
- Eben Sword = Ceremonial Sword, Leaf Shaped
- Four Flower Petals (background & skirt) = Symbol To The Water God
- Warriors = The Second Biggest (on the far sides respectively)
- Servants = Closest To Middle
- The Warrior Chief Is Presenting Himself To The Oba
- The Purpose of This Plaque Was To Show Other Warriors Their Expected Behavior At The Palace
7Pyramid Of The Feathered Serpent- Mexico
- 100-650CE
- Teotihuacan Culture
- Mayan Culture
- Quetzalcoatl = The Feathered Snake Head, Level Body
- Tlaloc = Storms/Rain; Warfare
- He's Other God Seen (even though a few look similar and it is never confirmed)
- He's Also The Other Serpent-Like Figure With The Gods
- Talud-Tablero
- Water Is A Large Theme Due To It's Relationship With The Gods (and it being allowed to flow down for humanities use)
8Cylindrical Vessel With Ballgame Scene- 600-800CE
- Mayan Culture
- Very Important Ritual = Barbaric Basketball
- Pads Worn Around Hip, Elbows, & Knees To Protect Bodies (the ball is hard and it has to be bounced off the body)
- Elaborate Headdresses (animals) & Jewelry
- Elites Played
- Normal Outcome = Winner Sacrificed
- Seen As Privilege To Practice this Ritual Come And Ultimately Win And Honor Your Family By Being Given To The Gods
- Why? The Maze God
- The Maze God = Sacrifices Himself Every Year So That People Can Continue To Harvest, So The Only Form of Thanks Is Human Blood (to give back)
- Evidence of Cacao (a chocolate drink drank before games) Are Four n The Inside (for consumption)
9Shield Jaguar & Lady Xok (Lintel 24)- Mexico
- Yaxchilan
- 726CE
- Mayan Culture
- Text Carved Information
- Shield Jaguar + Lady Xok = Ruler & His Wife
- Shield Is Decked Out (wardrobe)
- Lady Xok's Blood Ritual
- Lady Xok Is Threading A Rope With Thrones Through Her Tongue
- The Blood Falls Onto The Tiles That Will Be Burned As Offering To The Gods
- Even Elites Gave Sacrifice
10Lanzón, Chavin de Huantar- Granite
- 15 Feet
- 900BC
- Chavin
- *FIND OTHER INFO*
11Warrior Preist Earspol from Sipán- 300CE
- Moche
- *FIND MORE INFO*
12Define Animal Style.A Medieval Art Form In Which Animals Are Depicted In A Stylized And Often Complicated Pattern, Usually Seen Fighting With One Another
13Define Millefiori.Created By The Cutting Of A Glass Cane Into Cross Sections, Revealing Elaborate Radial Designs
14Define Vellum.Fine Parchment Made Originally From Skin Of A Calf
15Define Scriptorium/a.A Room In A Monastery For Writing Or Copying Manuscripts
16Define Hiberno-Saxon.Fusion of Irish (Hiberno), Celtic, Roman, Germanic (Saxon) and Norse cultures in the British Isles
17Who Is Charlemagne?- King of The Franks (768-814)
- Emperor (800-814)
- Established The Carolingian Empire
- Carolingian = Germany + Italy + Gaul
- Though He Was Illiterate, He Started An Intellectual Revolution
18Define Repoussé.Formed In Relief By Beating A Medal Plate From The Back, Leaving The Impression On The Face. The Metal Is Hammered Down Into A Hollow Mold And Finished With Graver
19Hinged Clasp from Sutton Hoo Burial Ship- 625
- Gold
- Granet
- 5th Century
- Early Medieval
- *FIND MORE INFO*
20Chi-Ro Iota Page From The Book of Kells- Iona, Scotland
- 800
-12 3/4 x 9 1/2
- Early Medieval
- *FIND MORE INFO*
21Odo of Metz, Palace Chapel- Aachen, Germany
- 792-805
- Carolingian
- *FIND MORE INFO*
22Lindu Gospel Covers- 800
- Carolingian
- *FIND MORE INFO*
23Otto III Enthroned With Retainers From The Gospel Book Of Otto III- 1000
- Ottoman
- *FIND MORE INFO*
24Gero Crucifix- Cologne Cathedral
- 975
- Ottoman
- *FIND MORE INFO*
25Bronze Doors- St. Michael's Cathedral
- Hildesheim, Germany
- 1015
- Ottoman
- Each Door Was Cast As A Single Piece (each stone was then cut into a larger piece)
- Utterly Unique (quite a feat)
- Layered Ways to Read:
1. From Top To Bottom (on the left) & Bottom To Top (on the right)
2. Old Testament (fall of humanity) - New Testament (redemption)
3. Side To Side (when the doors are closed)
264 Key Factor Of Romanesque Art.1. Architecture
2. Monumental Sculpture
3. Wall Paintings
4. Reliquaries
273 Key Factors Of Romanesque Style.1. Abstraction
2. Large Eyes & Hands (heavy lines)
3. Theological Messages
283 Key Factors In Romanesque Society.1. Pilgrimage
2. Monasticism
3. Crusades
295 Key Factors In Romanesque Architecture1. Heavy, Load-Bearing Masonry
2. Barrel Vaults, Some Groin Vaults
3. Strip Buttresses
4. Round Arches
5. Small Windows
30Define Pilgrimage.A Journey To A Place Considered Sacred Or Religious
31Define Ambulatory.A Place For Walking, Especially An Isle Around The Aspe Or A Cloister In A Church
32Define Radiating Chapel.Semicircle Chapel Cut-Out Of The Wall Of A Church, Usually For Relic Display
33Define Relic.A Custom Or Object That Has Been Around For A Long Time
34Define Reliquary.Container For A Relic
35Define Portal.Four Parts:
1. Tympanum - A Scene Depicted Above The Door
2. Jamb - The Doorjamb Extended Into Space (that can be carved, shaped, molded, etc.)
3. Archivolt - A Series of Little Arches the Extend Into The Doorway
4. Trumeau - the Carved Section Dividing The Two Doors
36Christ On The Road To Emmaus- Santo Domingo, Silos, Spain
- 1100
- Romanesque
- Narrative
- Christ On His Way To Emmaus, Meets With Two Of His Disciples, Who Don't Recognize Him. They Took Him Home To Have Dinner With Their Families And It Wasn't Until Dinner Was Over That The Even Realized Who He Was. Once They Did, He Immediately Vanished.
- The Point Within Is To Make A Biblical Story Fashioned In A Contemporary Moment (the time period it was created)
- The Pilgrimage
37Abbey-Church of Saint Foy- Conques, France
- 1050-1130
- Romanesque
-*FIND MORE INFO*
38Reliquary Of Saint Foy- Conques, France
- 800-1200
- Romanesque
-*FIND MORE INFO*
39Throne Of Wisdom- Auvergne, France
- 1100
- Polychromed Oak
- Romanesque
- Baby Jesus = Small Man Jesus
- Small Man Jesus Represents Wisdom Incarnate
- The Virgin Mary (the queen of Heaven) "Supports" Him As A Throne
40Christ In Majesty- San Clementine, Tabull, Spain
- 1123
- Fresco
- Romanesque
-*FIND MORE INFO*
41Bayeux Embrodiery- 1066-1082
- Wool On Linen
- English
- Romanesque
- Made Of Textile
- A Narrative Of A Historic Event
- Norman Conquest Of England
- William vs. Harold
- A Battle That Began Due To The Importance Of Medieval Relics And The Promises Made On Them (Harold broke his promise over relic)
42Last Judgement- Tympanum
- Church of Saint Lazare
- Autun, France
- 1120-1145
- Romanesque
- The Artist Name (Gislebertus) Can Be Found Within The Piece
- Christ In The Center
- Right Side:
1. People Being Raised From Coffins
2. Angles Carrying Souls To Heaven(Heaven is imagined as a romanesque style church)
Left Side:
1. Scene of Judgement
2. Angels With Scales (physically) Weighing The Souls
3. Demons Dragging The Souls To Hell's Mouth
- Left = Bad Things, Right = Good Things
- Inscriptions Verifying Christ's Deity
Right:
1. Those Who Turn Away And Repent Will Go To Heaven
2. Detailed Terrors Awaiting Those Who Do Not Repent
43Who Is Abbot Suger?- (soo-jay)
- Responsible For Abbey-Church Of Saint Denis
- Good Friends With The King
- Came Up With The Idea To Expand And Brighten The Church
- By The Time He Died Only Two Sections Had Been Completely Renovated (the choir & the adds)
44Define Pointed Arch.A Structural Design Intended To Divert The Weight Distributed Into Weak Areas Of An Arch Onto The Stronger Pieces
45Define Clerestory.Top Piece Of Glass (40-50 feet tall)
46Define Triforium.A Narrow Passageway That Breaks Up The Nave Arcade & Clerestory, Helps Drive The Eye Down The Church Through Rhythmic Arches (towards the alter)
47Define Nave Arcade.The Row Of Arches Along The Nave
48Define Ribbed Vaulting.All Of The Weight Of A Normal Vault, Instead, Is Held Up By The Ribs (along with the webbing)
49Define Flying Buttresses.A Structural Design Updated (in order to allow stain glass windows to be installed) To Have The Weight Originally Distributed In Pointed Arches Further Out, In Buttresses
50Define Rayonnant."Radiating"
51Who Is Louie IX?- Responsible For Saint-Chapelle
- Bought Important Relics (crown of thrones, spear in Jesus' side) For The Church
523 Key Factors Of Gothic Historical Context.1. Importance Of France
2. Continued Growth Of Cities, Cathedral At Center (seat of a bishop = high ranking clergy)
3. Rise Of the University (Paris, oxford, bologna)
53Define Grisalle.The Use Of Mostly Grey-Scale, With Small Pops Of Color (red & blue)
543 Fundamental Elements Of Gothic Architecture1. Pointed Arch
2. Ribbed Vaults
3. Flying Buttresses
55Abbey-Church Of Saint Denis- France
- 1140's
- Early Gothic
- An Institution Directly Connected To The French Monastery
- Princes Were Taught There
- Monarchs Were Buried There
- First Identified Gothic Style Building
56Reims Cathedral Exterior & Interior- France
- 1211
- Gothic
- Notre Dame = Our Lady = Virgin Mary
- Common Name (city following behind)
- First Identified Building With Flying Buttresses
- More Figures Outside
- Lighter Stones
- Open Columns
- Pointed Arches
- Portals (doors) Expanded
57North Rose Window- Chartes Cathedral
- France
- 1235
- Gothic
- Images Of Prophets And Saints
- The King & Queen's Donation = Due To Reoccurring Symbols
- The King & Queen Are Connected The The Virgin Mary (to reinstate their power)
- Mary & Jesus At The Center
- The Virgin: The Window Metaphor
- Used To Help Craft an Experience For Believers
58Sainte-Chapelle- Paris, France
- 1243-1248
- Gothic
- Created To House The Crown Of Thrones
- Royal Institution
- Small Chapel (one on the ground level, stairs up into the second, smaller chapel)
- Radiates Lots Of Colorful Light
- Almost entirely Stain Glass
59Queen Blanche Of Castile and King Louie IX- Moralized Bible
- Paris, France
- 1226-1234
- Gothic
- Made By Queen Blanche Herself While He Was Studying To Be King
- Symbolizes The Transition Of Knowledge
- Top Layer Blanche & Louie
-Blanche Is Teaching Louie
- Bottom Layer: Priest & Scribe
- the Scribe Is Telling The Priest What To Write
60Betrayal And Arrest Of Christ And Annunciation- Jean Pucelle
- Book Of Jeanne D'Evreux
- 1324-8
- Gothic
- Given To Jeanne By Her Future Husband Before Their Wedding Day (she was thirteen)
- Biblical Story, Contemporary Remix
- Both Sides Identify Christ, But One As He Is Coming Int The World, And The Other As He Is Being Taken Out
- The Bottom Right Is A Contemporary Game Played By Kids Who Taunt Their Friends Until They Cannot Take It Anymore
- Used To Connect Who Jesus Might Have Felt While Being Arrested
- Scaled To Size
61Enthrone Virgin & Child- 1260-1280
- Paris, France
- Ivory
- Gothic
- More Relaism/ Human Connection (the romanesque style)
- Baby Jesus (not small man Jesus)
- Depiction On What Mother-Hood Looks Like (to current mothers who see her)
- Support, But Separate (she's not a throne anymore)