Fichas
Environmental Health: Epidemiology & Health Surveillance
Fichas del conjunto (16)
- 1Food Safety Act (1990) says to not: (3 things)1. Sell food not complying with food safety requirements
2. Render food injurious to health
3. Sell food which is not of the nature/substance/quality expected - 2Food Safety Authority have the power to inspect and enforce to Food Safety Act (1990). They do this through three groups, namely...1. Food Safety Policy Group
2. The Enforcement and Food Standards Group
3. The Corporate Resources and Strategy Group - 3Health Surveillance Definitionactivity which
involves obtaining information about
EMPLOYEES health and which helps protect employees from health risks - 4Health Surveillance Three Goals1. Protecting the health of employees by early detection of adverse changes or disease;
2. Collecting data for detecting or evaluating health hazards;
3. Evaluating control measures. - 5Three Determinants of Health Surveillance1. there is a disease associated with the substance in use (e.g. Asthma, Dermatitis, Cancers);
2. it is possible to detect the disease or adverse change and reduce the risk of further harm;
3. the conditions in the workplace make it likely that the disease will appear. - 6Epidemiology Definitionstudy of factors and influencing the frequency and distribution of disease, injury, and other health-related events and their causes
- 7Definition of: Causean event, characteristic or condition that precedes a disease without which the disease or condition would not have occurred.
- 8Definition of: Determinantattribute or circumstance that effects the liability of an individual to be exposed or when exposed to develop the disease or condition
- 9Definition of: Confounding Variablefactor significantly associated both with the cause and disease in the population, but not the cause itself e.g. smoking/ Cancer
- 10Definition of: Absolute RiskIncidence of
disease within a defined
population - 11Definition of: Relative Riskratio of incidence rate in an exposed group to the incidence rate in a non-exposed group
- 12Definition of: Attributable Riskdifference between incidence rates in exposed and non-exposed groups.
- 13Definition of: Descriptive StudiesDemonstrates patterns of disease and associations within a population. They can track mortality or morbidity over time and compare incidence/prevalence between regions or groups with different characteristics e.g. occupation.
- 14Pros and Cons of Descriptive StudiesData can be analysed from data that is routinely collected, however specific studies are sometime required to obtain data using surveys, as routine data collection might not be in a usable format, have variations in diagnostic criteria and have gaps or inconsistencies.
Designed studies must be aware of error and bias, including subject variation, observer variation and limitations of the surveying methodologies including sample size, validity and randomness. - 15Definition of: Cohort StudyLongitudinal study where a group/population is identified as being possibly exposed to an agent under investigation. It may take many years and aims to identify the characteristics of those who develop the disease.
- 16Definition of: Case-control studyRecruitment of individuals already having the disease, with their case histories compared to a control group of subjects not affected by the disease but drawn from the same general population.
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- BSc (Hons) Environmental Health Fichas sobre Environmental Health: Epidemiology & Health Surveillance, creado por Sami-Jaine el 02/05/2013.
- Creado por
- Sami-Jaine
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