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Interpersonal Communication Final
Fichas del conjunto (84)
- 1What factors influence sexual attitudes?level of commitment/passion, alcohol, moral values, social norms
- 2What are the 3 stages of courtship?1. courtship readiness (high muscle tome, preening behavior/taking care of appearance)
2. positioning (body orientation, framing interaction)
3. actions of appeal/invitation (soft speech, smiling, touching) - 3What is quasi-courtship?when people flirt w/o sexual interest
-self esteem boost
-for fun
-attention
-make someone jelous - 4What is the purpose of ambivalent cues (i.e. eye contact, look away, repeat)?-allow assessment of person
-allow assessment of interest - 5What are the 3 D's in online spaces?1. disclosure
2. de-individuation
3. disihibition - 6What are sexual scripts?culturally constructed social norms about sex and sexuality (often gendered)
has to do with the initiation/acceptance/refusal of sexual advances - 7If someone is uncooperative and non-assertive, they have what conflict style?avoidance
- 8If someone is uncooperative and assertive, they have what conflict style?competing
- 9If someone is cooperative and non-assertive, they have what conflict style?accomadating
- 10If someone is cooperative and assertive, they have what conflict style?collaborating
- 11If someone is moderately cooperative and assertive, they have what conflict style?compromising
- 12What are the 5 conflict patterns according to Sillars and Willmont?1. variety (refers to style of conflict)
-same or diff. paterns
-demand-withdraw: one partner asks for something, other disengages
2. continuity: range of topics covered
3. symmetry:
-cross complaining
-proposal-counter
4. stationarity
5. sponteneity - 13What is an attribution?an explanation for someone's behavior
- 14In a good relationship, partners attribute negative events to....external factors
- 15In a unsatisfied relationship, partners attribute negative events to....internal factors
- 16What is fundamental attribution error?we tend to make attributes in our own favor
self-serving bias - 17What is actor-observer bias?we see our behaviors as less negative compared to others
- 18What is distress maintaining bias?if something bad happens, it perpetuates unsatisfying relationship
- 19What is relationship enhancing bias?in a good relationship, look at behavior as positive (optimism)
- 20What are Gottman's 4 horseman of the apocalypse?1. criticism
2. contempt
3. defensiveness
4. stonewalling - 21Gottman predicted early divorce (7yrs) by ? 14 yrs?7: contempt and stonewalling
14: lack of positive affect - 22What is leakage of lies?hints of lies
-microexpression
-deception cue(long pause, lack of eye contact) - 23What is the 4 factor theory of lying?1. attempted control
2. physiological arousal (i.e. increase heart rate)
3. emotional
-doping delight: joy with lying
4. cognition: we believe telling a lie is more demanding than truth - 24What is the interpersonal deception theory?deception occurs with interaction between people and is often undetectable at first glance
- 25What are the 2 kinds of deception errors?1. missing a lie
2. believing lie is the truth - 265 reasons for affairs1. attraction
2. boredom in current rel.
3. unhappiness
4. feeling attractive by other person
5. opportunity (male)
relat. was ending anyway (female) - 27What are the 3 types of infidelity?1. sexual infidelity
2. emotional
3. communicative: when people engage in sexual activity with another to create jealousy, revenge, etc - 28What are the diff. ways of finding out about an affair?1. unsolicited partner discovery: partner confesses
2. solicited partner discovery: partner suspects affair > confrontation
3. unsolicited 3rd party discovery: someone else tells
4. red-handed discovery: seeing affair - 29What are the 4 diff. accounts?1. excuse
2. justification
3. reinterpretation
4. denial - 30what is embarrassment and what 3 aspects are associated?acute state of worrying about neg. evaluation
1. emotional arousal
2. sense of exposure
3. feeling of deficiency - 31What are the types of embarrassment?1. identity management
2. lose of poise
3. overreward (too much praise)
4. breaches of private (ex: sex tape)
5. faux paus: doing something you didn't realize was wrong - 32Children and embarrassment?they don't get embarrassed, but they learn it
-develops at age 4-5yrs
-peaks at 11-15yrs - 33Repair for embarrassment can or cannot be done alone?cannot
- 34What is Duck's phase model of dissolution?1. intrapsychic phase (thinking in own head)
2. dyadic phase: talking about dissolution (chance of repair)
3. social phase: talking with other people in network
-begin to justify breakup
-come up with breakup account (story)
4. grave dressing phase: tell post mortum stories, save face and justify breakup, heal wounded emotions
5. resurrection: envision future w/o that person - 35What is the main critique of Duck's model of dissolution?assumes linearity when people can be in diff. stages at diff. times
- 36What is the main premise of the Investment Model?partners become committed and form patterns of interdependence based on rewards and costs
- 37According to the Investment model, rewards and costs are ____ in satisfied relationships, and in most satisfied..?satisfied: balanced
most satisfied: rewards outweigh costs - 38What determines the satisfaction of relationships?expectations
- 39What 3 aspects lead to commitment according to the investment model?1. satisfaction (rewards, costs, comparison level)
2. alternatives
3. outcome ratio - 40What is the spillover effect?parental conflict affects children's interactions with peers
- 41What are the 4 issues in parental conflicts?1. frequency
2. intensity
3. perceived threat: how scared children get
4. resolution - 42Couples who stay together after the 1st fight..... Couple who don't....stay: benefit, overcome challenges, sacrifice
leave: believe future interactions are neg. - 43What is indirect fighting?passive aggression, dropping hints of anger
- 44What is Gottman's magic ratio?1:5
negative to positive interactions - 45Emotional flooding leads to...button pushing
empty threats - 46What are the 3 different responses to negativity?1. active verbal response: confrontation
2. acquiescent response: acknowledgement
3. invulnerable response: acting like you don't care, avoidance, disengagement - 47What are the 3 types of deception?1. partner motivated deception: intended to boost partner's self esteem (ex: compliment that is a lie)
2. self-focused motivation: increase own self image
3. relationship focused: intended to protect rel. - 48What is obsessive relationship intrusion?person doesn't accept rejection but continues to pursue and INVADES privacy
(believes that person is still attainable) - 49What are the different beliefs about the purpose of sex?1. procreation
2. relational orientation: increase intimacy
3. recreational: fun - 50What is rapid involvement? What is gradual involvement? What is delayed involvement?rapid: sex happens 1st w/o intimacy
gradual: sexual involvement increases with intimacy
delayed: wait until commitment first, then sex - 51What are the 3 kinds of messages (power)?dominant: one upping
submissive: one downing
neutral: one accross - 52What are the 3 kinds of symmetry for messages (power)?competitive: both 1-upping
submissive: both 1-downing
complementary: 1-up and 1-down - 53Powerful vs. powerless speechpowerful: self-focused, persuasive, credible
powerless: lowering power, looking for approval, hedges, tag questions - 54How is power conveyed nonverbally?-height
-eye contact
-touch
-physical appearance - 55What is conflict?conflicting goals
- 56What is sexual coercion?when an individual pressures or forces another to engage in sexual activity through verbal or physical force
- 57What is the socialization effect of conflict on children?parents conflict styles are learned by children >> adopt similar style
- 58According to the book, what is competitive fighting?uncooperative+direct
-wanting to control with power - 59According to the book, what is collaborative fighting?cooperative+direct
considers others goals, win win situation - 60According to the book, what is compromising fighting?direct+moderately cooperative
unlike collaborative, compromising makes one give something up - 61According to the book, what is yielding fighting style?cooperative+indirect
forgo own goals in consideration of the partner
chilling effect: avoid voicing own opinions in fear partner may act out, or lack of power - 62According to the book, what is avoiding style fighting?uncooperative+indirect
refuse confrontation/arguing - 63What is negative reciprocity?reciprocate style of conflict
(i.e. aggression > aggression) - 64What is gunnysacking?when people store up complaints then dump them all at once on partner during conflict
- 65What is kitchen sinking?bringing up everything person does wrong besides the actual arguement
- 66What is emotional flooding?when people become surprise/overwhelmed by their partner's expression of negative emotions
- 67Aggressiveness vs argumentativenessaggressiveness: attacking other person's self concept
argumentativeness: focus on logic and reasoning - 68What variables do not actually predict breakups well?self esteem and amount of conflict
- 69What is the effect of marrying young?-immaturity
-lack of financial resources
-perception of being tied down too early
-marrying to escape an unhappy living env. - 70What is relationship disillusionment?when people's positive illusions about their partner fades
- 71What is the superwoman syndrome?working women+taking care of home >> problems with equity in relationship
- 72What is withdrawal (ending relationship)?lack of intimacy and connection; low supportivness, lack of listening
- 73What is most important in negative communication?how a couple resolves issue
- 74What is the catastrophe theory?suggests that relationships breakup in radically different ways, don't gradually unwind
sudden death - 75What is devaluation?feeling unappreciated and unimportant
- 76What are relational transgressions?occurs when people violate relational cues (i.e. having sex with someone else, wanting to date someone else..)
- 77What is the evolutionary hypothesis and double shot hypothesis of infidelity?evolutionary: men get more upset about sexual inf. women emotional
double shot: men and women get upset about sexual and emotional infidelity - 78What is jealousy characterized by?people worry that they might lose their relationship or something
- 79What is envy?when people want something that someone else has
- 80What is rivalry?when 2 people are competing for something neither has
- 81What are the types of deception?lies: making up info. or giving opposite of truth
equivocation: making indirect or vague statement
concealment: omitting info.
exaggeration
understatement - 82What is unrequited love?when one person wants to intensify relationship but the other person doesn't
- 83what is the model of accommodation? what are the 4 basic responses?describes how people respond to problems in relationships
(people have tendency to respond to negative events negatively)
1. neglect: ignore, let get worse
2. exit: threaten break up, move out
3. voice: prosocial comm
4. loyalty: wait for positive change - 84What are the different types of remedial strategies?-apologies/concessions
-appeasement/compensation
-explanation (excuses, justifications)
-denials
-avoidance/evasion
-relationship talk (discussion)
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- Fichas sobre Interpersonal Communication Final, creado por Chelsea S el 01/12/2015.
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- Chelsea S
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