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COGNITIVE INFLUENCES ON LANGUAGE LEARNING

Intelligence

the "G" factor

Cognitive style

Learning Strategies

Language aptitude

Refer to the mental conditions, strategies or processes which the learner has access to while learning a foreign language.

He claimed multiple intlligences:

logical mathematic, linguistic, spatial, musical, bodily kinesthetic, interpersonal, intrapersonal, naturalistic and spiritual.

Aptitude is considered to be the natural ability which we have to learn languages.

Caroll and Sapon´s identified 4 components in language aptitude: Phonemic, Grammatical sensitivity, Inductive langage learning ability, Rote learning ability

It refers to the manner in which the learner perceives, monitors, conceptualises and recalls linguistic information.

Specific variables of cognitive style considered by Brown (1973):

-Reflective-impulsive-thinking

-broad-narrow categorizing

-belief congruence-contradiction

Defined by Oxford and Crookall as: Steps taken by the learner to aid the acquisition, storage and retrieval of information (1989:404)

Types of strategies: cognitive strategies, Memory strategies, Compensation strategies, Metacognitive strategies, Social strategies, Affective strategies, Communication strategies.

Intelligence is more likely to influence the acquisition of oral fluency skills

Intelligence may influence the acquisition of some skills associated with SLA

Genesee 1976:Ekstrand 1976

Oxford and Crookall

(1989:404)

Garder (1985)

Effects of intelligence on language learning