15:3 Neutralization Reactions

15:3 Neutralization Reactions

1. Explain the process of neutralization.

2. Explain how acid rain damages marble structures.

3. Define Lewis acid and Lewis base.

4. Name a compound that is an acid under the Lewis definition but is not an acid under the Brønsted-Lowry definition.

A neutralization reaction is when an acid and a base react to form water and a salt and involves the combination of H+ ions and OH- ions to generate water. https://chem.libretexts.org/Core/Physical_and_Theoretical_Chemistry/Acids_and_Bases/Acid%2F%2FBase_Reactions/Neutralization

Acids have a corrosive effect on limestone or marble buildings or sculptures. It is well established that either wet or dry deposition of sulfur dioxide significantly increases the rate of corrosion on limestone, sandstone, and marble. http://chemistry.elmhurst.edu/vchembook/196buildings.html

A Lewis acid is a chemical species that contains an empty orbital which is capable of accepting an electron pair from a Lewis base to form a Lewisadduct. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lewis_acids_and_bases

http://leah4sci.com/arrhenius-bronsted-lowry-and-lewis-acids-and-bases-in-organic-chemistry/

A conjugate base is the species that

remains after an acid has given up a proton. A species that is formed when a base gains a proton is a conjugate acid.

In a conjugate acid-base pair, the acid typically has one more proton than the base. In the reaction HClO3 + NH3 ↔ NH4+ + ClO3–, the conjugate base of HClO3 is ClO3–.

The conjugate of a weak base is astrong acid. An amphoteric species is one that reacts as a(n) acid or base.

Which of the following is amphoteric?H2O

In the reaction H3PO4 + H2O↔ H3O+ + H2PO4–, the ion H2PO4- acts as a(n) base. What is neutralization? a reaction of hydronium ions and hydroxide ions to form water molecules The reaction of an acid with a carbonate does NOT produce oxygen.