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Flashcards

P2 AQA

Lauren Crawford English 88 cards

Cards in this deck (88)

  1. 1Whenever two objects interact, the forces they exert on each other are...equal and opposite
  2. 2What is the resultant force?The combined effect of the forces acting on an object
  3. 3If the resultant force acting on a stationary object is zero, the object will...If the resultant force acting on a stationary object is zero, the object will remain stationary
  4. 4If the resultant force acting on a stationary object is not zero, the object will....If the resultant force acting on a stationary object is not zero, the object will accelerate in the direction of the resultant force
  5. 5If the resultant force acting on a moving object is zero, the object will....If the resultant force acting on a moving object is zero, the object will continue to move at the same speed and in the same direction
  6. 6If the resultant force on a moving object is not zero, the object will...If the resultant force acting on a moving object is not zero, the object will accelerate in the direction of the resultant force
  7. 7What two factors determine the acceleration of an object?1. The resultant force acting on the object
    2. The mass of the object
  8. 8What does the gradient of a distance-time graph represent?Speed
  9. 9What is velocity?Speed in a given direction
  10. 10What is the equation to find the acceleration of an object?a=(v-u)/t
    v = final velocity
    u = initial velocity
    t = time
  11. 11What does the gradient of a velocity-time graph represent?Acceleration
  12. 12What is stopping distance the sum of?The thinking distance and braking distance
  13. 13What can affect your thinking distance?The speed you're travelling at
    and
    Tiredness/drugs/alcohol
  14. 14When the brakes of a vehicle are applied, work done by the friction force between the brakes and the wheel ______ the kinetic energy of the vehicle and the temp of the brakes ______When the brakes of a vehicle are applied, work done by the friction force between the brakes and the wheel reduces the kinetic energy of the vehicle and the temp of the brakes increases
  15. 15What can affect braking distance?Your speed
    How good your brakes are
    How good the tyres are
    Weather conditions
  16. 16What is thinking distance?The distance the vehicle travels during the driver's reaction time
  17. 17What is braking distance?The distance the car travels under the breaking force
  18. 18A force applied to an elastic object will result in the object ________ and storing _______ energyA force applied to an elastic object will result in the object stretching and storing elastic potential energy
  19. 19The extension of an elastic object is ________ to the force appliedThe extension of an elastic object is DIRECTLY PROPORTIONAL to the force applied
  20. 20What is the equation to work out the work done?Work done = force x distance moved
  21. 21What is transferred when work is done?Energy
  22. 22What is power?The work done or energy transferred in a given time
    P=E/t
  23. 23What is gravitational potential energy?It is the energy of an object due to its position in a gravitational field
  24. 24The kinetic energy of an object depends on what?Its mass
    Its speed
  25. 25What is momentum?A property of moving objects
  26. 26What is conservation of momentum?In a closed system, the total momentum before an event is equal to the total momentum after the event
  27. 27The build-up of static is caused by what?Friction
  28. 28When certain insulating materials are rubbed together they become what?Electrically charged
  29. 29______ charged electrons are rubbed off one material and onto the otherNegatively
  30. 30The material that gains electrons becomes _________ chargedNegatively
  31. 31The material that loses electrons is left with what?An equal positive charge
  32. 32Two objects of the same charge ______ and two objects of different charge _________Repel
    Attract
  33. 33What is electrical current?A flow of electric charge
  34. 34What is the size of the electric current?The rate of flow of electric charge
  35. 35What is the potential difference?The work done per coulomb of charge that passes between the points
  36. 36The resistance of a component can be found by measuring the ________ through and the ___________ across the componentThe resistance of a component can be found by measuring the current through and the potential difference across the component
  37. 37The current through a resistor is ______________ to the potential difference across the resistorDirectly proportional
  38. 38What equation is used to calculate the current, potential difference or resistance?V = I x R
  39. 39The greater the resistance the _________ the current for a given potential difference across the componentThe greater the resistance the smaller the current for a given potential difference across the component
  40. 40For components connected in series the total resistance is what?The total resistance is the sum of the resistance of each component
  41. 41For components in series, is the current shared or is it the same everywhere?The current is the same everywhere
  42. 42For components in series, the total potential difference is what?The total potential difference is shared between the components
  43. 43For components connected in parallel, the potential difference is what?The potential difference is the same
  44. 44For components connected in parallel, the total current is what?The total current is the sum of the currents through the separate components
  45. 45The resistance of a filament bulb increases as the temperature of the filament __________The resistance of a filament bulb increases as the temperature of the filament increases
  46. 46Through a diode, the current can flow.........in one direction only
  47. 47Why can the current only flow in one direction through a diode?The diode has a very high resistance in the reverse direction
  48. 48An LED emits light when a current flows through it in the ______ directionAn LED emits light when a current flows through it in the forward direction
  49. 49As light intensity increases, the resistance of a LDR ________As light intensity increases, the resistance of a LDR decreases
  50. 50What does LDR stand for?Light-Dependent Resistor
  51. 51What is D.C.?Direct current. Batteries and cells supply current that always passes in the same direction
  52. 52As the temperature increases, the resistance of a thermistor ________As the temperature increases, the resistance of a thermistor decrease
  53. 53What is A.C.?Alternating current. Mains current is constantly changing direction
  54. 54In the UK, what is the frequency of mains electricity?50 cycles per second (50 hertz)
  55. 55In the UK, what is the voltage of mains electricity?230 V
  56. 56In a plug, what colour is the live wire and where is it positioned?Brown and on the right hand side
  57. 57In a plug, what colour is the earth wire and where is it positioned?Green and yellow and in the middle
  58. 58In a plug, what colour is the neutral wire and where is it positioned?Blue and on the left hand side
  59. 59What happens if an electrical faults causes too great a current?The circuit is broken by a fuse or a circuit breaker in the live wire
  60. 60What happens if the current in a fuse wire exceeds the rating of the fuse?The fuse will melt, breaking circuit
  61. 61What is an RCCB and how does it work?Residual Current Circuit Breaker
    Operate by detecting a difference in the current between the live and neutral wires
  62. 62Advantages of an RCCB?Work much faster -> safer
    Notice small current changes that may not be enough to melt a fuse -> more effective against electrocution
  63. 63Appliances with metal cases are usually what?Appliances with metal cases are usually earthed
  64. 64What is meant by "earthing"?It means that the case must be attached to an earth wire
  65. 65Why wouldn't an appliance be earthed?Because it is double insulated meaning it has a plastic casing and no metal parts are showing
  66. 66What happens when an electrical charge flows through a resistor?The resistor gets hot
  67. 67The rate at which energy is transferred by an appliance is called _______The rate at which energy is transferred by an appliance is called power
  68. 68Power, potential difference and current are related by which equation?P = I X V
  69. 69Energy transferred, potential difference and charge are related by which equation?E = V x Q
  70. 70Why are some substances said to be radioactive?Because they give out radiation from the nuclei of their atoms all the time
  71. 71What is an alpha particle made of?2 protons and 2 neutrons
  72. 72What is a beta particle made up of?An electron
  73. 73What is gamma radiation?An electromagnetic wave
  74. 74Alpha particles are deflected _____ than beta particles and in an opposite directionAlpha particles are deflected less than beta particles and in an opposite direction
  75. 75What is the relative ionising power of: a) an alpha particle b) a beta particle c) a gamma wavea) alpha - high
    b) beta - medium
    c) gamma - low
  76. 76What will absorb: a) an alpha particle b) a beta particle c) a gamma wavea) alpha - tissue/paper
    b) beta - a few mm of aluminium
    c) gamma - nothing but lead absorbs quite a lot
  77. 77What is the range of the following in air? a) an alpha particle b) a beta particle c) a gamma wavea) alpha - 3-5cm
    b) beta - about a metre
    c) gamma - ∞
  78. 78Which types of radioactivity are deflected by electric and magnetic fields?Alpha and beta are deflected but gamma is not
  79. 79What is the half-life of a radioactive isotope?The average time it takes for the number of nuclei of the isotope in a sample to halve
  80. 80What two fissionable substances are in common use in nuclear reactors?Uranium-235 and Plutonium-239
  81. 81What is nuclear fission?The splitting of an atomic nucleus
  82. 82For fission to occur, the uranium-235 or plutonium-239 must first what?They must first absorb a neutron
  83. 83The nucleus undergoing fission splits into two smaller ______ and two or three _______ and ______ is releasedThe nucleus undergoing fission splits into two smaller nuclei and two or three neutrons and energy is released
  84. 84What is nuclear fusion?The joining of two atomic nuclei to form a larger one
  85. 85How are stars formed?When there's enough dust and gas from space, it's pulled together by gravitational attraction
  86. 86Why, suring the 'main sequence' period of its life, is a star stable?Because the forces within it are balanced
  87. 87Fusion processes in stars produce what?All of the naturally occurring elements
  88. 88The Sun is a main sequence star. Why will it eventually become a red giant, rather than a red super giant?It does not have enough mass

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Flashcards on P2 AQA, created by Lauren Crawford on 10/04/2015.
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Lauren Crawford
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