Fichas
Chemistry Tests
Fichas del conjunto (26)
- 1TESTS FOR GASES...
- 2Test for Ammonia- Use damp red litmus paper (or universal indicator) --> goes blue
- Place hydrochloric acid close by --> White smoke of aluminium chloride (irritant) forms. - 3Test for Carbon Dioxide- Use lime water --> a white precipitate of of calcium carbonate forms which, in time, goes colourless as calcium hydrogen carbonate forms.
- 4Test for Chlorine- Damp blue litmus paper goes red on formation of chloric (I) acid. This then bleaches the paper.
- 5Test for Hydrogen- Add a lighted splint --> if the hydrogen is mixed with air there is a 'pop' but if the gas is pure, it catches fire, ad there is no 'pop'.
- 6Test for Hydrogen Chloride- Damp blue litmus paper (or universal indicator) --> goes red.
- Place concentrated ammonia solution close by --> white smoke of ammonium chloride forms. - 7Test for Nitrogen Dioxide- Observe colour. Nitrogen dioxide is the only BROWN GAS.
- 8Test for Oxygen- Add a glowing splint --> This relights the glowing splint, sometimes with a 'pop'.
- 9TESTS FOR ORGANIC FUNCTIONAL GROUPS...
- 10Test for Primary and Secondary alcoholsPotassium dichromate (VI) test
- To 5 drops of the alcohol add 10 drops of 1M sulfuric acid and 4 drops of 0.1M potassium dichromate (VI) solution. Place the solution in boiling hot water from a kettle
COLOUR CHANGE: Orange --> Green - 11Test for Aldehydes and KetonesTOLLENS REAGENT
- On warming Tollen's reagent with an aldehyde --> a silver mirror forms
FEHLING'S SOLUTION
- Add 5 drops of the aldehyde or ketone to 2cm3 of Fehling's solution. Aldehyde: Blue solution --> Red precipitate
(Neither show a change with Ketones) - 12Test for Carboxylic acids- Add 2M ammonia solution to 0.1M iron (III) chloride solution until a precipitate just appears. Now add more of the original iron (III) chloride in drops with stirring until the precipitate just dissolves.
- Add this to the liquid under test and look for a RED SOLUTION. - 13Test for Phenol- To the phenol add neutral iron (III) chloride solution
COLOUR CHANGE: brown --> purple - 14TESTS FOR POSITIVE IONS...
- 15Flame Tests> Barium ions --> Greenish flame
> Calcium ions --> Brick red flame
> Copper (II) ions --> Bluish flame
> Lead (II) ions --> White flame
> Lithium --> Crimson red flame
> Potassium ions --> Lilac flame
> Rubidium ions --> Blue flame
> Strontium ions --> Crimson flame
> Sodium ions --> Persistent yellow flame - 16Add Sodium hydroxide solution> Aluminium ions --> White precipitate which dissolves in excess alkali
> Ammonium ions --> No precipitate, but odour of ammonia
> Barium ions --> White precipitate
>Calcium ions --> White precipitate
> Copper (II) ions --> Blue precipitate
> Iron (II) ions --> Green precipitate
> Iron (III) ions --> Brown precitate
> Magnesium ions --> White precipitate
> Potassium ions --> No precipitate
> Sodium ions --> No precipitate - 17Test for Ammonium ions- Warm 0.4M sodium hydroxide solution with the test solution --> Ammonia gas will be given off.
- 18Test for Copper (II) ions- A blue precipitate forms when ammonia solution which dissolves n excess ammonia to give a deep blue solution.
- 19Test for Lead (II) ions- Forms a bright yellow precipitate when added to 0.1M solution of potassium iodide.
- 20TESTS FOR NEGATIVE IONS...
- 21Test for Carbonate ions- Add hydrochloric acid --> produces lots of fizzing (Carbon dioxide identifiable with lime water).
- 22Test for Bromide ions- Forms a CREAM precipitate with silver nitrate solution which dissolves after the addition of CONC. Ammonia.
- 23Test for Chloride ions- Forms a WHITE precipitate with silver nitrate solution which dissolves after the addition of 2M Ammonia solution.
- 24Test for iodide ions- Forms a YELLOW precipitate with silver nitrate solution which is insoluble after the addition of 2M Ammonia solution.
- 25Tests for Nitrate (V) ions- Brown ring test --> Dissolve the Nitrate (V) in about 1ml of water and add 0.5g of iron (II) sulfate(VI)-7-water. Hold the test tube at an angle and carefully pour about 1ml of conc. sulfuric(VI) acid down te side of the test tube so it forms a layer at the bottom. A brown ring indicates nitrate(V) ions present.
- Devada's alloy --> Add 2ml of nitrate (v) to 5ml of 1M sodium hydroxide solution. Add a little Devada's alloy and warm. Test for ammonia gas. - 26Test for Sulfate (VI) ions- Forms a white precipitate with barium chloride (deionised water and dissolved oxygen.)
Información
- Descripción
- Flashcards of all the chemical tests to learn for OCR B Salters Chemistry A-level.
- Creado por
- Emily Hargreaves
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