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P2 AQA
Fichas del conjunto (88)
- 1Whenever two objects interact, the forces they exert on each other are...equal and opposite
- 2What is the resultant force?The combined effect of the forces acting on an object
- 3If the resultant force acting on a stationary object is zero, the object will...If the resultant force acting on a stationary object is zero, the object will remain stationary
- 4If the resultant force acting on a stationary object is not zero, the object will....If the resultant force acting on a stationary object is not zero, the object will accelerate in the direction of the resultant force
- 5If the resultant force acting on a moving object is zero, the object will....If the resultant force acting on a moving object is zero, the object will continue to move at the same speed and in the same direction
- 6If the resultant force on a moving object is not zero, the object will...If the resultant force acting on a moving object is not zero, the object will accelerate in the direction of the resultant force
- 7What two factors determine the acceleration of an object?1. The resultant force acting on the object
2. The mass of the object - 8What does the gradient of a distance-time graph represent?Speed
- 9What is velocity?Speed in a given direction
- 10What is the equation to find the acceleration of an object?a=(v-u)/t
v = final velocity
u = initial velocity
t = time - 11What does the gradient of a velocity-time graph represent?Acceleration
- 12What is stopping distance the sum of?The thinking distance and braking distance
- 13What can affect your thinking distance?The speed you're travelling at
and
Tiredness/drugs/alcohol - 14When the brakes of a vehicle are applied, work done by the friction force between the brakes and the wheel ______ the kinetic energy of the vehicle and the temp of the brakes ______When the brakes of a vehicle are applied, work done by the friction force between the brakes and the wheel reduces the kinetic energy of the vehicle and the temp of the brakes increases
- 15What can affect braking distance?Your speed
How good your brakes are
How good the tyres are
Weather conditions - 16What is thinking distance?The distance the vehicle travels during the driver's reaction time
- 17What is braking distance?The distance the car travels under the breaking force
- 18A force applied to an elastic object will result in the object ________ and storing _______ energyA force applied to an elastic object will result in the object stretching and storing elastic potential energy
- 19The extension of an elastic object is ________ to the force appliedThe extension of an elastic object is DIRECTLY PROPORTIONAL to the force applied
- 20What is the equation to work out the work done?Work done = force x distance moved
- 21What is transferred when work is done?Energy
- 22What is power?The work done or energy transferred in a given time
P=E/t - 23What is gravitational potential energy?It is the energy of an object due to its position in a gravitational field
- 24The kinetic energy of an object depends on what?Its mass
Its speed - 25What is momentum?A property of moving objects
- 26What is conservation of momentum?In a closed system, the total momentum before an event is equal to the total momentum after the event
- 27The build-up of static is caused by what?Friction
- 28When certain insulating materials are rubbed together they become what?Electrically charged
- 29______ charged electrons are rubbed off one material and onto the otherNegatively
- 30The material that gains electrons becomes _________ chargedNegatively
- 31The material that loses electrons is left with what?An equal positive charge
- 32Two objects of the same charge ______ and two objects of different charge _________Repel
Attract - 33What is electrical current?A flow of electric charge
- 34What is the size of the electric current?The rate of flow of electric charge
- 35What is the potential difference?The work done per coulomb of charge that passes between the points
- 36The resistance of a component can be found by measuring the ________ through and the ___________ across the componentThe resistance of a component can be found by measuring the current through and the potential difference across the component
- 37The current through a resistor is ______________ to the potential difference across the resistorDirectly proportional
- 38What equation is used to calculate the current, potential difference or resistance?V = I x R
- 39The greater the resistance the _________ the current for a given potential difference across the componentThe greater the resistance the smaller the current for a given potential difference across the component
- 40For components connected in series the total resistance is what?The total resistance is the sum of the resistance of each component
- 41For components in series, is the current shared or is it the same everywhere?The current is the same everywhere
- 42For components in series, the total potential difference is what?The total potential difference is shared between the components
- 43For components connected in parallel, the potential difference is what?The potential difference is the same
- 44For components connected in parallel, the total current is what?The total current is the sum of the currents through the separate components
- 45The resistance of a filament bulb increases as the temperature of the filament __________The resistance of a filament bulb increases as the temperature of the filament increases
- 46Through a diode, the current can flow.........in one direction only
- 47Why can the current only flow in one direction through a diode?The diode has a very high resistance in the reverse direction
- 48An LED emits light when a current flows through it in the ______ directionAn LED emits light when a current flows through it in the forward direction
- 49As light intensity increases, the resistance of a LDR ________As light intensity increases, the resistance of a LDR decreases
- 50What does LDR stand for?Light-Dependent Resistor
- 51What is D.C.?Direct current. Batteries and cells supply current that always passes in the same direction
- 52As the temperature increases, the resistance of a thermistor ________As the temperature increases, the resistance of a thermistor decrease
- 53What is A.C.?Alternating current. Mains current is constantly changing direction
- 54In the UK, what is the frequency of mains electricity?50 cycles per second (50 hertz)
- 55In the UK, what is the voltage of mains electricity?230 V
- 56In a plug, what colour is the live wire and where is it positioned?Brown and on the right hand side
- 57In a plug, what colour is the earth wire and where is it positioned?Green and yellow and in the middle
- 58In a plug, what colour is the neutral wire and where is it positioned?Blue and on the left hand side
- 59What happens if an electrical faults causes too great a current?The circuit is broken by a fuse or a circuit breaker in the live wire
- 60What happens if the current in a fuse wire exceeds the rating of the fuse?The fuse will melt, breaking circuit
- 61What is an RCCB and how does it work?Residual Current Circuit Breaker
Operate by detecting a difference in the current between the live and neutral wires - 62Advantages of an RCCB?Work much faster -> safer
Notice small current changes that may not be enough to melt a fuse -> more effective against electrocution - 63Appliances with metal cases are usually what?Appliances with metal cases are usually earthed
- 64What is meant by "earthing"?It means that the case must be attached to an earth wire
- 65Why wouldn't an appliance be earthed?Because it is double insulated meaning it has a plastic casing and no metal parts are showing
- 66What happens when an electrical charge flows through a resistor?The resistor gets hot
- 67The rate at which energy is transferred by an appliance is called _______The rate at which energy is transferred by an appliance is called power
- 68Power, potential difference and current are related by which equation?P = I X V
- 69Energy transferred, potential difference and charge are related by which equation?E = V x Q
- 70Why are some substances said to be radioactive?Because they give out radiation from the nuclei of their atoms all the time
- 71What is an alpha particle made of?2 protons and 2 neutrons
- 72What is a beta particle made up of?An electron
- 73What is gamma radiation?An electromagnetic wave
- 74Alpha particles are deflected _____ than beta particles and in an opposite directionAlpha particles are deflected less than beta particles and in an opposite direction
- 75What is the relative ionising power of: a) an alpha particle b) a beta particle c) a gamma wavea) alpha - high
b) beta - medium
c) gamma - low - 76What will absorb: a) an alpha particle b) a beta particle c) a gamma wavea) alpha - tissue/paper
b) beta - a few mm of aluminium
c) gamma - nothing but lead absorbs quite a lot - 77What is the range of the following in air? a) an alpha particle b) a beta particle c) a gamma wavea) alpha - 3-5cm
b) beta - about a metre
c) gamma - ∞ - 78Which types of radioactivity are deflected by electric and magnetic fields?Alpha and beta are deflected but gamma is not
- 79What is the half-life of a radioactive isotope?The average time it takes for the number of nuclei of the isotope in a sample to halve
- 80What two fissionable substances are in common use in nuclear reactors?Uranium-235 and Plutonium-239
- 81What is nuclear fission?The splitting of an atomic nucleus
- 82For fission to occur, the uranium-235 or plutonium-239 must first what?They must first absorb a neutron
- 83The nucleus undergoing fission splits into two smaller ______ and two or three _______ and ______ is releasedThe nucleus undergoing fission splits into two smaller nuclei and two or three neutrons and energy is released
- 84What is nuclear fusion?The joining of two atomic nuclei to form a larger one
- 85How are stars formed?When there's enough dust and gas from space, it's pulled together by gravitational attraction
- 86Why, suring the 'main sequence' period of its life, is a star stable?Because the forces within it are balanced
- 87Fusion processes in stars produce what?All of the naturally occurring elements
- 88The Sun is a main sequence star. Why will it eventually become a red giant, rather than a red super giant?It does not have enough mass
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- Fichas sobre P2 AQA, creado por Lauren Crawford el 10/04/2015.
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- Lauren Crawford
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