Closed-Ended Questionnaire Items

Closed-Ended Questionnaire Items

Rating Scales

Marking only one of a series of categories in a scale indicating different degrees, (strongly agree to strongly disagree)

Multiple Choice

Rank Order

Numeric Items

Checklist

"Respondent is provided with ready-made response options to choose from"

List of descriptive terms, attributes, or objects, and respondents mark the items that apply to the question.

Ask for a specific number; such as, age in years, or the number of foreign languages spoken.

Order the items by assigning a number to them according to their preferences.

Mark one or more options ("Other", "Not applicable"). Answers will be coded according to the value of the particular option chosen.

Likert Scale

Variations

Numerical Rating Scales

Semantic Differential Scales

True - False Items

List of statements related to a target (person, group, institution, or concept); indicate the extent to which they agree or disagree with these items.

Assigment of a number from 1 to 10 to describe a feature of the target.

Great for children because they have short single ideas that are not subject to debate.

Scale range from 'Never or almost never true of me' to 'Always or almost always true of me. ' Or, "Not at all true" to "Absolutely true".

Indicate answers by marking an "X" in a continuum between two bipolar adjectives on the extremes.

Meaning Factors

Potency

Activity

Evaluation

Positive meaning associated with the target (e.g. good-bad)

Target's overall importance (e.g. strong-weak)

Extent to which the target is associated with the action (e.g. active-passive,