Machine Tooling/ Machine Processes

Machine Tooling/ Machine Processes

Machining Centers:

Highly automated machine tool capable of performing multiple machining operations under CNC control.

Features: Automatic tool- changing

Automatic work part positioning

Automatic feed of material for new part.

Types of Machining/ Processes:

-Lathe = Turning

-Drillpress = Drilling

-Milling Machine = Milling

-Grinder = Grinding

-Shaper+Planner = ​​​​​​​Shaping+Planing

-Broach = Broaching

-Saw = Sawing

Generating and Formating

Material Removal Processes

-Turning - Milling - Drilling - Shaping - Planning - Broaching- Sawing.

Generating:

-Part geometry is determined by the feed/trajectory of the cutting tool.

Eg: Straight turning, Taper turning, contour turning, plain milling, profile milling.

Formmating:

-Part geometry is created by the shape of the cutting tool.

Eg: Form turning, drilling, Broaching.

Generating and Formating is a combination of both.

eg: Thread cutting on a lathe, Slot milling.

Turning:

-A single point cutting tool removes material from a rotating work piece to generate a cylindrical or comical shape.

-Variations of turning on a lathe

=Forcing/End facing.

=Contour turning.

=Chamfering.

=Parting off.

=Threading.

=Knurling.

=Boring.

Drilling:

-Create a round hole in a work part.

-Cutting tool called drill or drill bit.

Account for 25% of all machining processes performed.

Turret Lathe:

-Tools rapidly brought into action by indexing the turret.

-Tool post replaced by four-sided turret to index four tools.

-High production work that requires a sequence of cuts on the part.

Milling:

-Machine process by which a surface is generated by progressive chip removal.

-Work is fed into rotating tool with multiple cutting edges.

-Creates a planer surface.

-Two forms of milling: Peripheral milling , Face milling.

Types: Slab milling, Slothing, Conventional face milling, End milling, Profile milling, Pocket milling, Surface contouring

Broaching:

-Moves a multiple toothed tool linearly relative to the work piece in the direction of tool axis.

-Cutting tool is called a broach.

Chucking maching:

-Larger cam-operated automatic lathe.

-Uses Chuck in its spindle to hold work piece.

-Cutting tool controlled automatically.

-Short, lightweight parts.

Automatic Bar Machine:

-Similar to chucking machine except a Collet Replaces the chuck.

-High production of rotational parts.

Multiple Spindle Bar Machines:

-More than one spindle

-Multiple parts machined simultaneously by multiple tools.

1.Feed stock to stop.

2.Turn main diameter.

3.Form second diameter and spot face.

4.drill

5.Chamfer

6.Cut off

Reaming: Used to Slightly enlarge hole.

Taping: Used to apply internal screw threads on a hole.

Counter boring: Provides a stepped hole.

Through holes:

-Drill exits the opposite side of work.

Blind holes:

-Drill does not exit part on the other side.

Sawing:

-Cuts narrow slit in work by a tool consisting in a series of narrowly spaced teeth.

-Power Hacksaw / Band Saw

Mill-Turn Machines:

-Highly automated machines tools that can perform turning, milling, and drilling operations on a workpart.

-Capable of rotating the work piece and rotating the tool.

Shaping + Planing:

Similar operations.

-Both use a single poiny cutting tool moved linearly to the workpiece

-Creates a flat surface

-Low cutting speed